Trends in funding research and international collaboration on greenhouse gas emissions: A bibliometric approach.

[EN] The Web of Science Core Collection platform was used to withdraw the papers included in this study. The studied period comprised from inception till 2018. Trends in research, journals of publication, subject areas of research, keywords most frequently used, countries of publication, international collaboration, and trends of funding research were also analyzed. A total of 3902 articles were published, most of them (52.5%) during the five-year period 2014-2018. The area with the highest number of papers was environmental sciences (41%), followed by energy fuels (16.6%) and engineering environmental (15.7%). "Nitrous oxide emissions" was the most frequent word, followed by "Carbon dioxide emissions" and "Methane emissions". Other words that stood out were "Life cycle assessment", "Climate change" and "Environmental impacts". The United States was the country with the highest productivity (27.9%), followed by China (12.8%) and the United Kingdom (9.6%). There was a concentration of research in recent years, as more than 80% of the papers were published in the last 10 years. The journals that published the largest number of publications were devoted mainly to environmental studies (sciences and engineering), sustainable and green science and technology, energy and fuels, economics, and agriculture. Half of the works were published in Europe and the other half between North America and Asia. Two thirds of the works (67%) were financed compared to a third that were not financed. The percentage of funded works has been increasing over the last decade, which is seen as an indication of the importance of GHGE.Aleixandre Tudo, J.; Castelló-Cogollos, L.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL.; Aleixandre-Benavent, R. (2021). Trends in funding research and international collaboration on greenhouse gas emissions: A bibliometric approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28(25):32330-32346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12776-232330323462825Aleixandre-Benavent R, Aleixandre-Tudó JL, Castelló-Cogollos L, Aleixandre JL (2017) Trends in scientific research on climate change in agriculture and forestry subject areas (2005-2014). J Clean Prod 147:406–418Aleixandre-Tudó JL, Bolaños-Pizarro M, Aleixandre JL, Aleixandre-Benavent R (2019a) Current trends in scientific research on global warming: a bibliometric analysis. Int J Global Warming 17:142–169Aleixandre-Tudó JL, Castelló-Cogollos L, Aleixandre JL, Aleixandre-Benavent R (2019b) Renewable energies: worldwide trends in research, funding and international collaboration. Renew Energy 139:268–278Aznar-Sanchez JA, Belmonte-Urena LJ, Velasco-Munoz JF, Manzano-Agugliaro F (2018) Economic analysis of sustainable water use: a review of worldwide research. J Clean Prod 198:1120–1132Batagelj V, Mrvar A (2002) Analysis and visualization of large networks. Lect Notes Comput Sci 2265:477e478Boden TA, Marland G, Andres RJ (2017) National CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement manufacture, and gas flaring: 1751–2014. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy. https://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/00001_V2017Chavarro D, Rafols I, Tang P (2018) To what extent is inclusion in the Web of Science an indicator of journal 'quality'? Res Evaluat 27:106–118Chung JW, Meltzer DO (2009) Estimate of the carbon footprint of the US Health Care sector. J Am Med Assoc 302:1970–1972Dalpe R (2002) Bibliometric analysis of biotechnology. Scientometrics 55:189e213Dwyer L, Forsyth P, Spurr R, Hoque S (2010) Estimating the carbon footprint of Australian