Determinants of long acting and permanent contraceptive methods utilization among married women of reproductive age groups in western Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: in Ethiopia information on the level of utilization of the long-term and permanent contraceptive methods and associated factors is lacking. The aim of this study was to understand the determinant factors of long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods use among married women of reproductive age in Western Ethiopia. Methods: a community-based cross- sectional study design was employed. Multi-stage sampling was used to select 1003 study participants. Data was collected from April 10 to April 25,2014 using a pre- tested structured questionnaire. The data were entered using Epi-info version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify predictors of long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods at 95% CL. Results: use of long acting and permanent contraceptive methods in this study was found to be 20%. Survey results showed a significant positive association between utilization of long acting and permanent contraceptive methods andwomen's education (AOR=1.72, 95%CI = 1.02 - 3.05), women's occupation (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.11 -3.58), number of live children (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.46- 4.02), joint fertility related decision (AOR = 6.11, 95% CI: 2.29- 16.30) ,having radio/TV (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.40 - 3.80), and discussion with health care provider about long acting and permanent contraceptive methods (AOR = 13.72, 95% CI: 8.37 - 22.47). Conclusion: efforts need to be aimed at women empowerment, health education, and encouraging open discussion of family planning by couples

Rotavirus-associated acute diarrhea outbreak in West Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017

Introduction: rotavirus causes severe-diarrheal diseases in infants. An estimation of 138 million rotavirus-associated diarrheal cases and 215,000 deaths occur every year globally. In December 2016, West-Shewa zone in Ethiopia reported unidentified gastrointestinal diarrhea outbreak. We investigated to identify the causative agent of the outbreak to support response operations. Methods: medical records were reviewed, and the daily line list was collected from health facilities. Descriptive data analysis was done by time, person and place. Stool specimens were first tested by antigen capture enzyme immunoassay (EIA) technique and further confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as a gold standard. The product of RT-PCR was genotyped for each gene using G1-G4, G8-G9 and G12 primers for VP7 gene and P(4), P(6), P(8) and P(14) primers for VP4 gene. Results: a total of 1,987 diarrheal cases (5.7 per 1000) and five deaths (case-fatality rate 0.25%) were identified and epidemiologically-linked to confirmed rotavirus from December 2016 to February 2017. Among the cases, 1,946 (98%) were < 5 children. Fourteen (74%) of the 19 tested stool specimens were positive for rotavirus by EIA and RT-PCR. Majority of strains detected were G12P(6) (25%) and G-negative P(8) (25%) followed by G9P(8) (19%), G1P(8) (13%) and G3/G2 P(8), G12P(8), and G-negative P(6) (6% each). Conclusion: diarrheal outbreak which occurred in West-Shewa zone of Ethiopia was associated with rotavirus and relatively more affected districts with low vaccination coverage. Routine rotavirus vaccination quality and coverage should be evaluated and the surveillance system needs to be strengthened to detect, prevent and control a similar outbreak

Additional file 1: of Availability and affordability of essential medicines for children in the Western part of Ethiopia: implication for access

Medicine Price Data Collection Form. (XLSX 16 kb

Factors associated with unmet need for modern family planning among women living with HIV in western Ethiopia, March 2014.

<p>Factors associated with unmet need for modern family planning among women living with HIV in western Ethiopia, March 2014.</p

Demand for modern family planning among married women living with HIV in western Ethiopia, March 2014.

<p>Demand for modern family planning among married women living with HIV in western Ethiopia, March 2014.</p

Total demand for modern family planning among married/in union women living with HIV in Western Ethiopia, March 2014.

<p>Total demand for modern family planning among married/in union women living with HIV in Western Ethiopia, March 2014.</p

Modern family planning method utilization of married women living with HIV in western Ethiopia, March 2014.

<p>Modern family planning method utilization of married women living with HIV in western Ethiopia, March 2014.</p