ATLANTIC-CAMTRAPS: a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the Atlantic Forest of South America

Our understanding of mammal ecology has always been hindered by the difficulties of observing species in closed tropical forests. Camera trapping has become a major advance for monitoring terrestrial mammals in biodiversity rich ecosystems. Here we compiled one of the largest datasets of inventories of terrestrial mammal communities for the Neotropical region based on camera trapping studies. The dataset comprises 170 surveys of medium to large terrestrial mammals using camera traps conducted in 144 areas by 74 studies, covering six vegetation types of tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of South America (Brazil and Argentina), and present data on species composition and richness. The complete dataset comprises 53,438 independent records of 83 species of mammals, includes 10 species of marsupials, 15 rodents, 20 carnivores, eight ungulates and six armadillos. Species richness averaged 13 species (±6.07 SD) per site. Only six species occurred in more than 50% of the sites: the domestic dog Canis familiaris, crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, tayra Eira barbara, south American coati Nasua nasua, crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus and the nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus. The information contained in this dataset can be used to understand macroecological patterns of biodiversity, community, and population structure, but also to evaluate the ecological consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and trophic interactions. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of Americ

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

TRABALHO E ESTRANHAMENTO: A DETERMINAÇÃO SOCIAL DA SAÚDE EM ASSENTAMENTOS

Resumo Conhecer como se organiza o processo de trabalho em qualquer atividade produtiva é essencial para entender os impactos na saúde dos trabalhadores. Esse conhecimento inclui a forma de organização da sociedade, que pode influir no desenvolvimento do ser, como também contribuir para seu estranhamento/alienação. No estudo buscou-se compreender como se organiza o processo de trabalho do campesinato em dois assentamentos influenciados por lógicas distintas – a do agronegócio e a da agroecologia – e, a partir dessa relação, como ocorre o estranhamento do trabalho e seus impactos na saúde dos assentados. Tratou-se de um estudo de casos múltiplos, baseado em abordagem qualitativa, com a utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais. O estudo foi realizado entre os meses de janeiro e maio de 2016, em dois assentamentos da Região Metropolitana do Recife. O processamento e a análise dos dados seguiram uma perspectiva que considera a totalidade e a historicidade das relações sociais e sua articulação com os processos sociais particulares. Os resultados revelaram que a condição de estranhamento (e combate a este) ocorre de diferentes formas nos dois assentamentos. Quando influenciado pelo agronegócio, apresenta-se em uma produção especializada, quase exclusiva de mercadorias e com uso intensivo de agrotóxicos. Já em relação à influência da agroecologia, apresenta uma produção diversificada, abolindo o uso de agrotóxicos e com menor intensidade no trabalho

Sistemas de informação em saúde e as intoxicações por agrotóxicos em Pernambuco

Submitted by Adagilson Silva ([email protected]) on 2017-09-21T19:49:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 26247190 2015 alb-hea.oa.en.pdf: 601649 bytes, checksum: c762bb3ae28bfb4bd7e42fbfac1e5fec (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adagilson Silva ([email protected]) on 2017-09-22T14:12:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 26247190 2015 alb-hea.oa.en.pdf: 601649 bytes, checksum: c762bb3ae28bfb4bd7e42fbfac1e5fec (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-22T14:12:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 26247190 2015 alb-hea.oa.en.pdf: 601649 bytes, checksum: c762bb3ae28bfb4bd7e42fbfac1e5fec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, BrasilUnderstanding the epidemiologic profile of a particular disease is key to undertake health actions. To that end, information systems that present quality data help in the decision-making process and demonstrate the impact of the problems

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chicken breeding in Northeast, Brazil

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chickens bred in the metropolitan area of Recife, Brazil. In total, 212 serum samples were collected from 16 properties, and 12 backyard chickens were collected in the six sanitary districts of Recife. An indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was used to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect T. gondii DNA in brain, heart, liver and lung specimens. Of the samples analyzed by serology, 86/212 (40.56%) were positive; of the samples analyzed by PCR, 2/12 (16.7%) were positive, with both samples positive by both tests (serological and molecular). The presence of antibody anti-T. gondii and parasite DNA in tissues of these animals are worrying aspects for public health because there is a risk of transmission of the parasite to humans through eating undercooked or raw meat. Based on the results, the adoption of preventive measures to prevent the cats access to the chickens creations should be encouraged, since these animals were identified in most of the studied properties

Infecção pelo virus Chikungunya: relato do primeiro caso diagnosticado no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Submitted by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-04-12T13:01:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rita_nogueira_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 592875 bytes, checksum: 7acabaea6e79721b66e5e31d6cba5c4f (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-04-12T13:31:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rita_nogueira_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 592875 bytes, checksum: 7acabaea6e79721b66e5e31d6cba5c4f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-12T13:31:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rita_nogueira_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 592875 bytes, checksum: 7acabaea6e79721b66e5e31d6cba5c4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Higiene e Controle de Infecção Hospitalar. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Antes diagnosticado na África e na Ásia, o vírus Chikungunya foi detectado nos últimos três anos, no Caribe, na Itália, na França e nos Estados Unidos. Relatamos o primeiro caso do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, em 2010.Initially diagnosed in Africa and Asia, the Chikungunya virus has been detected in the last three years in the Caribbean, Italy, France, and the United States of America. Herein, we report the first case for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2010

Infecção pelo virus Chikungunya: relato do primeiro caso diagnosticado no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-01-05T14:40:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rita3_nogueira_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 592875 bytes, checksum: 7acabaea6e79721b66e5e31d6cba5c4f (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-01-05T14:47:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rita3_nogueira_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 592875 bytes, checksum: 7acabaea6e79721b66e5e31d6cba5c4f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-05T14:47:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rita3_nogueira_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 592875 bytes, checksum: 7acabaea6e79721b66e5e31d6cba5c4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Higiene e Controle de Infecção Hospitalar. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilHospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital São Vicente de Paulo. Serviço de Higiene e Controle de Infecção Hospitalar. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilAntes diagnosticado na África e na Ásia, o vírus Chikungunya foi detectado nos últimos três anos, no Caribe, na Itália, na França e nos Estados Unidos. Relatamos o primeiro caso do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, em 2010.Initially diagnosed in Africa and Asia, the Chikungunya virus has been detected in the last three years in the Caribbean, Italy, France, and the United States of America. Herein, we report the first case for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2010

Chikungunya virus infection: report of the first case diagnosed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Initially diagnosed in Africa and Asia, the Chikungunya virus has been detected in the last three years in the Caribbean, Italy, France, and the United States of America. Herein, we report the first case for Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2010