tourism. J Sustain Tour 18:355–376Dodman D (2009) Blaming cities for climate change? An analysis of urban greenhouse gas emissions inventories. Environ Urban 21:185–201Englade AJ, Jin G (2006) Application of biotechnology in waste management for sustainable development: an overview. Manage Environ Qual Int J 17:467–477Fearnside PM (2000) Global warming and tropical land-use change: greenhouse gas emissions from biomass burning, decomposition and soils in forest conversion, shifting cultivation and secondary vegetation. Clim Chang 46:115–118Figueroa JD, Fout T, Plasynski S, Mellvried H, Srivastava RD (2008) Advances in CO2 capture technology—the US Department of Energy´s Carbon Sequestration Program. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control 2:9–20Gingras Y, Khelfaoui M (2018) Assessing the effect of the United States “citation advantage” on other countries' scientific impact as measured in the Web of Science (WoS) database. Scientometrics 114:517–532Goek A, Rigby J, Shapira P (2016) The impact of research funding on scientific outputs: evidence from six smaller European countries. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 67:715–730Hache E, Palle A (2019) Renewable energy source integration into power networks, research trends and policy implications: a bibliometric and research actors survey analysis. Energy Policy 124:23–25Haunnschild R, Bornmann L, Marx V (2016) Climate change research in view of bibliometrics. PLoS One 11:1e19Hertwich EG, Peters GP (2009) Carbon footprint of Nations: a global, trade-linked analysis. Environ Sci Technol 43:6414–6420Husain S, Mushtaq M (2015) Research assessment of climate change data: a scientometric construct. Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries Special Issue 183e194IPCC (2014). Climate Change 2014: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A: global and sectorial aspects. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, USA, pp 1-32Iribarren D, Vázquez-Rowe I, Hospido A, Moreira MT, Feijoo T (2010) Estimation of the carbon footprint of the Galician fishing activity (NW Spain). Sci Total Environ 408:5284–5294Jacob BA, Lefgren L (2011) The impact of research grant funding on scientific productivity. J Public Econ 95(9-10):1168–1177Lacis AA, Schmidt GA, Rind D, Ruedy RA (2010) Atmospheric CO2: principal control knob governing earth´s temperature. Science 330:356–359Lee KH (2011) Integrating carbon footprint into supply chain management: the case of Hunday Motor Company in the automobile industry. J Clean Prod 19:1216–1223Leydesdorff L, Wagner C, Bornmann L (2014) The European Union, China, and the United States in the top-1% and top-10% layers of most-frequently cited publications: competition and collaborations. J Inf Secur 8:606–617Martin-Martin A, Orduna-Malea E, Lopez-Cozar E (2018) Coverage of highly-cited documents in Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus: a multidisciplinary comparison. Scientometrics 116:2175–2188Meehl GA, Washington WM, Collins WD, Arblaster JM, Hu A, Buja LE, Strand WG, Teng H (2005) How much more global warming and sea level rise? Science 307:1769–1772McKain K, Wofsy SC, Nehrkorn T, Eluszkiewicz J, Ehleringer JR, Stephen BB (2012) Assessment of ground-based atmospheric observations for verification of greenhouse gas emissions from an urban region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:8423–8428Meinshausen M, Meinshausen N, Hare W, Raper SCB, Frieler K, Knutti R, Frame DJ, Allen MR (2009) Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 degrees C. Nature 458(7242):1158–1162Mongeon P, Paul-Hus A (2016) The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: a comparative analysis. Scientometrics 106:213–228Mosier