Longitudinal photographic observation of the occurrence of bubbles in pit and fissure sealants

The purpose of this study was to employ photographic evaluation to observe the presence or absence of bubbles in pit and fissure sealants Concise and Prisma Shield, at 7 days, 18 months, 36 months and 11 years after accomplishment of treatment. METHODS: A hematoxylin-based staining solution was applied to the occlusal surface at the study periods, which allowed assessment of the sealing material on the surface. All occlusal surfaces were photographed and the photographs corresponding to each period were subjected to photographic evaluation. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference only at 18 months, with a significantly higher number of specimens with bubbles for the Prisma Shield sealant compared to the Concise, whereas the groups were similar at all other study periods. On the other hand, separate analysis of subsequent periods of the sealants did not reveal any significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of the present longitudinal investigation, it may be concluded that the sealing materials showed that bubbles came into and went out with time. However, this fact did not interfere with its clinical purpose, provided the remaining material covers the expected region of pits and fissures.Avaliação fotográfica para observar a presença ou a ausência de bolhas nos selantes de fóssula e fissuras Concise e Prisma Shield aos 7 dias, 18 meses, 36 meses e 11 anos, após a realização dos selamentos. METODOLOGIA: Foi aplicado na superfície oclusal, em todos os períodos de análise, uma solução corante a base de hematoxilina, que possibilitou a verificação e a avaliação dos materiais seladores presentes nesta superfície. Todas as superfícies oclusais foram fotografadas e as fotografias, correspondentes a cada período em análise, foram submetidas à avaliação fotográfica. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa somente aos 18 meses de análise, com o selante Prisma Shield apresentando um número significativamente maior de bolhas superficiais, que o selante Concise; enquanto que os demais grupos apresentaram-se estatisticamente semelhantes entre si, em todos os outros períodos de análise. Por outro lado, quando os selantes foram analisados isoladamente, nos períodos subseqüentes, não foi observada a presença de diferença estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os resultados observados, pudemos verificar que os materiais seladores apresentaram o aparecimento e o desaparecimento de bolhas, fato que não interferiu na finalidade clínica do selamento realizado

Observação fotográfica da ocorrência de bolhas em selantes de fóssulas e fissuras

The purpose of this study was to employ photographic evaluation to observe the presence or absence of bubbles in pit and fissure sealants Concise and Prisma Shield, at 7 days, 18 months, 36 months and 11 years after accomplishment of treatment. METHODS: A hematoxylin-based staining solution was applied to the occlusal surface at the study periods, which allowed assessment of the sealing material on the surface. All occlusal surfaces were photographed and the photographs corresponding to each period were subjected to photographic evaluation. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference only at 18 months, with a significantly higher number of specimens with bubbles for the Prisma Shield sealant compared to the Concise, whereas the groups were similar at all other study periods. On the other hand, separate analysis of subsequent periods of the sealants did not reveal any significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of the present longitudinal investigation, it may be concluded that the sealing materials showed that bubbles came into and went out with time. However, this fact did not interfere with its clinical purpose, provided the remaining material covers the expected region of pits and fissures.Avaliação fotográfica para observar a presença ou a ausência de bolhas nos selantes de fóssula e fissuras Concise e Prisma Shield aos 7 dias, 18 meses, 36 meses e 11 anos, após a realização dos selamentos. METODOLOGIA: Foi aplicado na superfície oclusal, em todos os períodos de análise, uma solução corante a base de hematoxilina, que possibilitou a verificação e a avaliação dos materiais seladores presentes nesta superfície. Todas as superfícies oclusais foram fotografadas e as fotografias, correspondentes a cada período em análise, foram submetidas à avaliação fotográfica. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa somente aos 18 meses de análise, com o selante Prisma Shield apresentando um número significativamente maior de bolhas superficiais, que o selante Concise; enquanto que os demais grupos apresentaram-se estatisticamente semelhantes entre si, em todos os outros períodos de análise. Por outro lado, quando os selantes foram analisados isoladamente, nos períodos subseqüentes, não foi observada a presença de diferença estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os resultados observados, pudemos verificar que os materiais seladores apresentaram o aparecimento e o desaparecimento de bolhas, fato que não interferiu na finalidade clínica do selamento realizado.2732Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

The influence of temperature of three adhesive systems on bonding to ground enamel

