A proof of the S-genus identities for ternary quadratic forms

In this paper we prove the main conjectures of Berkovich and Jagy about weighted averages of representation numbers over an S-genus of ternary lattices (defined below) for any odd squarefree S \in N. We do this by reformulating them in terms of local quantities using the Siegel-Weil and Conway-Sloane formulas, and then proving the necessary local identities. We conclude by conjecturing generalized formulas valid over certain totally real number fields as a direction for future work.Comment: 14 page

Semi-automated extraction of stromal vascular fraction for autologous cell therapy

Introduction: The stem cell rich Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) can be obtained by enzymatic digestion with a collagenase followed by centrifugation from patients’ lipoaspirate or fat tissue. To date neither a standardized extraction method nor a generally accepted application procedure exists for common use on patient. A novel commercially available semi-automated device for the extraction of SVF promises sterility, consistent results and usability in the clinical routine. The aim of this work was to investigate the quantity and quality of the SVF obtained by a semi-automated process in comparison to an established manual laboratory method. Material and Methods: SVF was extracted from lipoaspirate by a prototype of the semi-automated UNiStation (NeoGenesis, Seoul, Korea) as well as by hand preparation with common laboratory equipment. The SVF was measured by multi-parametric flow-cytometry (FACSCanto-II, BD Biosciences) following the lysis of the remaining erythrocytes. The primary interest was the total cell number (quantity) of the extracted cells. In addition, the quality of the SVFs was investigated using the stem cell marker CD34, the leucocyte marker CD45 and the marker CD271 for highly proliferative stem cells. Furthermore, the distribution of these markers, double positive cells and the stain index were investigated. Results: Lipoaspirate obtained from six patients was processed with both the novel device (d) as the hand preparation using laboratory equipment (h), always resulting in a macroscopically visible SVF. However, there was a tendency of a fewer cell yield per gram of used lipoaspirate with the device (d: 1.1*105±1.1*105 vs. h: 2.0*105±1.7*105; p=0.06). Regarding the composition of the SVF, the percentage of CD34+ cells was significantly reduced with the device (d: 57.3±23.8% vs. h: 74.1±13.4%; p=0.02). On the contrary there was a tendency to a higher percentage of CD45+ leukocytes (d: 20.7±15.8% vs. h: 9.8±7.1%; p=0.07). The percentage of highly proliferative CD271+ cells was comparable for both methods (d: 13.4±11.6% vs. h: 12.9±9.6%; p=0.74). No significant difference was identified regarding the double positive cell fraction for CD34+/CD45+ (d: 0.5±0.6% vs. h: 0.3±0.2%; p=0.21) and CD34+/CD271+ (d: 1.9±2.3% vs. h: 2.4±2.0%; p=0.42). Double positive cells for CD45+/CD271+ were not detected in any sample. The stain index did not show a significant difference between the two extraction methods (p>0.12). Discussion: The semi-automated system was able to provide considerable amounts of sterile SVF without requiring much space. The SVF extracted by the semi-automated process showed only little difference in its composition compared with the SVF obtained by the hand preparation. Taken together both methods showed comparable extraction results which are in accordance with the data from literature. This semi-automated system offers an opportunity to take research and application of the SVF one step further to the clinic

Evaluating the influence of requirements in fuel cell system design using Design Requirement Maps

Finding a combination of design variables for an optimized design target is the main aspect in fuel cell system design. Beside that, it has to be ensured that all requirements, on component and vehicle level, are met. Using a visualization approach, called Design Requirement Map, as a graphical presentation of the design target and the requirements of two degrees of freedom, helps to answer certain design questions and enable an estimation of the influence of requirements and operating points on the optimal system design. In this paper, first, the general fuel cell system design problem is formulated and, second, the Design Requirement Map is used to study the influence of requirements on the optimal combination of humidifier scale and air compression ratio. Designs with too small or too large humidifiers reveal as designs, which are constrained by at least one of the considered requirements. In addition, the influence for a multi-objective design target and different ambient temperatures and pressures are addressed. For certain design questions using Design Requirement Maps can be very helpful to evaluate the impact of requirements on the system design especially when considering different operating points. © 2021 The Authors. Fuel Cells published by Wiley-VCH Gmb