A, Kroeze C, Nevison C, Oenema O, Seitzinger S, van Cleemput O (1998) Closing the global N(2)O budget: nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural nitrogen cycle—OECD/IPCC/IEA phase II development of IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventory methodology. Nut Cycling Agroeco 52:225–248Penela AC, García-Negro MC, Quesada JLD (2009) A methodological proposal for corporate carbon footprint and its application to a wine-producing company in Galicia. Sustainability 1:302–318Paris Agreement (2015) Adopted at the XXI international conference on climate change (COP21) in December 2015Parsons D (2009) The environmental impact of engineering education in Australia. Int J Life Cycle Assess 14:175–183Paul-Hus A, Desrochers N, Costas R (2016) Characterization, description, and considerations for the use of funding acknowledgement data in Web of Science. Scientometrics 108:167–182Patz JA, Grabow ML, Limaye VS (2014) When it rains, it pours: future climate extremes and health. Ann Global Health 80:332–344Raper S, Braithwaite RJ (2006) Low sea level rise projections from mountain glaciers and icecaps under global warming. Nature 439:311–313Riahi K, Rao S, Krey V, Cho CH, Chirkov V, Fischer G, Kindermann G, Nakicenovic N, Rafaj P (2011) RCP 8.5-A scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions. Clim Chang 109:33–57Searchinger T, Heimlich R, Houghton RA, Dong F, Elobeid A, Fabiosa J, Tokgoz S, Hayes D, Yu TH (2008) Use of US croplands for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from and-use change. Science 319(5867):1238–1240Snyder CS, Bruulsema TW, Jensen TL, Fixen PE (2009) Review of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production systems and fertilizer management effects. Agric Ecosyst Environ 133:247–266Samaras C, Meisterling K (2008) Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from plug-in hybrid vehicles: implications for policy. Environ Sci Technol 42:3170–3176Shine KP, Fuglestvedt JS, Hailemariam K, Stuber N (2005) Alternatives to the global warming potential for comparing climate impacts of emissions of greenhouse gases. Clim Chang 68:281–302Song Y, Zhao TZ (2013) A bibliometric analysis of global forest ecology research during 2002–2011. Springerplus 2:204United States Environmental Protection Agency (2019) Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data. Accessed 11/07/2019. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data#Country.van Vuuren DP, Hoogwijk M, Barker T, Riahi K, Boeters S, Chateau J, Scrieciu S, van Vliet J, Masui T, Blok K, Blomen E, Kram T (2009) Comparison of top-down and bottom-up estimates of sectoral and regional greenhouse gas emissions reduction potentials. Energy Policy 37(12):5125–5139Woodcock J, Edwards P, Tonne C, Armstrong BG, Ashiru O, Banister D, Beevers S, Chalabi Z, Chowdhury Z, Cohen A, Franco OH, Haines A, Hickman R, Lindsay G, Mittal I, Mohan D, Tiwari G, Woodward A, Roberts I (2009) Health and Climate Change 2 Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: urban land transport. Lancet 374(9705):1930–1943Yan E, Wu C, Song M (2018) The funding factor: a cross-disciplinary examination of the association between research funding and citation impact. Scientometrics 115:369–384Yang L, Chen Z, Xiong Z, Liu Y, Ying X (2015) Comparison study of landfill gas emissions from subtropical landfill with various phases: a case study in Wuhan, China. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 65:980–986Yang L, Chen Z, Liu T, Gong Z, Yu Y, Wang J (2013) Global trends of solid waste research from 1997 to 2011 by using bibliometric analysis. 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Journals' policies of storage and reuse of raw research data

