The Impact of Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Strategy on Knowledge Management in GCC Countries

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of leadership, organizational culture and strategy on knowledge management. To date, little empirical research has been done to investigate the relationships and organizational outcomes of these constructs. This study, therefore, is unique in that it has helped to fill this gap in an effort to improve our understanding of organizational culture, strategy and leadership on knowledge management.in the GCC environment and beyond.A survey was conducted of eight telecommunication companies located and operating in GCC countries. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the relationship among variables. The results suggest that knowledge management fully mediates the impact of organizational culture on organizational effectiveness, and partially mediates the impact of organizational leadership and strategy on organizational effectiveness. The findings carry theoretical implications for knowledge management literature as they extend the scope of research on knowledge management from examining a set of independent management practices to examining a system-wide mechanism that connects internal resources and competitive advantage. The results providing empirical evidence to the connection between leadership, organizational culture, strategy and knowledge management. Further, culture has a larger contribution to knowledge management than other factors inspected. Keywords: Leadership, Organizational culture, Knowledge management, Organizational strateg

Effect of Aqueous Extract Cyperus rotundus Tubers as Antioxidant on Liver and Kidney Functions in Albino Males Rats Exposed to Cadmium Chloride Toxic

          The experiment was conducted in two stages: first stage: determination of the most effective dose of Cyperus rotundus tubers aquatic extract in male rats for 5 days, which was concentrated as (200 mg/kg body weight). The second stage was designed to observe and test the protective effects of C. rotundus tubers aquatic extract in the liver and kidney functions of male rats exposed to cadmium chloride poisoning (5 mg/kg bw) for 30 days. The animals were divided into (4) groups within each group (5) animals weighted (200-220g). The results of oral dose of cadmium chloride showed a significant increase of (P˂0.05) in the activity of both enzymes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-). And a significant decrease (P˂0.05) in the values ​​of total protein, albumin, globulin and glutathione (GSH) compared with the control group. The oral dosage of the C. rotundus tubers aquatic extract resulted in a significant increase in GSH. The values ​​of each were not significantly different ALT, AST, ALP, Glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, MDA and peroxy nitrite Compare with control group. The results of the oral dosage with (C. rotundus tubers aquatic extract + cadmium chloride) showed a positive effect on these values ​​compared with the control group and cadmium chloride. It is concluded that the C. rotundus tubers aquatic extract has protective effects and reduces the effects that cadmium chloride can cause in rats liver and kidney functions through its antioxidant activity and removal of free radicals

Best value procurement for contractor selection in the Malaysian construction industry

Construction activities are generally prone to risks, which affect the final project performance. Therefore, a construction client must ensure that the most crucial task of selecting a suitable contractor is successfully carried out to achieve an acceptable project results. This study is aimed to assess a list of contractor selection criteria that are contributed with best value procurement (BVP) in Malaysia. A total of 31 selection factors have been identified. 26 respondents to this study were asked to assess the importance of the identified factors. Moreover, the respondents were also asked about the actual contractor selection criteria used in current practice of Malaysia. List of 17 actual criteria was prepared based on the information obtained from professionals in the Malaysian construction industry. Data collected were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS). The analysis showed that each category of the respondents rated the importance of the identified criteria based on its perspective and experience. However, some factors were mutually agreed among the categories such as financial capability, past experience and expertise, ability to manage client satisfaction and expectation and the ability to meet the design requirements which reflects the importance of these criteria while on the other hand, Political consideration, number of staff and history of claims and disputes were found to be the least important three factors to be considered in the contractor selection from the identified factors. It was also found that most of significant actual criteria practiced in Malaysia for the contractor selection are considered in best value selection criteria which indicates that the identified selection criteria of best value procurement is considered sufficient in Malaysia

Antibacterial effects of the essential oil from flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp

Flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp (family Magnoliaceae) is known as Xin-Yi in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and is widely used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, nasal congestion, and headache.1 Bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus in the-nasal-sinus mucosa is one of key factors which could cause rhinosinusitis,2 thus it is important to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the extracts from M. biondii, which may provide scientific evidence of using Xin-Yi for the treatment of rhinosinusitis. In this study, the essential oil and lignan-rich extract isolated from the flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp (Xin-Yi) were investigated for their chemical compositions and in vitro antibacterial activities. GC-MS analysis of the Magnolia essential oil disclosed the presence of 56 compounds including camphor (10.6%), eucalyptol (25.0%), linalool (5.8%), terpine-4-ol (8.4%), alpha-terpineol (19.8%), alpha-cadinol (3.3%), citronellol (2.9%), geraniol (2.3%), and trans-farnesol (8.7%). Both GC-MS and NMR analyses of the chloroform extract disclosed the presence of 7 tetrahydrofurofuran lignans that were demethoxyaschantin, fargesin, epieudesmin, eudesmin, aschantin, magnolin, and yangambin. The essential oil showed stronger antibacterial activities than the lignan-rich extract against five bacteria including pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis with MICs ranging from 250 to 500 µg ml-1 using microplate Alamar blue assay. Time-kill kinetics was used to monitor the survival characteristics of S. aureus and Escherichia coli in the presence of the essential oil over 24 hours, which indicated rapidly bactericidal effects. Scanning electron microscopy (Figure 1) showed the change of morphological appearance of S. aureus through destruction its cell wall and membrane by the Magnolia oil