Orientador: Jose Roberto LovadinoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da temperatura do adesivo na resistência à microtração (µT) de um convencional de frasco único, Primer &Bond NT(PBNT) e dois adesivos autocondicionante,Clearfil SE Bond (SEB) e Adper Prompt L-Pop (PLP). Adicionalmente, foram analisados o padrão de condicionamento (PC) e a interface resina-esmalte (IRE). Foram utilizados 63 dentes bovinos divididos em 3 grupos (n=21) de acordo com o adesivo. Cada grupo foi subdividido em 3 sub-grupos de acordo com a temperatura do adesivo (NORM = 20°C; FRIO = 5°C; QNT = 40°C). Os dentes tiveram sua face vestibular média planificada com lixas de granulação 320, 400 e 600 de SiC e abrasionada com uma ponta diamantada por 10s. Os sistemas adesivos foram aplicados segundo as instruções do fabricante e a resina composta em incrementos 2mm de espessura. Cada incremento foi polimerizado por 40s. Em seguida, os espécimes foram cortadas no sentido mésio-distal, sendo a metade cervical destinada a análise da interface e a incisal destinada ao teste de µT , realizado em máquina de ensaio universal. Para cada espécime, 4 amostras do tipo "Hour Glass" foi testado e o padrão de fratura avaliado. Para o PC foram confeccionados 2 blocos para cada subgrupo (14), os quais receberam o mesmo tratamento de superfície dos espécimes utilizados para o teste de µT, porém as superfícies foram lavadas após a aplicação da solução ácida . Para a análise da interface, estas foram polidas e limpas através da aplicação de plasma de argônio e foram, juntamente com os espécimes do padrão de condicionamento, preparados para visualização em MEV. Os valores de resistência à µT foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA/Tukey (p<0,05). Na temperatura NORM não houve diferença estatística entre os adesivos, porém no FRIO a resistência à µT dos adesivos PBNT e PLP foram menores que a do SEB. Na temperatura QNT houve uma redução na resistência à µT dos adesivos SEB e PLP. Dentro de cada adesivo, o SEB aquecido, foi o único que reduziu sua resistência. O padrão de fratura mostrou maior incidência de fraturas coesivas em esmalte para o adesivo PBNT. Porém, os adesivos autocondicionantes mostraram uma predominância de fraturas adesivas/ coesivas e adesivas. O aspecto da interface e do padrão de condicionamento foi dependente da temperatura e do adesivo. O grupo PLP foi o que mais se aproximou do grupo com condicionamento ácido prévio, porém apenas na temperatura ambiente. Através dos resultados deste estudo, pode-se concluir que os adesivos autocondicionantes apresentam menor agressividade de desmineralização em relação ao ácido fosfórico e são influenciados pela alteração da temperatura.Abstract: This study evaluated the influence of adhesive temperature on microtensile (µT) bond strength of a total-etch adhesive, Primer&Bond NT (PBNT) and two self-etching adhesives, Clearfil SE Bond (SEB) and Adper Prompt L-Pop (PLP). Additionally, the etch patterns (EP) and resin-enamel interface were analyzed. Sixty-three bovine incisors were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups (N=21) according to the adhesive. Each group was subdivided into 3 sub-groups according to the temperature (NORM = 20°C; FRIO = 5°C; QNT = 40°C). The buccal enamel surfaces were flattened with 320, 400, 600-grit SiC paper and abrasioned with a diamond bur for 10s under water coolant. The adhesive were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions and resin was incrementally placed in 2mm thick. Each resin increment was light cured for 40s. The specimens were sectioned in the middle. For the µT test was used incisal center, accomplished in a universal testing machine, 4 "hour glass" type specimens were tested, after was fractures type classified. The cervical middle was used for interface analyze. The sections were polished and cleanned with Argon Plasma. For the EP, 24 fragments received the same treatment of the specimens used for µT, but the surface was rinsed off after the application of the acidic solutions. EP and interface analyze were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The bond strength data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey test (p<5%). No significant differences were found for NORM adhesives. However, for FRIO, PBNT and APLP presented the lower bond strength means significantly differing from SEB. For QNT, the SEB and PLP presented the lowest bond strength means. Within each adhesive, the SEB used in a QNT, was the only one to present a reduction in a bond strength. There was a more enamel cohesive fracture type to PBNT. However, the self-etching adhesive presented adhesive/cohesive fracture types. The interface aspect was temperature and adhesive depended. When the APLP was applied in normal temperature there was greater similarity with the group PBNT. The result of this study was concluded that the self-etching showed a least aggressive etch patterns in relation to the Phosphoric acid and temperature change influenced adhesive µT bond strength and EP. However, they were adhesive and temperature dependent.MestradoDentísticaMestre em Clínica Odontológic

Smile restoration through use of enamel microabrasion associated with tooth bleaching

