Nanoparticle drug delivery systems for inner ear therapy: An overview

open7noembargoed_20180701Valente, Filippo; Astolfi, Laura; Simoni, Edi; Danti, Serena; Franceschini, Valeria; Chicca, Milvia; Martini, AlessandroValente, Filippo; Astolfi, Laura; Simoni, Edi; Danti, Serena; Franceschini, Valeria; Chicca, Milvia; Martini, Alessandr

La condizione giuridica di Rom e Sinti in Italia

Il volume rappresenta un’assoluta novità nel panorama della letteratura giuridica italiana. Si tratta, infatti, della prima opera che cerca di fornire una visione completa, aggiornata e interdisciplinare dei problemi giuridici relativi alla condizione in Italia delle persone appartenenti alla minoranza dei Rom e dei Sinti. I capitoli fanno riferimento a molteplici aspetti con ricadute di rilievo tanto per la giurisprudenza costituzionale che per quella ordinaria, ma anche per il diritto dell’UE e la giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo. Sono così approfonditi tutti gli aspetti della condizione delle singole persone (italiane, straniere o apolidi) e dello status della minoranza in sé, le norme statali e regionali rilevanti, le prassi istituzionali e i problemi di discriminazione, le raccomandazioni e le proposte emesse da organismi internazionali. Le analisi vanno a toccare il diritto costituzionale, pubblico e regionale, il diritto amministrativo e urbanistico, il diritto penale e processuale penale, il diritto civile, il diritto del lavoro, il diritto internazionale e dell’Unione europea. Sono presenti altresì riflessioni di diritto comparato (Francia, Spagna, Ungheria, Romania, Stati dell’ex-Jugoslavia), nonché analisi empiriche sulle prassi amministrative e giudiziarie. Oltre ad analisi svolte da giuristi accademici, l’opera contiene contributi di magistrati e avvocati, ma anche di sociologi, politologi, epidemiologi, antropologi e linguisti scelti tra coloro che più si sono distinti nello studio del mondo rom e sinto. Sono altresì presenti contributi di rappresentanti di istituzioni statali italiane, della Commissione europea, del Consiglio d’Europa e dell’OSCE, nonché testimonianze di rappresentanti dell'associazionismo rom e sinto. L’appendice contiene un’articolata bozza di progetto di legge elaborata dai curatori.Tomo I La condizione giuridica di Rom e Sinti in Italia: dall’ascolto e confronto alla proposta, di P. Bonetti, A. Simoni, T. Vitale. Saluto del Presidente della Repubblica Giorgio Napolitano. Sezione I - INTRODUZIONE. I nodi giuridici della condizione di Rom e Sinti in Italia, di P. Bonetti. Sezione II - ASPETTI GENERALI. Contributi di D. Halwachs, F. Palermo, S. Baldin, G. Loy, A. Simoni, T. Vitale, A.R. Calabrò. Sezione III - ASPETTI DI DIRITTO COMUNITARIO E INTERNAZIONALE E DI DIRITTO DEGLI STRANIERI. Contributi di M. Fornara, J. A. Goldston e C. Hermanin, D. Boni, G. Perin, G. Cousin e F. Mariani. Sezione IV - BREVE CASISTICA DI MODELLI EUROPEI. Contributi di F. Rey Martínez, K. Kelemen, S. Tanasescu, M. Dicosola, C. Le Berre. Sezione V - EGUAGLIANZA, DISCRIMINAZIONI E AZIONI LEGALI. Contributi di M. Barbera, T. Vettor, A. Maiorca, V. Vasey, A. Guariso, E. Rizzin e A. Bertellini, P. Tanzarella. Tomo II Sezione VI - INTEGRAZIONE, PARTECIPAZIONE E COMUNICAZIONE. Contributi di F. Furlan, N. Sigona, G. E. Vigevani. Sezione VII - I DIRITTI A CIRCOLARE, A SOGGIORNARE E AD ABITARE. Contributi di C. Corsi, A. Tosi, N. Bassi, E. Paciotti, G. Scappucci e R. Demiraj, L. Levak, F. Casavola, L. Neri. Sezione VIII - I DIRITTI LINGUISTICI, CULTURALI E DELL’ISTRUZIONE. Contributi di G. Poggeschi, V. Piergigli, E. Rozzi, D. Argiropoulos, E. Cimoli, G. Bezzecchi, M. Mapelli. Sezione IX - FAMIGLIA E DIRITTI DEI MINORI. Contributi di E. Lamarque, P. Morozzo della Rocca, C. Saletti Salza. Sezione X - IL DIRITTO ALLA SALUTE. Contributi di F. Motta e S. Geraci, L. Monasta. Sezione XI - ASPETTI PENALI E PROCESSUALI. Contributi di L. Masera, F. Viganò, G. Ubertis, L. Trucco, L. Laera, S. Tosi Cambini. Sezione XII - LE SFIDE PER IL FUTURO. Contributi di A. Mirga, M. Cermel, N. Gheorghe, M. Guet, T. Vitale e L. Caruso. Sezione XIII - VERSO UNA LEGGE ITALIANA PER IL RICONOSCIMENTO E LA TUTELA DELLA MINORANZA DEI ROM E DEI SINTI? Contributi di O. Marotti, M. Pagani, G. Perego. APPENDICE - UN’IPOTESI DI PROPOSTA DI LEGGE: NORME PER LA TUTELA E LE PARI OPPORTUNITÀ DELLA MINORANZA DEI ROM E DEI SINTI. Relazione generale e bozza dell’articolato di P. Bonetti, A. Simoni e T. Vitale

Atmospheric circulation patterns, cloud-to-ground lightning, and locally intense convective rainfall associated with debris flow initiation in the Dolomite Alps of northeastern Italy