This presentation shows the analysis of 5 subject categories of the JCR about the open-data policies concerning the availability of raw data in that journals. Moreover, it shows the relation of these policies with the impact factor and the quartile

Worldwide Scientific Research on Nanotechnology: A Bibliometric Analysis of Tendencies, Funding, and Challenges

This document is the unedited Author¿s version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02141.[EN] The main objective of this investigation was to analyze the scientific production in global research on nanotechnology, integrating scientific production, funding of studies, collaborations between countries, and the most cited publications. The source for obtaining the research papers for our analysis was the Science Citation Index Expanded from the Web of Science. A total of 3546 documents were extracted during the period of 1997-2018. Food science & technology, chemistry (applied and analytical), spectroscopy, and agriculture appeared as the main areas where the articles were published. Most prolific and cited journals were Analytical Methods, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, and Food Chemistry. The co-word analysis showed the relationships between "nanoparticles", which is the central word, and "silver nanoparticles", "delivery systems", and "zincnanoparticles". The most productive countries were China (1089 papers), the United States (523), Iran (427), and India (359). The main cited topics deal with the biomedical applications of nanoparticles, its synthesis from plants, and its applications in food science. The results highlight an important collaboration between institutions and countries. The availability of funding for research in nanotechnology was remarkable compared to other fields. The multidisciplinarity of the nanotechnology field is one of the main features as well as one of the central findings.Aleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Bolaños Pizarro, M.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL.; Aleixandre-Benavent, R. (2020). Worldwide Scientific Research on Nanotechnology: A Bibliometric Analysis of Tendencies, Funding, and Challenges. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 68(34):9158-9170. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02141S915891706834Ranjan, S., Dasgupta, N., & Lichtfouse, E. (Eds.). (2016). Nanoscience in Food and Agriculture 1. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39303-2National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). National Nanotechnology Initiative Strategic Plan; NSTC: Washington, D.C., 2016; https://www.nano.gov/sites/default/files/pub_resource/2016-nni-strategic-plan.pdf (accessed June 11, 2020.Durán, N., & Marcato, P. D. (2012). Nanobiotechnology perspectives. Role of nanotechnology in the food industry: a review. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 48(6), 1127-1134. doi:10.1111/ijfs.12027Chaudhry, Q., Castle, L., & Watkins, R. (Eds.). (2010). Nanotechnologies in Food. Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Series. doi:10.1039/9781847559883Duncan, T. V. (2011). Applications of nanotechnology in food packaging and food safety: Barrier materials, antimicrobials and sensors. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 363(1), 1-24. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2011.07.017Chen, W.-T., Chan, A., Jovic, V., Sun-Waterhouse, D., Murai, K., Idriss, H., & Waterhouse, G. I. N. (2014). Effect of the TiO2 Crystallite Size, TiO2 Polymorph and Test Conditions on the Photo-Oxidation Rate of Aqueous Methylene Blue. Topics in Catalysis, 58(2-3), 85-102. doi:10.1007/s11244-014-0348-7WATERHOUSE, G. (2004). Influence of catalyst morphology on the performance of electrolytic silver catalysts for the partial oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde. Applied Catalysis A: General, 266(2), 257-273. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.02.015Chen, W.-T., Chan, A., Sun-Waterhouse, D., Moriga, T., Idriss, H., & Waterhouse, G. I. N. (2015). Ni/TiO2: A promising low-cost photocatalytic system for solar H2 production from ethanol–water mixtures. Journal of Catalysis, 326, 43-53. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2015.03.008Allen, M. W., Zemlyanov, D. Y., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Metson, J. B., Veal, T. D., McConville, C. F., & Durbin, S. M. (2011). Polarity effects in the x-ray photoemission of ZnO and other wurtzite semiconductors. Applied Physics Letters, 98(10), 101906. doi:10.1063/1.3562308Leveneur, J., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Kennedy, J., Metson, J. B., & Mitchell, D. R. G. (2011). Nucleation and Growth of Fe Nanoparticles in SiO2: A TEM, XPS, and Fe L-Edge XANES Investigation. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 115(43), 20978-20985. doi:10.1021/jp206357cWaterhouse, G. I. N., Chen, W.-T., Chan, A., Jin, H., Sun-Waterhouse, D., & Cowie, B. C. C. (2015). Structural, Optical, and Catalytic Support Properties of γ-Al2O3 Inverse Opals. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 119(12), 6647-6659. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b00437Murdoch, M., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Nadeem, M. A., Metson, J. B., Keane, M. A., Howe, R. F., … Idriss, H. (2011). 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Trends in scientific research on climate change in agriculture and forestry subject areas (2005-2014)

[EN] The term "Climate change" involves an alteration of the mean and variability of the climate properties. It implies unusual variations in the planet earth atmosphere, which causes related effect on other parts of the planet. The reduction in the land crops annual yield is derived from those alterations. The objective of this paper was to contribute to a better understanding of the scientific knowledge of climate change and its effect concerning agriculture and investigate its evolution through published papers. The items under study were obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) platform from Thomson Reuters. A bibliometric and social network analysis was performed to determine the indicators of scientific productivity, impact and collaboration between authors, institutions and countries. A subject analysis taking into account the key words assigned to papers and subject areas of journals was also carried out. A total of 1471 articles were included in the selected subject categories in WOS from 2005 until 2014. More than 50% of the papers were published in the last three years. The papers were published in 302 different journals. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the most productive institution (n = 70), followed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (n = 58) and the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, France) (n = 47). The Canadian Forest Service has the most citations (n = 1456). The most frequent keywords were CO2, adaptation, model, temperature and impact. The network of collaboration between institutions and countries involve both centres from developed and developing countries and the central position of the United States, together with other leading countries, such as China, Canada, Australia, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Twenty papers received more than 100 citations, most of them concerned with emerging risks that climate change causes on forests, the impact on the forest ecosystems, the effect on plant diseases and adaptation options.Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Aleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Castelló-Cogollos, L.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2017). Trends in scientific research on climate change in agriculture and forestry subject areas (2005-2014). Journal of Cleaner Production. 147:406-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.112S40641814

