Effects of Gamma Radiation on Essential Oils: A Review

γ-Radiation provides an effective alternative method to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of medicinal herbs and other plant materials. However, a search in the literature is important to describe the effects of γ-radiation on the content and integrity of secondary metabolites from plants. The present work provides a review of the effects of γ-radiation on extraction yields and chemical composition of essential oils isolated from roots, rhizome and cortex, leaves, fruits, seeds, flowers, and whole plant. In addition, this review describes the effects of γ-radiation on terpenes. The informations in the present work may assist in research about essential oils and dose of γ-radiation that is able to biologically decontaminate without causing chemical changes in secondary metabolites. These reports in the literature can describe the behavior of many of these metabolites when subjected to various doses of radiation

Self-condensation of n-(N-propyl)butanimine: NMR and mass spectral analyses and investigation by theoretical calculation

The stability of N-propylbutanimine (1) was investigated under different experimental conditions. The acid-catalyzed self-condensation that produced the E-enimine (4) and Z-inimine (5) was studied by experimental analyses and theoretical calculations. Since the calculations for the energy of 5 indicated that it had a lower energy than 4, yet 4 was the principal product, the self-condensation of 1 must be kinetically controlled

C-NMR Data of Diterpenes Isolated from Aristolochia Species

molecule

Structural characterization of a new dioxamic acid derivative by experimental (FT-IR, NMR, and X-ray) analyses and theoretical (HF and DFT) investigations.

Very few investigations concerning the crystal structure and chemical properties of dioxamic acids have been related in the literature. This work describes the chemical properties of ortho-phenylenebis(oxamic acid) (2) and its new derivative, hydrogeno ortho-phenylenebis(oxamato) benzimidazolium (3) using experimental (FT-IR, NMR, and X-ray single crystal diffraction) and theoretical (HF/3-21G_ and B3LYP/ 6-31G_ calculations) methodologies. Compound 2 displays intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen of an amide group and the oxygen atom of another amide group present in the structure. Compound 3 was prepared by a newly developed synthetic route involving decomposition of the dioxamic acid in solution without the presence of metallic ions. Thermodynamic calculations indicate a process via two successive hydrolyzes of the amide groups of 2, followed by condensation with formic acid and finally dehydration. The structure of 3 was solved by X-ray single-crystal diffraction and it consists of meso-helical chains stabilized by intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and p–p stacking interactions

Total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and mineral elements in the fruit peel of Myrciaria cauliflora

The in vitro antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and mineral elements of the fruit peel of Myrciaria cauliflora were investigated. The antioxidant capacity was analyzed by the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and β-carotene methods. The assays based on the DPPH (EC50 = 3.18 g sample/g DPPH), ABTS•+ (1017 μmol Trolox/g sample), FRAP (1676 µM Fe2SO4/g sample) and β-carotene/linoleic acid (70% of oxidation inhibition) methods indicated a high antioxidant capacity of the fruit peel extract of the plant. The Folin-Denis method was more efficient in determining the total phenolic compound contents in the different solvents than the Folin-Ciocalteu one. Extractions made with 4:1 methanol-water, 4:1 ethanol-water, 3:2 ethanol-water and 3:2 acetone-water solutions using the Folin-Denis method exhibited high contents of phenolic compounds (18.95, 14.06, 12.93 and 11.99 mg GAE/g, respectively). Potassium was the major element found in the fruit peel, followed by phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and iron, in that order. As a result, the fruit peel of M. cauliflora can be considered as an important source of natural antioxidants and essential elements of easy access for the population and for application in the food industry

Self-condensation of n-(N-propyl)butanimine: NMR and mass spectral analyses and investigation by theoretical calculation

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2014-05-29T19:41:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Self-condensation of n-(N-propyl)butanimine.pdf: 1379707 bytes, checksum: 49ab766b53e5fd7e39797e711858ce07 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-29T19:41:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Self-condensation of n-(N-propyl)butanimine.pdf: 1379707 bytes, checksum: 49ab766b53e5fd7e39797e711858ce07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Química. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Química. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Química. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Exatas. Departamento de Química. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Farmácia. Departamento de Alimentos. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo CruzCentro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilThe stability of N-propylbutanimine (1) was investigated under different experimental conditions. The acid-catalyzed self-condensation that produced the E-enimine (4) and Z-inimine (5) was studied by experimental analyses and theoretical calculations. Since the calculations for the energy of 5 indicated that it had a lower energy than 4, yet 4 was the principal product, the self-condensation of 1 must be kinetically controlled