Meningkatkan Heading Sepak Bola melalui Media Bola Plastik di Sdn 07 Sebabas

This study aims to determine the learning capacity building heading soccer balls using plastic media in the fifth grade students of State Elementary School 07 Sebabas Sekadau . Forms of research is classroom action research . Subjects in this study were fifth grade students of State Elementary School 07 Sebabas Sekadau . The total number of student class is about 36 students , consisting of 18 boys and 18 female student . Based on the results of research and discussion on the improvement of learning outcomes of heading soccer balls with plastic media concluded that in the first cycle are the result of the thoroughness with the number of 14 students , or of 38.9 % and students who have not completed totaled 22 students or 61.1 % . While the second cycle there is a category of student outcomes to complete all of the students passed the 36 students or equal to 100 % and unresolved amounted to 0 or does not exist

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of a rim driven thruster

An electric rim driven thruster is a relatively new marine propulsion device that uses a motor in its casing to drive a propeller by its rim and the fluid dynamics associated with their operation have not been fully investigated. There are many interacting flow features that make up the flow field of a rim driven thruster that pose a number of challenges when it comes to simulating the device using computational fluid dynamics. The purpose of this work is to develop a computational fluid dynamics solution process that accurately simulates features including vortex generation and behaviour, radial pumping and rotor-stator interaction while attempting to minimise computational costs. This will enable the method to be used to calculate an objective function, typically the thrust or propulsive efficiency of the device, in a design optimisation study. Implementation within a design optimisation study also requires the numerical methods to be easily repeatable and robust in both mesh generation and solution.Mesh generation was performed using snappyHexMesh, a meshing program that is part of OpenFOAM, and a thorough mesh verification procedure has been conducted. Validation of the computational fluid dynamics solution of a standard series propeller, as a baseline case with good experimental data from MARIN, using the open source Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes solver MRFSimpleFoam (part of the OpenFOAM software) has been performed. Results show a great sensitivity to computational domain size that suggest that similar previous works may have used an insuffcient domain size. In particular, it is shown that a number of boundary conditions may be used if the domain is large enough. Also, comparisons are made between the Re-Normalisation Group (RNG) k-e and k-w Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence models (the most widely reported models in the literature), and the k-w SST model is found to be robust due to its better handling of the separation that occurs at low propeller advance ratios. Validation against experimental data for the standard series propeller shows good agreement to within 5%.The validated solution method is then applied to a rim driven thruster and key design areas are highlighted by the results. The rim is found to be an important region of the flow, the drag on which comprises almost half of the torque losses in the device. Interaction between the rotors and the stators is also a key area, with both thrust and torque changing as the position of the blades is varied

Demand-Aware Network Design with Steiner Nodes and a Connection to Virtual Network Embedding

Emerging optical and virtualization technologies enable the design of more flexible and demand-aware networked systems, in which resources can be optimized toward the actual workload they serve. For example, in a demand-aware datacenter network, frequently communicating nodes (e.g., two virtual machines or a pair of racks in a datacenter) can be placed topologically closer, reducing communication costs and hence improving the overall network performance. This paper revisits the bounded-degree network design problem underlying such demand-aware networks. Namely, given a distribution over communicating server pairs, we want to design a network with bounded maximum degree that minimizes expected communication distance. In addition to this known problem, we introduce and study a variant where we allow Steiner nodes (i.e., additional routers) to be added to augment the network. We improve the understanding of this problem domain in several ways. First, we shed light on the complexity and hardness of the aforementioned problems, and study a connection between them and the virtual networking embedding problem. We then provide a constant-factor approximation algorithm for the Steiner node version of the problem, and use it to improve over prior state-of-the-art algorithms for the original version of the problem with sparse communication distributions. Finally, we investigate various heuristic approaches to bounded-degree network design problem, in particular providing a reliable heuristic algorithm with good experimental performance. We report on an extensive empirical evaluation, using several real-world traffic traces from datacenters, and find that our approach results in improved demand-aware network designs

Freeze Casting: From Low‐Dimensional Building Blocks to Aligned Porous Structures—A Review of Novel Materials, Methods, and Applications

Freeze casting, also known as ice templating, is a particularly versatile technique that has been applied extensively for the fabrication of well‐controlled biomimetic porous materials based on ceramics, metals, polymers, biomacromolecules, and carbon nanomaterials, endowing them with novel properties and broadening their applicability. The principles of different directional freeze‐casting processes are described and the relationships between processing and structure are examined. Recent progress in freeze‐casting assisted assembly of low dimensional building blocks, including graphene and carbon nanotubes, into tailored micro‐ and macrostructures is then summarized. Emerging trends relating to novel materials as building blocks and novel freeze‐cast geometries—beads, fibers, films, complex macrostructures, and nacre‐mimetic composites—are presented. Thereafter, the means by which aligned porous structures and nacre mimetic materials obtainable through recently developed freeze‐casting techniques and low‐dimensional building blocks can facilitate material functionality across multiple fields of application, including energy storage and conversion, environmental remediation, thermal management, and smart materials, are discussed.TU Berlin, Open-Access-Mittel - 202