Effect of leaf removal and Shoot Topping on the aromatic composition of White wines

[EN] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of canopy treatments on the aromatic composition and sensory qualities of Muscatel wines produced in the Valencia Region (Spain). The evaluation was conducted during 2008 and 2009 in an experimental field on vines in a vertical trellis system. The canopy treatments were made in the form of leaf removal and shoot topping using three different rootstocks (Couderc 3309, Paulsen 1103 and Ruggeri 140). The vine canopies of the control plants were given no treatment. Ripening was monitored by evaluating the content of soluble solids, total acidity and pH from veraison to harvest. 50 Kg grape samples were microvinificated, after which an evaluation was made of the aromatic composition and sensory attributes of the wines by gas chromatography. A sensory analysis was performed using a panel of wine expert tasters. The results of sugar accumulation in the grapes showed that leaf removal was the best canopy treatment in every plant rootstock. Lower yield was observed with both leaf removal and shoot topping. The highest concentration of aromatic compounds (acetates, alcohols, ethyl esters, fatty acids and monoterpenes) was found in wines made from the vines on Couderc 3309 rootstock who underwent to leaf removal and shoot topping. The wines from Couderc 3309 also obtained the highest scores in the sensory analysis. The wines from vines with leaf removal were the highest rated, while those from plants whose shoots had been topped were the lowest rated, regardless of the rootstock used.The authors would like to express their thanks for the financial support received for this project from the Agricultural Council of the Regional Government of The Valencian Community (Spain).Aleixandre-Tudó, JL.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2019). Effect of leaf removal and Shoot Topping on the aromatic composition of White wines. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research. 6(11):66-77. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/158242S667761

Measuring Time-Dynamics and Time-Stability of Journal Rankings in Mathematics and Physics by Means of Fractional p-Variations

[EN] Journal rankings of specific research fields are often used for evaluation purposes, both of authors and institutions. These rankings can be defined by means of several methods, as expert assessment, scholarly-based agreements, or by the ordering induced by a numeric index associated to the prestige of the journals. In order to be efficient and accepted by the research community, it must preserve the ordering over time, at least up to a point. Otherwise, the procedure for defining the ranking must be revised to assure that it reflects the presumably stable characteristic prestige that it claims to be quantifying. A mathematical model based on fractional p-variations of the values of the order number of each journal in a time series of journal rankings is explained, and its main properties are shown. As an example, we study the evolution of two given ordered lists of journals through an eleven-year series. These journal ranks are defined by using the 2-year Impact Factor of Thomson-Reuters (nowadays Clarivate Analytics) lists for MATHEMATICS and PHYSICS, APPLIED from 2002 to 2013. As an application of our model, we define an index that precludes the use of journal ranks for evaluation purposes when some minimal requirements on the associated fractional p-variations are not satisfied. The final conclusion is that the list of mathematics does not satisfy the requirements on the p-variations, while the list of applied physics does.The work of the first author was supported by Ministerio de Economi, Industria y Competitividad, Spain, under Research Grant CSO2015-65594-C2-1R Y 2R (MINECO/FEDER, UE). The work of the third author was supported by Ministerio de Economi, Industria y Competitividad, Spain, under Research Grant MTM2016-77054-C2-1-P. We did not receive any funds for covering the costs to publish in open access.Ferrer Sapena, A.; Díaz Novillo, S.; Sánchez Pérez, EA. (2017). Measuring Time-Dynamics and Time-Stability of Journal Rankings in Mathematics and Physics by Means of Fractional p-Variations. Publications. 5(3):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications5030021S1145

Chemical and sensory characteristics of the sparkling and natural ciders stored in different types of containers