Antibacterial effects of the essential oil from flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp

Flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp (family Magnoliaceae) is known as Xin-Yi in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and is widely used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, nasal congestion, and headache.1 Bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus in the-nasal-sinus mucosa is one of key factors which could cause rhinosinusitis,2 thus it is important to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the extracts from M. biondii, which may provide scientific evidence of using Xin-Yi for the treatment of rhinosinusitis. In this study, the essential oil and lignan-rich extract isolated from the flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp (Xin-Yi) were investigated for their chemical compositions and in vitro antibacterial activities. GC-MS analysis of the Magnolia essential oil disclosed the presence of 56 compounds including camphor (10.6%), eucalyptol (25.0%), linalool (5.8%), terpine-4-ol (8.4%), alpha-terpineol (19.8%), alpha-cadinol (3.3%), citronellol (2.9%), geraniol (2.3%), and trans-farnesol (8.7%). Both GC-MS and NMR analyses of the chloroform extract disclosed the presence of 7 tetrahydrofurofuran lignans that were demethoxyaschantin, fargesin, epieudesmin, eudesmin, aschantin, magnolin, and yangambin. The essential oil showed stronger antibacterial activities than the lignan-rich extract against five bacteria including pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis with MICs ranging from 250 to 500 µg ml-1 using microplate Alamar blue assay. Time-kill kinetics was used to monitor the survival characteristics of S. aureus and Escherichia coli in the presence of the essential oil over 24 hours, which indicated rapidly bactericidal effects. Scanning electron microscopy (Figure 1) showed the change of morphological appearance of S. aureus through destruction its cell wall and membrane by the Magnolia oil

Synthesis, Spectroscopic Identification for Mixed-Ligand Complexes and Evaluating Their Biological Effectiveness

in this paper show Mix ligand composed of (HL1) Dimidone and (HL2) 1,2-dibenzothiophene were allowed to react with next metal ions: Cobalt (III), Manganese (II), iron (III), Cobalt (II), Nickle (II), Cupper (II), Zinc (II) and Cadmium (II) individually forming stable metal complexes with different geometries as indicated using various techniques. The formation of the complexes as well as the geometries of the complexes were detected by Fourier-transform-infrared, mass_spectra, elemental analysis and electronic spectra. Moreover, the solubility of the compounds was tested in various solvents including: CHCl3, THF, DMF, DMSO, C2H5OH and H2O. Furthermore, the vital effectiveness was tested toward two types of bacteria gram negative bacteria (Spuedomonas & Escherichia coli was abbreviate (E. Coli) and positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus was abbreviate Staph. Aureas & Bacillus) and two types another of fungi (Aspergillus niger & Fuzaium) giving different inhibition values (either effective or noneffective) as detailed in the manuscript

Formulating the Cyber Security Culture in Organizations: Proposing and Arguing Insights

Purpose: This research aims to enhance practical organizational practices and academic research literature by critically investigating the latest findings in cybersecurity culture research through a systematic review of relevant literature and research.   Theoretical Framework:This work seeks to summarize key research developments in a research area that remains challenging for companies as they seek to build strong security cultures to protect their information (Tripwire, 2020). And reviewing the legal regulations that must be trained to protect institutions from cyber threats in the Kingdom of Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology of this study implements a systematic literature review to assess the main components of cybersecurity culture and what good practice can help to build it professionally.    Findings: The main results find that current literature must move from a technical approach to information security to a socio-cultural one. Also, this study predicts that cybercrime will increase dramatically and cost the world trillions annually.    Research Practical and Social Implications: this study attempts to define human resource management's role in cybersecurity awareness training and therfore the managers can deveplo the necessary rules to secure the organizational information.   Originality/Value: The study is within the first studies  to  be  conducted  in  GCC countries.  Moreover, the  to build a cyber security culture is unique topic add on to the academic knowledge. Also, can motivate the future studies to focus on efficiently organizing security procedures and enhancing security readiness appraisal consequences by providing more perceptions of imminent threats and security hazards.

