Comparison of Efficacy and Ocular Surface Disease Index Score between Bimatoprost, Latanoprost, Travoprost, and Tafluprost in Glaucoma Patients

Aim. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 4 prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) and to determine the incidence of ocular surface disease in newly diagnosed, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients started on one of those 4 PGAs: bimatoprost (benzalkonium chloride, BAK, 0.3 mg/mL), latanoprost (BAK 0.2 mg/mL), travoprost (polyquad), and tafluprost (BAK-free). Patients and Methods. In this single-center, open-label trial, 32 patients newly diagnosed with POAG were randomly started on one of the four PGAs. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological exam at presentation and at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. Dry eye disease (DED) was assessed using the original Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, in order to evaluate the impact of the drops on the quality of life of patients. Results. The mean age was 60.06 years ± 11.76. All four drugs equally and significantly reduced the intraocular pressure (IOP) with respect to the baseline IOP. There was a trend for a slightly greater reduction of IOP with bimatoprost, but the difference was not found to be statistically significant when compared to other PGAs. OSDI scores were significantly superior for travoprost (10.68 ± 5.73) compared to the other three drugs (p<0.05). Latanoprost caused the most significant eyelash growth and iris discoloration. Conjunctival hyperemia and superficial keratitis occurrence were similar in the four groups. Conclusion. All prostaglandin analogues equally and significantly reduce the IOP in patients with POAG. According to the results of the OSDI score, latanoprost seems to be the least tolerated among the four drugs

Femoral Shaft Fracture Occurring as a Result of Physical Manipulation: A Case Report

Treatments including physical manipulation maneuvers have been widely used for the management of various pain complaints. These maneuvers, although generally considered safe, can be associated with serious complications. We report the case of a 37-years-old previously healthy male patient, who presented to our emergency department (ED) for severe right thigh pain and inability to bear weight that developed during a chiropractic session. Imaging done at the ED showed a displaced distal femoral shaft fracture. The majority of the complications of manipulation maneuvers can be as simple as sprains, however, can be drastic or life-threatening in certain cases causing cerebrovascular accidents or major orthopedic fractures. Such complications are rare and definitely underreported. A femoral shaft fracture occurring as a result of physical manipulation has not been previously reported in the literature. We report a distal femoral shaft fracture that was induced by forceful chiropractic manipulation. It is the first to be reported in the literature. This complication should be noted, reported, and the necessary precautions are taken to avoid such major adverse events

Non-contrast CT markers of intracerebral hematoma expansion : a reliability study

Objectives: We evaluated whether clinicians agree in the detection of non-contrast CT markers of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion. Methods: From our local dataset, we randomly sampled 60 patients diagnosed with spontaneous ICH. Fifteen physicians and trainees (Stroke Neurology, Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology) were trained to identify six density (Barras density, black hole, blend, hypodensity, fluid level, swirl) and three shape (Barras shape, island, satellite) expansion markers, using standardized definitions. Thirteen raters performed a second assessment. Inter and intra-rater agreement were measured using Gwet’s AC1, with a coefficient > 0.60 indicating substantial to almost perfect agreement. Results: Almost perfect inter-rater agreement was observed for the swirl (0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.90) and fluid level (0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.90) markers, while the hypodensity (0.67, 95% CI: 0.56-0.76) and blend (0.62, 95% CI: 0.51-0.71) markers showed substantial agreement. Inter-rater agreement was otherwise moderate, and comparable between density and shape markers. Inter-rater agreement was lower for the three markers that require the rater to identify one specific axial slice (Barras density, Barras shape, island: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.40-0.52 versus others: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.56-0.63). Inter-observer agreement did not differ when stratified for raters’ experience, hematoma location, volume or anticoagulation status. Intrarater agreement was substantial to almost perfect for all but the black hole marker. Conclusion: In a large sample of raters with different backgrounds and expertise levels, only four of nine non-contrast CT markers of ICH expansion showed substantial to almost perfect inter-rater agreement

Study of interaction between chlorides and the microstructure of cementitious materials. Impact of zeta potential on transfers