[EN] The cider industry is becoming more prolific in many parts of the world, and with the growing demand for cider comes a growing demand for high-quality ciders from traditional cider-growing regions. The main goal of the project was to study the chemical and sensory characteristics of the sparkling and natural ciders stored in different types of containers after three month of preservation at 23¿C in the temperature controlled storage room. Sparkling is a sweet, carbonated cider formulated for the export market, while the natural is a traditional dry and acidic cider, but appealing to cider enthusiasts. Both ciders wereput into different containers, including plastic kegs, beer bottles, and plastic bottles systems. Over the course of three months, samples were taken from the ciders and subject to chemical and sensory analyses for quality control, with kegs and glass bottles retaining cider quality well. Theresults show that plastic and metal kegs seem to have preserved Natural cider better than the control standard bottles, while plastic bottles system did a worse job preserving the cider. Beer bottles did a good job in preserving the cider, as well.Plotkoski, D.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2016). Chemical and sensory characteristics of the sparkling and natural ciders stored in different types of containers. International journal of research studies in agricultural sciences. 2(9):21-34. https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0209004S21342

Bibliometric analysis of publications by South African viticulture and oenology research centres

We analysed the production, impact factor of, and scientific collaboration involved in viticulture and oenology articles associated with South African research centres published in international journals during the period 1990¿2009. The articles under scrutiny were obtained from the Science Citation Index database, accessed via the Web of Knowledge platform. The search strategy employed specific viticulture and oenology terms and was restricted to the field `topic¿. The results showed that 406 articles were published during the review period, with the most number of publications being in the South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture (n = 34), American Journal of Enology and Viticulture (n = 16) and Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (n = 16). The articles were published by 851 authors from 236 institutions. The collaboration rate was 3.7 authors per article, having grown over the two decades examined. The most productive institutions (i.e. those receiving a greater number of citations) were Stellenbosch University (219 published articles and 2592 citations) and the Agricultural Research Council (49 published articles and 454 citations), both from South Africa. Graphical representation of co-authorship networks identified 18 groups of authors and a single network of institutions whose core is Stellenbosch University. In conclusion, we have identified a significant growth in South African viticulture and oenology research in recent years, with a high degree of internationalisation and a constant level of domestic collaboration.Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; González Alcaide, G.; Ferrer Sapena, A.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL.; Du Toit, W. (2012). Bibliometric analysis of publications by South African viticulture and oenology research centres. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 108(5-6):74-84. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajs.v108i5/6.661S74841085-

Grapevine vigour and within vineyard variability: a review

[EN] Vine vigour involves the production capacity of the vine. Production capacity encompasses shoot and leaf production, as well as grape production. It would benefit grape production systems to find the correct balance between the vegetative growth (shoot and leaf ¿production¿) and reproductive development (grape production). One could optimise vine performance by improving vine balance. Vine balance and optimal vine performance are functions of the vine¿s production capacity, including vine vigour, crop load and crop level. Different ratios exist with regard to vine vigour and crop load, namely yield: shoot weight, yield/leaf surface and shoot weight/leaf surface. These three ratios describe the growth-yield relationship and their goal is to quantify vine vigour. Many factors influence the growth-yield relationship such as climatic and soil conditions as well as vineyard management practices. The influential factors are diverse and differ on a local and global scale with regard to viticulture. Variability exists not only with regard to climate, soil conditions and cultural practices, but also in the vineyard. This is known as withinvineyard variability. Spatial variation in vine vigour can occur even if vines are of the same age, clone and uniformly managed. Therefore it could be beneficial to the grower to understand within-vineyard variability by focusing on achieving balanced vegetative growth and reproductive development for each vine within a vineyard.Steyn, J.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2016). Grapevine vigour and within vineyard variability: a review. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research. 7(2):1056-1065. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/97767S105610657

Analysis of the collaboration between the US and the EU in viticulture and Oenology

[EN] The network of scientific collaboration in viticulture and oenology between the United States and the European Union was studied for the period 1991-2010. A total of 498 articles were published collaboratively during this time. The most collaborative institutions in the US were the University of California Davis and Cornell University (New York), and the most collaborative institutions in the EU were Institut Nationale de la Recherche Agronomique (France), the Italian universities of Milan, Bologna and Udine, and the Spanish University of Barcelona. We note a considerable increase in collaboration in recent years, with the University of California Davis situated in a central position in the network.Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Aleixandre Tudo, J.; González-Alcaide, G.; Aleixandre Benavent, JL. (2013). Analysis of the collaboration between the US and the EU in viticulture and Oenology. Italian Journal of Food Science. 25:1-13. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/75530S1132