Self-deception and its Relationship to Emotional Styles among University Students

The current research aims to identify self-deception and its relationship to emotional styles among Babylon University students. The research tools were applied to a random sample of (400) male and female students from the University of Babylon for both sexes for the academic year (2021-2022). Domains are (knowledge، emotion, action) and the emotional styles scale of Al-Khafaji (2021), which consists of (53) items,  both of which are five alternatives. The researcher extracted honesty and consistency, and the current research aims to identify (1) self-deception among university students (2) statistically significant differences of self-deception among university students according to the variables of gender and specialization (3) emotional styles among university students (4) significant differences Statistical relationships of emotional styles among university students according to the variables of gender and specialization and (5) the correlation between self-deception and emotional styles among university students. By using appropriate statistical methods, it was found (1) that university students have self-deception in a statistically significant manner. (2) There are no statistically significant differences in self-deception among university students according to the variables of sex and specialization (3) that university students use emotional styles with statistical significance.(4) There are no statistically significant differences for the emotional styles of university students according to the variables of gender and specialization، and (5) there is a correlation between self-deception and emotional styles.يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على خداع الذات وعلاقته بالأساليب الانفعالية لدى طلبة جامعة بابل. وقد طبقت أدوات البحث على عينة عشوائية مؤلفة من (400) طالب وطالبة من طلبة جامعة بابل ولكلا الجنسين للعام الدراسي (2021- 2022)، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تبنت الباحثة مقياس فون هيبل وتريفوس (2011) لخداع الذات والذي يتكون من (35) فقرة بثلاثة مجالات هي (المعرفة، العاطفة، الفعل) ومقياس الأساليب الانفعالية للخفاجي (2021) الذي يتكون من (53) فقرة وكلاهما خماسي البدائل. وقد قامت الباحثة باستخراج الصدق والثبات ويهدف البحث الحالي إلى التَعَرف على (1) خداع الذات لدى طلبة الجامعة (2) الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية لخداع الذات لدى طلبة الجامعة على وفق متغيري الجنس والتخصص (3) الأساليب الانفعالية لدى طلبة الجامعة (4) الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية للأساليب الانفعالية لدى طلبة الجامعة على وفق متغيري الجنس والتخصص و(5) العلاقة الارتباطية بين خداع الذات والأساليب الانفعالية لدى طلبة الجامعة. وباستعمال الوسائل الإحصائية المناسبة تبين (1) أن طلبة الجامعة لديهم خداع الذات وبشكل دال إحصائيا. (2) لا توجد فروق ذات إحصائية في خداع الذات لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعا لمتغيري الجنس والتخصص (3) أن طلبة الجامعة يستعملون أساليب انفعالية وبدلالة إحصائية. (4) لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية للأساليب الانفعالية لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعا لمتغيري الجنس والتخصص و(5) توجد علاقة ارتباطية بين خداع الذات والأساليب الانفعالية

Cultural Intelligence and Diversity in Higher Education: A Case Study from Bahrain

Universities and different higher education instructions in Bahrain are multicultural in nature. In this context, cultural intelligence (CQ) is a tool that can increase an individual’s ability to interact with people outside their culture. This study aims to provide a shred of empirical evidence on the value of using a coherent organizational framework of Cultural Intelligence to pursue tasks effectively in diverse contexts. Hence, a qualitative research design was used to achieve the research objectives. The study employs in-depth Interviews with 72 participants from different higher education instructions in Bahrain Company to collect the required data for this research effort. The open-ended qualitative questions have enabled participants to provide supplementary evidence around cultural intelligence and were valid for interpretation. This study provides an understanding of how individuals perform in multicultural environments, which can be helpful to managers in formulating new motivational strategies to enhance employee performance in higher education. The results show significant characteristics that predict employees ability to function effectively in a multicultural work environment. These findings have implications for different higher education instructions in Bahrain and other companies looking for survival and growth in the global marketplace. Given the research findings, senior leaders of additional higher education instructions in Bahrain should prioritize CQ, define and develop its goals, and value employees with high CQ to improve organizational performance in international assignments

Execution Speed up of Image Rotation Matrix Using Parallel Technique

In computer graphic science rotating a vertex in an image around a specific point in any direction is a time consuming mission. The rotation of a vertex depends on multiplying it's coordinates by graphic geometric transformation matrices, this multiplication requires a considerable time. In this paper the acceleration of image rotation is achieved by using parallel techniques such as using Multicore Core Central Processing Unit (CPU) or General Purpose Graphic Processing Unit (GPGPU) or even both. The results show a significant increase in computation speed when rotating a large number of vertices by using CPU. A considerable acceleration is achieved when GPU is used to make image rotation. However the speedup is limited by the number of processing units available for parallel processing