Applying International Power Quality Standards for Current Harmonic Distortion to Wave Energy Converters and Verified Device Emulators

The push for carbon-free energy sources has helped encourage the development of the ocean renewable energy sector. As ocean renewable energy approaches commercial maturity, the industry must be able to prove it can provide clean electrical power of good quality for consumers. As part of the EU funded Open Sea Operating Experience to Reduce Wave Energy Cost (OPERA) project that is tasked with developing the wave energy sector, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) developed electrical power quality standards for marine energy converters, which were applied to an oscillating water column (OWC). This was done both in the laboratory and in the real world. Precise electrical monitoring equipment was installed in the Mutriku Wave Power Plant in Spain and to an OWC emulator in the Lir National Ocean Test Facility at University College Cork in Ireland to monitor the electrical power of both. The electrical power generated was analysed for harmonic current distortion and the results were compared. The observations from sea trials and laboratory trials demonstrate that laboratory emulators can be used in early stage development to identify the harmonic characteristics of a wave energy converter.This research has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 654444 (OPERA project

« Joseba Sarrionandia : isiltasuna, irekitasuna eta irakurlea »

« Idazten dudalarik, idatzi egiten naiz.Irakurtzen duzularik irakurri egiten zara »Joseba Sarrionandia, Hitzen ondoeza I. Joseba Sarrionandiaren lanaz eta bere garrantziaz hitz bi : harreraren nondik norakoak Joseba Sarrionandia « gure artean den poeta handiena » dela irakurri nuen behin Pako Aristiren eleberri baten. Bada, baieztapen kategoriko samarra izan arren, nik neuk ere beste horrenbeste esango nuke eta poeta han-dia ez ezik, narratzaile handia ere badela gaineratuko nuke. Izan ere, S..

Variantes genéticas implicadas en la susceptibilidad del osteosarcoma pediátrico

369 p.El osteosarcoma (OS) es el cáncer óseo primario más común que se da principalmente en niños, adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. El hecho de que el OS se produzca a una edad temprana sugiere que existe un fuerte componente genético en su origen. Diversos estudios han sugerido que la susceptibilidad a desarrollar OS se debe a pequeñas variantes comunes de baja penetrancia, como los SNPs. La implicación de las variantes genéticas comunes en la susceptibilidad a desarrollar cáncer ya se ha demostrado en diversos estudios

Sea trial results of a predictive algorithm at the Mutriku Wave power plant and controllers assessment based on a detailed plant model

Improving the power production in wave energy plants is essential to lower the cost of energy production from this type of installations. Oscillating Water Column is among the most studied technologies to convert the wave energy into a useful electrical one. In this paper, three control algorithms are developed to control the biradial turbine installed in the Mutriku Wave Power Plant. The work presents a comparison of their main advantages and drawbacks first from numerical simulation results and then with practical implementation in the real plant, analysing both performance and power integration into the grid. The wave-to-wire model used to develop and assess the controllers is based on linear wave theory and adjusted with operational data measured at the plant. Three different controllers which use the generator torque as manipulated variable are considered. Two of them are adaptive controllers and the other one is a nonlinear Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm which uses information about the future waves to compute the control actions. The best adaptive controller and the predictive one are then tested experimentally in the real power plant of Mutriku, and the performance analysis is completed with operational results. A real time sensor installed in front of the plant gives information on the incoming waves used by the predictive algorithm. Operational data are collected during a two-week testing period, enabling a thorough comparison. An overall increase over 30% in the electrical power production is obtained with the predictive control law in comparison with the reference adaptive controller.The work was funded by European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, OPERA Project under grantagreement No 654444, and the Basque Government under project IT1324-19. We acknowledge Ente Vasco de la Energía (EVE) for theaccess of the Mutriku plant and Oceantec in their support during the sea trials. The authors thank Joannes Berques (Tecnalia) for hiscontribution on the wave climate analysis at Mutriku and Borja de Miguel (IDOM) for his insights on the hydrodynamics modelling. Special thanks go to Temoana Menard in the study of the polytropic air model during its internship at Tecnalia

The Role of the Dysregulation of Long Non-Coding and Circular RNA Expression in Medulloblastoma: A Systematic Review

