2,145 research outputs found

    Gesichter der Globalisierung und ihr Einfluss auf Afrika

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    Barbara Albrecht und Sandra Fukerieder: Gesichter der Globalisierung und ihr Einfluss auf Afrika SE "Globalisierung und Philosophie ",Wien 2003/04 "Die Realität der globalisierten Welt besteht in einer Kette von Inseln des Wohlstands und des Reichtums,die aus einem Meer des Völkerelends herausragen."1 GLOBALISIERUNG –viel diskutiert,vielerorts kritisiert,mancherorts geliebt;fest steht, dass der Begriff Emotionen hoch gehen läßt.Ein neues Modewort gar? Suchte man Anfang der 1980er Jahre in einem Lexikon nach dem Begriff "Globalisierung ",wurde man nicht fündig.Spätestens seit den Ausschreitungen in Seattle 1999,dem ersten Weltsozialforum 2001 in Porto Alegre/Brasilien und den gewalttätigen Auseinandersetzungen in Genua/Italien 2001 ist dieser Begriff,kaum 20 Jahre später,in aller Munde. Viele verbinden mit Globalisierung neue Technologien,wie zum Beispiel das Handy, oder die immer komplexeren Eingriffe in der Medizin,wie zum Beispiel die pränatale Diagnostik. Doch umfaßt die Globalisierung nicht mehr Dimensionen?(Daher auch der Titel unserer Arbeit "Die Gesichter der Globalisierung [...]").Wird die Kluft zwischen Arm und Reich nicht immer größer?Gehen die Vorteile der einen nicht auf Kosten der anderen?Oder wird Globalisierung letztendlich zum Wohlstand aller führen?Welche Rolle kommt der Philosophie in der Globalisierungsdebatte zu? Diesen Fragen wollen wir auf den Grund gehen.Die vorliegende Seminararbeit ist in zwei Teile gegliedert,von denen der erste die Globalisierung im Allgemeinen behandelt.Den Begriff "Globalisierung "verbindet man häufig nur mit der sogenannten "entwickelten "Welt.Wenige Vorstellungen und Assoziationen hat man jedoch,wenn es darum geht,die Auswirkungen auf andere Teile der Welt zu präzisieren.Daher soll ein Beispiel den zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit bilden.Ein wichtiges Kriterium dabei war, einen Teil der Welt auszuwählen,der eben nicht zur westlichen Welt gehört.Da die afrikanische Philosophie viel Potential bietet und man in Bezug auf Afrika oft falsche Vorstellungen hat,fiel die Wahl auf den afrikanischen Kontinent

    Artful Reading, Spontaneous Design: Integrating Philosophy, English, and Art in a Creativity Cluster

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    This article informs about a multidisciplinary learning community targeting first year students from diverse cultural backgrounds at an urban community college. The combination of English, art, and philosophy of art in a Creativity Cluster offers an excellent opportunity for great teaching and learning experiences. Yet, how can faculty address the multiple challenges faced by inexperienced student readers who have little time to reflect on difficult texts or make thoughtful connections across disciplines? The authors find that students’ reading comprehension can be deepened and reinforced by dovetailing such manifold sources as poetry, short stories, plays, film, music, artworks, and readings in aesthetic theory. Further, students’ critical thinking and analytical writing skills can be improved with related creative activities and integrative paper assignments. Moreover, through improvised activities, faculty can respond effectively to students’ needs, nurture their creativity, and enable them to make meaningful connections across disciplines and artforms. Vera Albrecht is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at LaGuardia Community College , City University of New York (CUNY). Barbara Comins is a Professor of English at LaGuardia Community College, CUNY

    Teaching Data Driven Innovation – Facing a Challenge for Higher Education

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    In the era of digitization, data has become a very important resource for competition. To generate value from these constantly growing amounts of data and to create innovative services and business models based on the data, organizations need to rely on well-trained data scientists and analysts. The required skill set for such experts is complex and challenges higher education in the information systems discipline. Despite some first and promising efforts, there is still a lack of novel teaching approaches for data driven innovation. In this paper we design a morphological box providing a solution space for teaching data driven innovation at universities. For the systematization we analyze the submissions of an academic analytics contest and combine our findings with the existing knowledge base. Furthermore, we present our learnings from two teaching cases and reflect our experiences when applying them in class

    Small molecule activation

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    The activation of small molecules has become an increasingly popular area of research over the last years, and there are many reasons to be captivated by this fascinating topic

    Descriptive Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Counseling and Coordination Model in Psychosocial Care. Integration of Health Care and Social Rehabilitation