Quantum affine Gelfand-Tsetlin bases and quantum toroidal algebra via K-theory of affine Laumon spaces

Laumon moduli spaces are certain smooth closures of the moduli spaces of maps from the projective line to the flag variety of GL_n. We construct the action of the quantum loop algebra U_v(Lsl_n) in the equivariant K-theory of Laumon spaces by certain natural correspondences. Also we construct the action of the quantum toroidal algebra U^{tor}_v(Lsl}_n) in the equivariant K-theory of the affine version of Laumon spaces. We write down explicit formulae for this action in the affine Gelfand-Tsetlin base, corresponding to the fixed point base in the localized equivariant K-theory.Comment: v2: multiple typos fixed, proofs of Theorems 4.13 and 4.19 expanded, 23 pages. v3: formulas of Theorems 4.9 and 4.13 corrected, resulting minor changes added. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0812.4656, arXiv:math/0503456, arXiv:0806.0072 by other author

Prevalence and Characteristics of Borderline Intellectual Functioning in a Cohort of Patients With Polysubstance Use Disorder

Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated demographic and clinical features of borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) among individuals with polysubstance use disorder (pSUD). Methods: We applied a cross-sectional analytical design to data from the Norwegian STAYER study (n = 162), a cohort study of patients with a pSUD from the Stavanger University hospital catchment area. We used Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) to define BIF (FSIQ = 70–85) and non-BIF (FSIQ = >85) and collected demographic and clinical data using semi-structured interviews and self-reports on the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Results: The prevalence of BIF was 18% in the present study. The presence of BIF was associated with higher SCL-90-R GSI scores than in the non-BIF group. There were no significant differences between the BIF and non-BIF groups regarding age, gender, participation in meaningful daily activity, years of work experience, years of education, satisfaction with life, level of care, treatment attempts, age at substance-use onset, years of substance use, history of injecting drugs, or age of onset of injecting drugs. Conclusion: The present study confirmed a higher prevalence of BIF among patients with pSUD than expected from the distribution of IQ scores in a general population. Elevated SCL-90-R GSI scores suggested that BIF is associated with increased psychological distress in patients receiving treatment for pSUD. Further studies on this association, and its effect on treatment procedure and outcomes are strongly warranted.publishedVersio

The Presence of VEGF Receptors on the Luminal Surface of Endothelial Cells Affects VEGF Distribution and VEGF Signaling

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent cytokine that binds to specific receptors on the endothelial cells lining blood vessels. The signaling cascade triggered eventually leads to the formation of new capillaries, a process called angiogenesis. Distributions of VEGF receptors and VEGF ligands are therefore crucial determinants of angiogenic events and, to our knowledge, no quantification of abluminal vs. luminal receptors has been performed. We formulate a molecular-based compartment model to investigate the VEGF distribution in blood and tissue in humans and show that such quantification would lead to new insights on angiogenesis and VEGF-dependent diseases. Our multiscale model includes two major isoforms of VEGF (VEGF121 and VEGF165), as well as their receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) and the non-signaling co-receptor neuropilin-1 (NRP1). VEGF can be transported between tissue and blood via transendothelial permeability and the lymphatics. VEGF receptors are located on both the luminal and abluminal sides of the endothelial cells. In this study, we analyze the effects of the VEGF receptor localization on the endothelial cells as well as of the lymphatic transport. We show that the VEGF distribution is affected by the luminal receptor density. We predict that the receptor signaling occurs mostly on the abluminal endothelial surface, assuming that VEGF is secreted by parenchymal cells. However, for a low abluminal but high luminal receptor density, VEGF binds predominantly to VEGFR1 on the abluminal surface and VEGFR2 on the luminal surface. Such findings would be pertinent to pathological conditions and therapies related to VEGF receptor imbalance and overexpression on the endothelial cells and will hopefully encourage experimental receptor quantification for both luminal and abluminal surfaces on endothelial cells

Endothelial cells decode VEGF-mediated Ca2+ signaling patterns to produce distinct functional responses

A single extracellular stimulus can promote diverse behaviors among isogenic cells by differentially regulated signaling networks. We examined Ca2+ signaling in response to VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), a growth factor that can stimulate different behaviors in endothelial cells. We found that altering the amount of VEGF signaling in endothelial cells by stimulating them with different VEGF concentrations triggered distinct and mutually exclusive dynamic Ca2+ signaling responses that correlated with different cellular behaviors. These behaviors were cell proliferation involving the transcription factor NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) and cell migration involving MLCK (myosin light chain kinase). Further analysis suggested that this signal decoding was robust to the noisy nature of the signal input. Using probabilistic modeling, we captured both the stochastic and deterministic aspects of Ca2+ signal decoding and accurately predicted cell responses in VEGF gradients, which we used to simulate different amounts of VEGF signaling. Ca2+ signaling patterns associated with proliferation and migration were detected during angiogenesis in developing zebrafish