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in childhood. Although recent multi-omic studies have led to advances in MB classification, there is still room for improvement with regard to treatment response and survival. Therefore, identification of new and less invasive biomarkers is needed to refine the diagnostic process and to develop more personalized treatment strategies. In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could be useful biomarkers for MB. In this article, we reviewed the role of two types of ncRNAs, long non-coding (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as biomarkers for the diagnosis, subgroup classification, and prognosis of MB. We also reviewed potential candidates with specific functions and mechanisms of action in the disease. We performed a search in PubMed and Scopus using the terms (“long non coding RNAs” OR ”lncRNAs”) and (“circular RNAs” OR ”circRNAs”) AND ”medulloblastoma” to identify biomarker discovery or functional studies evaluating the effects of these ncRNAs in MB. A total of 26 articles met the inclusion criteria. Among the lncRNAs, the tumorigenic effects of the upregulated lnc-IRX3-80 and lnc-LRRC47-78 were the most studied in MB. Among the circRNAs, the upregulation of circSKA3 and its functional impact in MB cell lines were the most consistent results, so this circRNA could be considered a potential biomarker in MB. Additional validation is required for many deregulated lncRNAs and circRNAs; therefore, further studies are warranted.This research was funded by the Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research (IT1559-22) and EiTB Maratoia (Bioef) (BIO20/CI/017). I.M.d.E. was supported by an Ikasiker fellowship and an Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC) (Prácticas Laboratorio de Verano AECC 2022-2608A48D0E01012) fellowship for his lab internship. A.G.-C. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fundación Vasca de Innovación e Investigación Sanitaria (Bioef) (BIO20/CI/016). U.I. was supported by a pre-doctoral contract from UPV/EHU

Variants in the 14q32 miRNA cluster are associated with osteosarcoma risk in the Spanish population

Association studies in osteosarcoma risk found significant results in intergenic regions, suggesting that regions which do not codify for proteins could play an important role. The deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been already associated with osteosarcoma. Consequently, genetic variants affecting miRNA function could be associated with risk. This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of all genetic variants in pre-miRNAs described so far in relationship to the risk of osteosarcoma. We analyzed a total of 213 genetic variants in 206 pre-miRNAs in two cohorts of osteosarcoma patients (n = 100) and their corresponding controls (n = 256) from Spanish and Slovenian populations, using Goldengate Veracode technology (Illumina). Four polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs at 14q32 miRNA cluster were associated with osteosarcoma risk in the Spanish population (rs12894467, rs61992671, rs58834075 and rs12879262). Pathway enrichment analysis including target genes of these miRNAs pointed out the WNT signaling pathways overrepresented. Moreover, different single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects between the two populations included were observed, suggesting the existence of population differences. In conclusion, 14q32 miRNA cluster seems to be a hotspot for osteosarcoma susceptibility in the Spanish population, but not in the Slovenian, which supports the idea of the existence of population differences in developing this disease.Special thanks to Slovenian Osteosarcoma Study Group for their collaboration in sample collection. The "Slovenian Osteosarcoma Study Group" is conformed by Katja Goricar from the Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Ljubljana, Viljem Kovac from the Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of University of Ljubljana, Janez Jazbec from the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Janez Lamovec from the Oncology and Hematology Unit, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre of Ljubljana and Prof. Vita Dolzan included in the authorship of this article. The authors would like to thank Leire Iparraguirre for her technical assistance with figures. This study was funded by the Basque Government (IT661-13, IT989-16), UPV/EHU (UFI11/35)

Osteosarkoma pediatrikoarekiko suszeptibilitatean inplikatuta dauden aldaera genetikoak

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer that occurs primarily in children, adolescents, and young adults. The fact that OS occurs at an early age suggests that there is a strong genetic component at its source. Several studies have suggested that susceptibility to OS development is due to small common low-pene trance variants, such as SNPs. The implication of the common genetic variants in the susceptibility to cancer has already been demonstrated in several studies. One of the most non-coding RNAs studied in cancer are miRNAs and are known to be involved in the origin and evolution of various cancers. Therefore, we analyzed all the genetic vari-ability of the genes of the miRNAs processing path and their implication in the suscep-tibility of the OS. As a result, we decided to validate the association between the ge-netic variants previously associated with the risk to develop OS and to look for new risk markers in the genes related to the miRNAs. Our results indicated that a SNP in the CTLA4 gene could be a marker of susceptibility to develop OS along with the hotspot in the 14q32 region.; Osteosarkoma (OS) edo sarkoma osteogenikoa gazteen artean gertatzen den hezur-minbizirik ohikoena da. Adin hain goiztiarretan sortzeak adierazten du haren jatorrian genetikak paper garrantzitsua duela. Izan ere, hainbat ikerketa-lanen arabera, sarkortasun txikiko aldaera genetikoak (SNPak, esaterako) OSaren kausa izan ohi dira. Jakina da beste minbizi mota batzuetan aldaera genetikoek gaixotasun horrekiko suszeptibilitatean eragina izaten dutela. miRNAk dira minbizien jatorri eta bilakaeran gehien aztertu diren RNA ez-kodetzaileak (ncRNA). Hori dela eta, bai gune kodetzaileetan bai ez-kodetzaileetan (miRNAk eta hauek prozesatzen dituzten geneak) zen aldakortasun genetikoa aztertu genuen. Lan honetan, OSarekiko suszeptibilitatean eragina duten aldaera genetikoen bilaketa egin genuen. Gure emaitzek CTLA4 genea eta 14q32 guneko miRNA taldeak OSarekiko suszeptibilitatearen hotspot-ak izan daitezkeela erakusten dute

Polimorfismo genetikoen analisien meta-analisien erabilgarritasunaren analisi kritikoa