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    Introduction: A psychosocial outreach clinic was established to offer counseling and coordination of healthcare and complementary services for persons with psychosocial and mental problems. The cost-effectiveness of these services was measured based on a pre-post comparison. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted with clients of the outreach clinic. Data on resource consumption and quality of life were collected at baseline and follow-up after 3, 6, and 12 months using the Client Sociodemographic and Service Receipt Inventory to assess service utilization, and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey to assess quality of life. The objective of the present analysis was to estimate the relation between monetary expenditure and QALYs (quality-adjusted life-years), before and after the outreach clinic was established, descriptively. The analysis was constructed from payer’s perspective and was supplemented by a sensitivity analysis. Results: A total of 85 participants were included. Total annual expenditures before the intervention were 5,832 € per client for all service segments. During the 12-months study duration expenditures decreased to 4,350 € including the costs associated with outreach clinic services. QALYs for the 12-month study period were 0.6618 and increased about 0.0568 compared to the period before. Discussion: Despite methodological limitations due to small sample size, a pre-post comparison and the retrospective cost data collection, this study suggests acceptability of the outreach clinic as cost-effective. Conclusion: The activities of the outreach clinic as an integrated care model seem to be cost-effective regarding the relation between monetary expenditures and clients’ quality of life

    The role of the cortical cytoskeleton

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    We generated Dictyostelium double mutants lacking the two F-actin crosslinking proteins alpha-actinin and gelation factor by inactivating the corresponding genes via homologous recombination. Here we investigated the consequences of these deficiencies both at the single cell level and at the multicellular stage. We found that loss of both proteins severely affected growth of the mutant cells in shaking suspension, and led to a reduction of cell size from 12 microns in wild-type cells to 9 microns in mutant cells. Moreover the cells did not exhibit the typical polarized morphology of aggregating Dictyostelium cells but had a more rounded cell shape, and also exhibited an increased sensitivity towards osmotic shock and a reduced rate of phagocytosis. Development was heavily impaired and never resulted in the formation of fruiting bodies. Expression of developmentally regulated genes and the final developmental stages that were reached varied, however, with the substrata on which the cells were deposited. On phosphate buffered agar plates the cells were able to form tight aggregates and mounds and to express prespore and prestalk cell specific genes. Under these conditions the cells could perform chemotactic signalling and cell behavior was normal at the onset of multicellular development as revealed by time-lapse video microscopy. Double mutant cells were motile but speed was reduced by approximately 30% as compared to wild type. These changes were reversed by expressing the gelation factor in the mutant cells. We conclude that the actin assemblies that are formed and/or stabilized by both F-actin crosslinking proteins have a protective function during osmotic stress and are essential for proper cell shape and motility

    Genotoxicity of nitroso compounds and sodium dichromate in a model combining organ cultures of human nasal epithelia and the comet assay

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    Genotoxic effects of xenobiotics are a possible step in tumor initiation in the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. Using the comet assay, detecting genotoxicity in human tissue has been restricted to single incubations in vitro, but in vivo most xenobiotics harm their target in a repetitive or chronic manner. Therefore, we propose a model, which provides repetitive incubations in human upper aerodigestive tract mucosa cultures. Samples of human inferior nasal turbinate mucosa (n = 25) were cultured according to a modified version of a technique originally described by Steinsvag. On day 1 fresh samples and on days 7, 9 and 11 organ cultures were incubated with N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) and N'-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG). Mucosa samples and organ cultures, respectively, underwent a modified comet assay on days 1, 7 and 11. Genotoxicity could be shown for NDEA, Na2Cr2O7 and MNNG on days 1, 7 and 11. Duration of tissue culture and repetitive incubations did not significantly influence the results for NDEA. Nevertheless, Na2Cr2O7 and MNNG caused higher genotoxic effects on cultures subjected to the comet assay on day 11. This model may help to assess genotoxic hazards posed by environ mental pollutants that have a cumulative character in repetitive or chronic exposure in vivo. Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel

    Olefin Dimerization and Isomerization Catalyzed by Pyridylidene Amide Palladium Complexes

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    A series of cationic palladium complexes [Pd(N^N')Me(NCMe)]+ was synthesized, comprising three different N^N'-bidentate coordinating pyridyl-pyridylidene amide (PYA) ligands with different electronic and structural properties depending on the PYA position (ortho-, meta-, and para-PYA). Structural investigation in solution revealed cis/trans isomeric ratios that correlate with the donor properties of the PYA ligand, with highest cis ratios for the complex having the most donating ortho-PYA ligand and lowest ratios for that with the weakest donor para-PYA system. The catalytic activity of the cationic complexes [Pd(N^N')Me(NCMe)]+ in alkene insertion and dimerization showed a strong correlation with the ligand setting. While complexes bearing more electron-donating meta- and ortho-PYA ligands produced butenes within 60 and 30 min respectively, the para-PYA complex was much slower and only reached 50% conversion of ethylene within 2 h. Likewise, insertion of methyl acrylate as polar monomer was more efficient with stronger donor PYA units, reaching a 32% ratio of methyl acrylate vs ethylene insertion. Mechanistic investigations about the ethylene insertion allowed to detect, for the first time, by NMR spectroscopy both cis- and trans-Pd-ethyl intermediates and, furthermore, revealed a trans-to-cis isomerization of the Pd\u2013ethyl resting state as the rate-limiting step for inducing ethylene conversion. These PYA palladium complexes induce rapid double bond isomerization of terminal to internal alkenes through a chain walking process, which prevents both polymerization and also the conversion of higher olefins, leading selectively to ethylene dimerization
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