Racism and corruption: cross-sectional case of the US

Usando datos de búsqueda de Google de corte transversal implementado por Stephens- Davidowitz (2014) para capturar el odio racial en cada estado de los Estados Unidos, encontramos una relación positiva y significativa entre racismo y corrupción en las tres ramas de poder gubernamental, especialmente en la rama judicial -- Desde la terminación de la guerra civil norteamericana, los estados que permitan la esclavitud como actividad económica comenzaron a discriminar a la minoría Afroamericana y violar sus derechos fundamentales por medio de sentencias en las cortes locales -- Adicionalmente, un 1% de incremento en el odio racial estimado disminuye la probabilidad de permanecer en los niveles menores de corrupción percibida e incrementa las posibilidades hasta de un 2% de pasar a un alto nivel de corrupciónUsing cross-section Google search data implemented by Stephens-Davidowitz (2014) to capture racial hate in every single state of the United States, we found a positive and significant relationship between racism and corruption in the three branches of government, specially the Judicial branch -- Since the termination of the Civil War, states that used to perform slavery as an economic activity started to discriminate the African-American minority and harm their fundamental rights through sentences in local courts -- Additionally, 1% increase in the estimated racial hate decreases the probability to stay in the lowest levels of perceived corruption and increases the chances up to 2% to pass to a \very Common" level of corruptio

Characterization of Banach valued BMO functions and UMD Banach spaces by using Bessel convolutions

In this paper we consider the space $BMO_o(\mathbb{R},X)$ of bounded mean oscillations and odd functions on $\mathbb{R}$ taking values in a UMD Banach space $X$. The functions in $BMO_o(\mathbb{R},X)$ are characterized by Carleson type conditions involving Bessel convolutions and $\gamma$-radonifying norms. Also we prove that the UMD Banach spaces are the unique Banach spaces for which certain $\gamma$-radonifying Carleson inequalities for Bessel-Poisson integrals of $BMO_o(\mathbb{R},X)$ functions hold.Comment: 29 page

Characterization of UMD Banach spaces by imaginary powers of Hermite and Laguerre operators

In this paper we characterize the Banach spaces with the UMD property by means of Lp-boundedness properties for the imaginary powers of the Hermite and Laguerre operators. In order to do this we need to obtain pointwise representations for the Laplace transform type multipliers associated with Hermite and Laguerre operators.Comment: 17 page

Variable exponent Hardy spaces associated with discrete Laplacians on graphs

In this paper we develop the theory of variable exponent Hardy spaces associated with discrete Laplacians on infinite graphs. Our Hardy spaces are defined by square integrals, atomic and molecular decompositions. Also we study boundedness properties of Littlewood-Paley functions, Riesz transforms, and spectral multipliers for discrete Laplacians on variable exponent Hardy spaces

A model for spatial monitoring of exhaust gas emissions produced by urban public transport

This study describes the development of a mock model of exhaust pipe emissions from the Urban Public Transport System (UPTS). The aim is to use this tool to calculate and monitor emissions produced by the UPTS vehicles that circulate in an established area. The model enables the user to determine the emission produced by STPP units (global and separated by its chemical and physical components in grams), per area unit (cell) and in a period of time (day or hour), both values established by the user. The calculated methodology is described, and simplified examples of the calculations are presented.Fil: Olguin, Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mesa, Nestor Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentin

Racism and judicial corruption in the US

Is racial hate reflected in the degree of judicial corruption? Using US state-level data, we find racial hate to be a positive and statistically powerful predictor of judicial corruption. This relationship prevails after the inclusion of the conventional control variables and regional fixed effects. In terms of magnitude, one standard deviation increase of racial hate relates to an increase of 70 percent of one standard deviation in corruption. Interestingly, no such relationship can be found for corruption in the executive or legislative branch

Determination of sustainable urban densities based on a methodology related to solar access: study case of the metropolitan area of Mendoza, Argentina