Enamel microabrasion can eliminate enamel irregularities and discoloration defects, improving the appearance of teeth. This article presents the latest treatment protocol of enamel microabrasion to remove stains on the enamel surface. It has been verified that teeth submitted to microabrasion acquire a yellowish color because of the thinness of the remaining enamel, revealing the color of dentinal tissue to a greater degree. In these clinical conditions, correction of the color pattern of these teeth can be obtained with a considerable margin of clinical success using products containing carbamide peroxide in custom trays. Thus, patients can benefit from combined enamel microabrasion/tooth bleaching therapy, which yields attractive cosmetic results. Esthetics plays an important role in contemporary dentistry, especially because the media emphasizes beauty and health. Currently, in many countries, a smile is considered beautiful if it imitates a natural appearance, with clear, well-aligned teeth and defined anatomical shapes.1-3 Enamel microabrasion is one technique that can be used to correct discolored enamel. This technique has been elucidated and strongly advocated by Croll and Cavanaugh since 1986,4 and by other investigators1,2,5-13 who suggested mechanical removal of enamel stains using acidic substances in conjunction with abrasive agents. Enamel microabrasion is indicated to remove intrinsic stains of any color and of hard texture, and is contraindicated for extrinsic stains, dentinal stains, for patients with deficient labial seals, and in cases where there is no possibility to place a rubber dam adequately during the microabrasion procedure.1,2 It should be emphasized that enamel microabrasion causes a microreduction on the enamel surface,3,6,10 and, in some cases, teeth submitted to microabrasion may appear a darker or yellowish color because the thin remaining enamel surface can reveal some of the dentinal tissue color. In these situations, according to Haywood and Heymann in 1989,14 correction of the color pattern of teeth can be obtained through the use of whitening products containing carbamide peroxide in custom trays. A considerable margin of clinical success has been shown when diligence to at-home protocols is achieved by the patient and supervised by the professional.3 Considering these possibilities, this article presents the microabrasion technique for removal of stains on dental enamel, followed by tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide and composite resin restoration, if required. - See more at: https://www.dentalaegis.com/cced/2011/04/smile-restoration-through-use-of-enamel-microbrasion-associated-with-tooth-bleaching#sthash.N6jz2Bwk.dpu

Considerations about enamel microabrasion after 18 years

Purpose: To review of the current status of enamel microabrasion method and its results 18 years after the development and application of this method. Methods: A technique performing enamel microabrasion with hydrochloric acid mixed with pumice and other techniques employing a commercially available compound of hydrochloric acid and fine-grit silicon carbide particles in a water-soluble paste have been described. Much has been learned about the application of this esthetic technique, long-term treatment results and microscopic changes to the enamel surface that has significant clinical implications. The latest treatment protocol is presented and photographic case histories document the treatment results. Clinical observations made over 18 years are discussed. Results: According to our findings, the dental enamel microabrasion technique is a highly satisfactory, safe and effective procedure

Evaluation in situ of tag formation in dental enamel submitted to microabrasion technique: effect of two etching times

The objective of this study was to analyze the formation of resin tags on enamel surfaces submitted or not to enamel microabrasion technique. Thirteen undergraduate dental students received removable acrylic palatal appliances on which four sections from intact premolars were fixed, measuring 4.0 mm X 4.0 mm. Two sections received the application of a microabrasive system and the remaining sections did not receive any surface treatment. The patients were instructed to wear the acrylic palatal appliances for 4 months during the day. After this time, the sections were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds (sections 1 and 2) and 60 seconds (sections 3 and 4), followed by adhesive system and composite resin applications. All the sections were prepared for light microscopy analysis to observe the degree of resin penetration (x400). The results were submitted to a three-way analysis of variance with a significance level of 5%. The difference between groups was verified by the Tukey test, at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that microabraded enamel required a longer period of acid etching for longer resin tags.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a formação de tags resinosos em esmalte dental submetido ou não à técnica de microabrasão. Treze estudantes de Odontologia receberam a aplicação de um aparelho ortodôntico removível contendo quatro secções de esmalte com dimensões de 4.0 mm X 4.0 mm. Duas seções receberam a aplicação de um composto microabrasivo e as demais não receberam nenhum tratamento. Os pacientes foram instruídos a usar os aparelhos ortodônticos durante o dia e por quatro meses. Após este período, as secções foram condicionadas com ácido fosfórico 37% por 15 segundos (seções 1 e 2) e por 60 segundos (secções 3 e 4), seguido pela aplicação do sistema adesivo e de resina composta. Todas as secções foram preparadas para análise em microscopia óptica comum para observar o grau de penetração do material resinoso (x400). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância a três critérios, ao nível de 5%. A diferença entre os grupos foi verificada pelo teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5%. Os resultados mostraram que maiores tempos de condicionamento ácido do esmalte dental são exigidos para uma maior penetra- ção do sistema adesivo.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

In vitro-evaluation of secondary caries formation around restoration.