Azken urteotan sortzen ari den itzelezko argitalpen kopurua ikusita, meta-analisiak plazaratzen ari dira, helburu bera duten ikerketa lanen informazioa laburtzeko. Hain zuzen ere, gai jakin baten ikerketa lan desberdinen emaitzak konbinatu nahi dira meta-analisi hauetan erantzunik gabeko galderak argitzeko. Kalitatezko meta-analisiak izateko , berau egiteko pausu guztiak ondo landuta eta deskribatuta egon behar dute. Horregatik, meta-analisien erabilgarritasuna baloratzeko haien irakurketa kritikoa egitea oso beharrezkoa da. Adibide moduan, Liu eta laguntzaileak eta gure taldeak, zenbait ahulezi topatu genituen Wang eta laguntzaileek duela gutxi nazioarteko aldizkari zientifiko batean argitaratutako meta-analisian. Ikerketa lan honetan Wang eta laguntzaileen meta-analisiaren irakurketa kritikoa, literaturaren eguneraketa eta asoziazio ikerketa egin genuen . Wang eta laguntzaileak polimorfismoak osteosarkomaren suszeptibi latearekin asoziatuta zeudela ondorioztatu zuten bitartean, gure kasuan ez genuen asoziaziorik topatu . Hortaz, gure lanaren arabera, polimorfismo hauek osteosarkomaren suszeptibilitatearen markatzaile genetikoak ez direla ondorioztatu genuen. Bide batez, adibide honekin, gaur eguneko meta-analisien irakurketa sakona eta analisien emaitzak zuhur hartu behar ditugula azpimarratu nahi dugu, zenbait lanetan ez baitituzte ezarritako irizpideak betetzen mota honetako ikerketa lanak egiterako orduan

LncRNA-en adierazpen aldakorrak haurren leuzemia linfoblastiko akutuan dituen inplikazioak

Haurren leuzemia linfoblastiko akutua (LLA) minbizi pediatrikorik ohikoena da eta heriotza kausa nagusia 20 urte baino gutxiagoko minbizidun gaixoen artean. Aurrerapen teknologikoei esker sailkapen-zehaztasuna eta sendatze-tasa hobetu diren arren, oraindik ere asko dira birgaixotzen diren pazienteak. Hori dela eta, pazienteen estratifikazio eta tratamendu espezifikoagoen beharra azaleratu da. LLA minbizi oso heterogeneoa da eta azpitalde ezberdin ugari daude. Oraintsu, pazienteen estratifikazioa egiteko, RNA ez-kodetzaileetan jarri da arreta; esaterako, RNA luze ez-kodetzaileetan (lncRNA). Molekula horiek proteinak kodetzen ez dituzten 200 nukleotido baino gehiagoko molekula erribonukleikoak dira, eta frogatu da funtzio erregulatzaile garrantzitsua dutela hainbat prozesu biologikotan, besteak beste hematopoiesian. Azken urteetan ugariak izan dira lncRNAen adierazpen aldakorra LLA pediatrikoan aztertu duten ikerketak. Horietan, sekuentziazio edo array bidezko genoma osoko analisiak eta RT-qPCR bidezko lncRNA zehatzen adierazpena aztertuz, minbizi honen diagnosian, azpitalde ezberdinen sailkapenean, pronostikoan eta tratamenduan duten adierazpen-patroi aldakorra ikertu dute. Hala, zenbait kasutan ondorioztatu da lncRNAk erlazionatuta daudela leuzemia-zelulen proliferazio edo apoptosiarekin, bir-gaixotzeekin edo tratamenduekiko erresistentziarekin. Hori dela eta, dugun informazioa oraindik ere mugatua izan arren, ezinbestekoa izango da lncRNAek mekanismo molekularretan dituzten funtzioak ezagutzea, etorkizunean LLA gaixoen es-tratifikazio zehatza lortzeko eta tratamendu-itu berriak identifikatzeko; Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer and the leading cause of death among cancer patients under 20 years of age. Although classification accuracy and recovery rates have improved due to technological advances, there are still many patients who relapse. Hence, the development of more accurate patient stratification methods and treatments are essential. ALL is a highly heterogeneous cancer with multiple subtypes. Recently, attention has been focused on non-coding RNA, such as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). These ribonucleic molecules of more than 200 nucleotides have been proven to have important regulatory functions in various biological processes, including hematopoiesis. In recent years, numerous studies have examined the differential expression of lncRNAs in pediatric ALL. In these studies, whole genome analysis using sequencing and arrays, and analysis of specific lncRNAs by RT-qPCR have been made to investigate the varying pattern of expression in diagnosis, classification of different subtypes, prognosis and treatment of ALL patients. Thus, in some cases lncRNAs were related to proliferation or apoptosis of leukemic cells, relapse and treatment resistance. Therefore, although the information concerning lncRNAs in ALL is still limited, analysing the functions of lncRNAs in molecular mechanisms will be essential in the near future for the precise stratification of ALL pediatric patients and the identification of novel treatment targets