The Dolomite Alps of northeastern Italy experience debris flows with great frequency during the summer months. An ample supply of unconsolidated material on steep slopes and a summer season climate regime characterized by recurrent thunderstorms combine to produce an abundance of these destructive hydro-geologic events. In the past, debris flow events have been studied primarily in the context of their geologic and geomorphic characteristics. The atmospheric contribution to these mass-wasting events has been limited to recording rainfall and developing intensity thresholds for debris mobilization. This study aims to expand the examination of atmospheric processes that preceded both locally intense convective rainfall (LICR) and debris flows in the Dolomite region. 500 hPa pressure level plots of geopotential heights were constructed for a period of 3 days prior to debris flow events to gain insight into the synoptic-scale processes which provide an environment conducive to LICR in the Dolomites. Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash data recorded at the meso-scale were incorporated to assess the convective environment proximal to debris flow source regions. Twelve events were analyzed and from this analysis three common synoptic-scale circulation patterns were identified. Evaluation of CG flashes at smaller spatial and temporal scales illustrated that convective processes vary in their production of CF flashes (total number) and the spatial distribution of flashes can also be quite different between events over longer periods. During the 60 min interval immediately preceding debris flow a majority of cases exhibited spatial and temporal colocation of LICR and CG flashes. Also a number of CG flash parameters were found to be significantly correlated to rainfall intensity prior to debris flow initiation

Begging for Due Process: Defending the Rights of Urban Outcasts in an Italian Town

Adult begging in Italy has been decriminalized since a Constitutional Court decision in 1995 and an ensuing law, no. 205, in 1999. Nonetheless, beggars, particularly Roma ones, are still perceived by the public as a nuisance, like an issue that should be dealt with. Sensible to the pressure of its constituency, even Florence—a city with a tradition of openness and inclusion—has taken measures against begging and other similar street-level economic activities. Between 2007 and 2008, the first wave of city action in Florence was directed at windshield cleaners at traffic lights. Even though the policy was challenged, it produced the intended effect of removing such beggars from their posts. Today, a second wave of city action, visible since 2013 and based on a very loose municipal regulation, has taken the form of routine de facto pressure exerted by local police on beggars that aims to remove beggars from the touristic city center. In the following pages we will first present the historical background of the matter, from the nineteenth-century criminal approach to the decriminalization of adult begging under the pressure of the Italian Constitutional Court in the 1990s. Second, we turn to the local municipalities’ reaction to this change and explain how they tried to fill the space with a number of administrative measures—whose legitimacy may often still be questioned. Third, we focus on the experience of Florence by describing the mayor’s failed ordinances and the Regulation on Urban Police adopted in 2008 and currently in force. Finally, we present our ongoing work: specifically, the pending action against the alleged “data-base of beggars” and the activity against the potentially discriminatory police practice of fining beggars. In both cases, we will highlight how the Italian procedural system and culture seems to not support this kind of experimental public interest litigation

Begging for Due Process: Defending the Rights of Urban Outcasts in an Italian Town

Adult begging in Italy has been decriminalized since a Constitutional Court decision in 1995 and an ensuing law, no. 205, in 1999. Nonetheless, beggars, particularly Roma ones, are still perceived by the public as a nuisance, like an issue that should be dealt with. Sensible to the pressure of its constituency, even Florence—a city with a tradition of openness and inclusion—has taken measures against begging and other similar street-level economic activities. Between 2007 and 2008, the first wave of city action in Florence was directed at windshield cleaners at traffic lights. Even though the policy was challenged, it produced the intended effect of removing such beggars from their posts. Today, a second wave of city action, visible since 2013 and based on a very loose municipal regulation, has taken the form of routine de facto pressure exerted by local police on beggars that aims to remove beggars from the touristic city center. In the following pages we will first present the historical background of the matter, from the nineteenth-century criminal approach to the decriminalization of adult begging under the pressure of the Italian Constitutional Court in the 1990s. Second, we turn to the local municipalities’ reaction to this change and explain how they tried to fill the space with a number of administrative measures—whose legitimacy may often still be questioned. Third, we focus on the experience of Florence by describing the mayor’s failed ordinances and the Regulation on Urban Police adopted in 2008 and currently in force. Finally, we present our ongoing work: specifically, the pending action against the alleged “data-base of beggars” and the activity against the potentially discriminatory police practice of fining beggars. In both cases, we will highlight how the Italian procedural system and culture seems to not support this kind of experimental public interest litigation

Critical role and therapeutic control of the lectin pathway of complement activation in an abortion-prone mouse mating

The abortion-prone mating combination CBA/J 7 DBA/2 has been recognized as a model of preeclampsia, and complement activation has been implicated in the high rate of pregnancy loss observed in CBA/J mice. We have analyzed the implantation sites collected from DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice for the deposition of the complement recognition molecules using CBA/J mated with BALB/c mice as a control group. MBL-A was observed in the implantation sites of CBA/J 7 DBA/2 combination in the absence of MBL-C and was undetectable in BALB/c-mated CBA/J mice. Conversely, C1q was present in both mating combinations. Searching for other complement components localized at the implantation sites of CBA/J 7 DBA/2, we found C4 and C3, but we failed to reveal C1r. These data suggest that complement is activated through the lectin pathway and proceeds to completion of the activation sequence as revealed by C9 deposition. MBL-A was detected as early as 3.5 d of pregnancy, and MBL-A deficiency prevented pregnancy loss in the abortion-prone mating combination. The contribution of the terminal complex to miscarriage was supported by the finding that pregnancy failure was largely inhibited by the administration of neutralizing Ab to C5. Treatment of DBA/2-mated CBA/J mice with Polyman2 that binds to MBL-A with high affinity proved to be highly effective in controlling the activation of the lectin pathway and in preventing fetal loss