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate demineralization around restorations. Class V preparations were made on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth. TPH (Group 1), Fuji II LC (Group 2), Tetric (Group 3), Dyract (Group 4), GS 80 (Group 5) and Chelon Fil (Group 6) were randomly placed in equal numbers of teeth. The teeth were submitted to a pH-cycling model associated with a thermocycling model. Sections were made and the specimens were examined for the presence of demineralization under polarized light microscopy. Demineralization was significantly reduced with Chelon Fil (Group 6). Furthermore, a similar inhibitory effect on the development of demineralization was observed in Groups 2, 4 and 5

Smile restoration through use of enamel mricroabrasion associated with tooth bleaching

Enamel microabrasion can eliminate enamel irregularities and discoloration defects, improving the appearance of teeth. This article presents the latest treatment protocol of enamel microabrasion to remove stains on the enamel surface. It has been verified that teeth submitted to microabrasion acquire a yellowish color because of the thinness of the remaining enamel, revealing the color of dentinal tissue to a greater degree. In these clinical conditions, correction of the color pattern of these teeth can be obtained with a considerable margin of clinical success using products containing carbamide peroxide in custom trays. Thus, patients can benefit from combined enamel microabrasion/tooth bleaching therapy, which yields attractive cosmetic results. Esthetics plays an important role in contemporary dentistry, especially because the media emphasizes beauty and health. Currently, in many countries, a smile is considered beautiful if it imitates a natural appearance, with clear, well-aligned teeth and defined anatomical shapes.1-3 Enamel microabrasion is one technique that can be used to correct discolored enamel. This technique has been elucidated and strongly advocated by Croll and Cavanaugh since 1986,4 and by other investigators1,2,5-13 who suggested mechanical removal of enamel stains using acidic substances in conjunction with abrasive agents. Enamel microabrasion is indicated to remove intrinsic stains of any color and of hard texture, and is contraindicated for extrinsic stains, dentinal stains, for patients with deficient labial seals, and in cases where there is no possibility to place a rubber dam adequately during the microabrasion procedure.1,2 It should be emphasized that enamel microabrasion causes a microreduction on the enamel surface,3,6,10 and, in some cases, teeth submitted to microabrasion may appear a darker or yellowish color because the thin remaining enamel surface can reveal some of the dentinal tissue color. In these situations, according to Haywood and Heymann in 1989,14 correction of the color pattern of teeth can be obtained through the use of whitening products containing carbamide peroxide in custom trays. A considerable margin of clinical success has been shown when diligence to at-home protocols is achieved by the patient and supervised by the professional.3 Considering these possibilities, this article presents the microabrasion technique for removal of stains on dental enamel, followed by tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide and composite resin restoration, if required

Longitudinal photographic observation of the occurrence of bubbles in pit and fissure sealants

The purpose of this study was to employ photographic evaluation to observe the presence or absence of bubbles in pit and fissure sealants Concise and Prisma Shield, at 7 days, 18 months, 36 months and 11 years after accomplishment of treatment. Methods: A hematoxylin-based staining solution was applied to the occlusal surface at the study periods, which allowed assessment of the sealing material on the surface. All occlusal surfaces were photographed and the photographs corresponding to each period were subjected to photographic evaluation. Results: There was statistically significant difference only at 18 months, with a significantly higher number of specimens with bubbles for the Prisma Shield sealant compared to the Concise, whereas the groups were similar at all other study periods. On the other hand, separate analysis of subsequent periods of the sealants did not reveal any significant difference. Conclusions: According to the results of the present longitudinal investigation, it may be concluded that the sealing materials showed that bubbles came into and went out with time. However, this fact did not interfere with its clinical purpose, provided the remaining material covers the expected region of pits and fissures

Effect Of 10% Carbamide Peroxide Dental Bleaching On Microhardness Of Filled And Unfilled Sealant Materials.

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the effect of 10% carbamide peroxide on the microhardness of pit and fissure sealant materials. Fluroshield, Vitroseal Alfa, and one unfilled (Clinpro) sealants were placed in Teflon matrices (4 mm in diameter by 2 mm in height) and polymerized for 40 seconds. A total of 20 specimens were prepared for each material, in which half were assigned as the control group (stored in artificial saliva and no bleaching treatment). For the remaining half, Clarigel Gold bleaching agent (10% carbamide peroxide) was placed over the specimen surface for 4 hours/day during 4 weeks. When specimens were not under bleaching treatment, they were kept in artificial saliva. Afterwards, specimens were subjected to Knoop microhardness testing using a 25-g load for 5 seconds. Five measurements were made on the sealants' surfaces and then calculated in Knoop hardness values. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests with a 5% confidence level. The results of this in vitro study showed that the application of a carbamide peroxide-based bleaching material significantly affected the microhardness values of filled sealant materials. The bleaching agent did not affect the microhardness of the unfilled sealant. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The results of this in vitro study suggest that the bleaching agents altered the surface hardness of filled sealant restorative materials. This could possibly lead to increased wear and surface roughness.18273-8; discussion 27