Uno de los retos actuales a nivel de diseño y planificación urbana consiste en la trasformación de las urbes actuales en modelos de ciudades que contemplen el cuidado del medio ambiente y la mejora de la calidad de vida de los habitantes. Los estudios realizados denotan que los conglomerados de baja densidad poblacional son los más contaminantes (Cepeda y Mardaras, 2004; Norman, Maclean, Asce & Kennedy, 2006) en consecuencia una de las mejoras urbanas a fomentar es la densificación de las ciudades. No obstante, los niveles poblacionales no son únicos y estándar es, sino que deben encontrarse en relación con las características propias de cada sector. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal desarrollar una metodología de cálculo que permita determinar niveles poblacionales máximos contemplando los requerimientos bioclimáticos de la ciudad y garantizando el acceso al sol más igualitario para todos los habitantes de la urbe. urbe. La misma es aplicada en el Área Metropolita de Mendoza y denota que las dimensiones de las manzanas y el ancho de las calles limitan la capacidad constructiva del sector y, en consecuencia, la cantidad de personas albergable. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de las densidades poblaciones máximas para los distintos sectores, las que varían entre los 49 y 400 habitantes por hectárea, siendo las manzanas angostas con calles estrechas las de menor capacidad.One of the current challenges in terms of design and urban planning involves the transformation of existing cities in models of cities that take care of the environment and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants. Studies indicate that clusters of low population density are the most polluting, (Cepeda y Mardaras, 2004; Norman, Maclean, Asce & Kennedy, 2006) consequently urban densification is one improvement to promote. However, population levels are not unique and standard, but must be found in relation to the characteristics of each urban area. This work has as main objective to develop a methodology of calculation to determine maximum population levels considering the bioclimatic requirements of the city and ensuring more equitable access to sunlight for all the inhabitants of the city. The same is applied in the Metropolitan Area of Mendoza and denotes that the dimensions of the blocks and the width of the streets limit the constructive capacity of the sector and consequently the number of people accommodating. The results obtained indicate that the maximum population densities for the different sectors vary between 49 and 400 inhabitants per hectare, with narrow blocks with narrow streets being the ones with the lowest capacity.&nbsp

Conical square functions associated with Bessel, Laguerre and Schr\"odinger operators in UMD Banach spaces

In this paper we consider conical square functions in the Bessel, Laguerre and Schr\"odinger settings where the functions take values in UMD Banach spaces. Following a recent paper of Hyt\"onen, van Neerven and Portal, in order to define our conical square functions, we use $\gamma$-radonifying operators. We obtain new equivalent norms in the Lebesgue-Bochner spaces $L^p((0,\infty ),\mathbb{B})$ and $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{B})$, $1<p<\infty$, in terms of our square functions, provided that $\mathbb{B}$ is a UMD Banach space. Our results can be seen as Banach valued versions of known scalar results for square functions

Discrete harmonic analysis associated with ultraspherical expansions

We study discrete harmonic analysis associated with ultraspherical orthogonal functions. We establish weighted l^p-boundedness properties of maximal operators and Littlewood-Paley g-functions defined by Poisson and heat semigroups generated by certain difference operator. We also prove weighted l^p-boundedness properties of transplantation operators associated to the system of ultraspherical functions. In order to show our results we previously establish a vector-valued local Calder\'on-Zygmund theorem in our discrete setting

Solutions of Weinstein equations representable by Bessel Poisson integrals of BMO functions

We consider the Weinstein type equation $\mathcal{L}_\lambda u=0$ on $(0,\infty )\times (0,\infty )$, where $\mathcal{L}_\lambda=\partial _t^2+\partial _x^2-\frac{\lambda (\lambda -1)}{x^2}$, with $\lambda >1$. In this paper we characterize the solutions of $\mathcal{L}_\lambda u=0$ on $(0,\infty )\times(0,\infty )$ representable by Bessel-Poisson integrals of BMO-functions as those ones satisfying certain Carleson properties