pH-gradient chromatofocusing of proteins on a chip

We present a novel microfluidic system for the pH-gradient focusing of proteins with the integration of 16 parallel micro-mixers, a micro-column, and a multiplexer. In this work we successfully achieved the creation of 16 non-linear gradients and the generation of a solid-phase micro-column for the realization of anion exchange chromatography on a single chip. With the device we demonstrated the separation of a protein mixture of R-phycoerythrin and FITC-BSA based on pH-gradient chromatofocusing

Complete Genome Sequence of a Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Isolated in Belgorod, Russia, in 2008.

We identified porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in stool samples from sick piglets in the Belgorod region of Russia. The complete coding genome sequence of 28,295 nucleotides (nt) of PEDV was generated. Compared to a prototype PEDV strain (DR13), an extreme number of mismatches in the S gene were revealed

Towards a real-time capable plug & produce environment for adaptable factories

Industrial manufacturing is currently undergoing a transformation from mass production with inflexible production systems to individual production with adaptable cells. In order to ensure this adaptability of these systems, technologies such as plug & produce are needed, to integrate, modify and remove devices at runtime. Therefor an exact description of the system, the products and the capabilities / skills of the devices is essential as well as a network for communication between the devices. Deterministic data transmission is particularly important for distributed control systems. We propose an architecture for plug & produce mechanisms with hard real-time capable communication paths between the cyber-physical components using OPC UA PubSub over TSN and the ability to load and execute real-time critical tasks at runtime

Picosecond strain dynamics in Ge2_{2}Sb2_{2}Te5_{5} monitored by time-resolved x-ray diffraction

Coherent phonons (CP) generated by laser pulses on the femtosecond scale have been proposed as a means to achieve ultrafast, non-thermal switching in phase-change materials such as Ge$_{2}$Sb$_{2}$Te$_{5}$(GST). Here we use ultrafast optical pump pulses to induce coherent acoustic phonons and stroboscopically measure the corresponding lattice distortions in GST using 100 ps x-ray pulses from the ESRF storage ring. A linear-chain model provides a good description of the observed changes in the diffraction signal, however, the magnitudes of the measured shifts are too large to be explained by thermal effects alone implying the presence of transient non-equilibrium electron heating in addition to temperature driven expansion. The information on the movement of atoms during the excitation process can lead to greater insight into the possibilities of using CP-induced phase-transitions in GST.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. B, in pres

Unsteady flow phenomena in human undulatory swimming: a numerical approach

The undulatory underwater sequence is one of the most important phases in competitive swimming. An understanding of the recurrent vortex dynamics around the human body and their generation could therefore be used to improve swimming techniques. In order to produce a dynamic model, we applied human joint kinematics to three-dimensional (3D) body scans of a female swimmer. The flow around this dynamic model was then calculated using computational fluid dynamics with the aid of moving 3D meshes. Evaluation of the numerical results delivered by the various motion cycles identified characteristic vortex structures for each of the cycles, which exhibited increasing intensity and drag influence. At maximum thrust, drag forces appear to be 12 times higher than those of a passive gliding swimmer. As far as we know, this is the first disclosure of vortex rings merging into vortex tubes in the wake after vortex recapturing. All unsteady structures were visualized using a modified Q-criterion also incorporated into our methods. At the very least, our approach is likely to be suited to further studies examining swimmers engaging in undulatory swimming during training or competition

Sensor-guided motions for robot-based component testing

This paper presents the use of sensor-guided motions for robot-based component testing to compensate the robot’s path deviations under load. We implemented two different sensor-guided motions consisting of a 3D camera system to minimize the absolute deviation and a force/torque sensor mounted directly to the robot’s end effector to minimize occurring transverse forces and torques. We evaluated these two sensor-guided motions in our testing facility with a classical tensile test and a heavy-duty industrial robot. From the obtained results, it can be stated, that transverse forces as well as the absolute deviation were significantly reduced