La prédiction de la durée de vie des ouvrages en zones maritimes nécessite la compréhension des principaux phénomènes liés au transfert des chlorures. Ces derniers peuvent être fixés physiquement dans les feuillets de C-S-H constituant une double couche électrique (DCE). Plusieurs études de quantification de la DCE ont été réalisées par des mesures du potentiel zêta sur des phases hydratées ainsi que sur des ciments en suspension. En revanche, les travaux concernant les matériaux cimentaires sont peu nombreux et généralement basés sur des techniques de mesure qui nécessitent un broyage fin du matériau. L’objectif de cette thèse est de quantifier les phénomènes de la DCE et d’étudier leur influence sur le transfert des chlorures au sein de la microstructure de matériaux cimentaires. En parallèle, il est question d'étudier l’évolution de cette microstructure suite au transfert des chlorures. Dans un premier temps, une caractérisation expérimentale a été réalisée afin d’obtenir les propriétés de transfert de matériaux cimentaires contenant diverses additions minérales (laitier de haut fourneau, cendre volante, fumée de silice et métakaolin), ainsi que deux ciments de Type CEMI et CEMV. Ensuite, et afin de quantifier la DCE, des mesures de potentiel zêta selon la technique du potentiel d’écoulement ont été réalisées sur ces mêmes matériaux cimentaires. Les résultats ont montré une dépendance de potentiel zêta à la teneur en C-S-H et particulièrement à la surface spécifique des pores des pâtes de ciment. Ainsi les pâtes à base de laitier ont présenté les valeurs les plus électronégatives du potentiel zêta. De plus, nous avons mis en évidence les modifications de la DCE et de la microstructure de pâtes de ciment suite à un essai de migration des ions chlorure. Nous avons constaté une baisse des valeurs absolues du potentiel zêta et des diminutions plus ou moins importantes du volume et de la taille des pores de nos pâtes de ciment suite à un essai de migration des chlorures. Enfin, un modèle de transfert multi-espèces intégrant les phénomènes de la DCE a été proposé à la lumière des modèles développés auparavant. Nous avons confronté les profils issus des simulations numériques à ceux de pénétration des chlorures obtenus expérimentalement par des essais d’immersion au laboratoire. L'effet de la DCE était plus remarquable dans les pâtes à base de laitier, cela est principalement dû aux diamètres de pores qui sont très petits. Pour les autres types de pâtes, l’influence de la DCE sur les profils des ions chlorures est négligeable voire inexistante.Service life prediction of structures in maritime zones requires understanding the main phenomena related to chloride transfer. The latter can be physically fixed in the C-S-H layers constituting an electrical double layer (EDL). Several EDL quantification studies have been carried out by measuring the zeta potential on hydrated phases as well as on cements in suspension. On the other hand, the works concerning cementitious materials are very few and generally based on measurement techniques which require fine grinding of the material. The objective of this thesis is to quantify the EDL phenomena and to study their influence on the chloride transfer within the microstructure of cementitious materials. In parallel, it is a question to study the microstructure evolution after chloride transfer. Initially, an experimental characterization was carried out in order to obtain the transfer properties of cementitious materials containing various mineral additions (blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume and metakaolin), as well as two types of cement: CEMI and CEMV. Then, and in order to quantify the EDL, zeta potential measurements using flow potential technique were carried out on these same cementitious materials. The results showed a zeta potential dependence on the C-S-H content and particularly on the specific surface area of cement paste pores. Thus, the slag-based pastes show the most electronegative values of the zeta potential. In addition, we have highlighted the EDL and the microstructure modifications of cement pastes after a chloride migration test. We have observed a decrease in the absolute values of the zeta potential and more or less significant decreases in the pores volume and size of our cement pastes after a chloride migration test. Finally, a multi-species transfer model integrating the EDL phenomena has been proposed in the light of previously developed models. We compared the chloride profiles resulting from numerical simulations with those obtained experimentally by immersion tests in the laboratory. The effect of EDL was more significant in slag-based pastes, this is mainly due to their pore diameters which are very small. For the other types of pastes, the influence of the EDL on the chloride profiles is negligible or even non-existent

Le système PP dans les reprises de PTH (tentative d'évaluation de la reconstruction osseuse périprothétique)

TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Revoz : reconhecimento de voz utilizando redes neurais

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Revoz : reconhecimento de voz utilizando redes neurais

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Numerical analysis of concrete permeability measurements in laboratory and in field

International audienc