81 research outputs found
Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020.
Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3â5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variantâs success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited
Handbook of Active Ageing and Quality of Life: From Concepts to Applications
La ediciĂłn de este libro estuvo a cargo de Fermina Rojo-PĂ©rez y Gloria FernĂĄndez-Mayoralas.El documento adjunto contiene la cubierta, portada e Ăndice del libro.This handbook presents an overview of studies on the relationship of active ageing and quality of life. It addresses the new challenges of ageing from the paradigm of positive ageing (active, healthy and successful) for a better quality of life. It provides theoretical perspectives and empirical studies, including scientific knowledge as well as practical experiences about the good ageing and the quality of later life around the world, in order to respond to the challenges of an aged population. The handbook is structured in 4 sections covering theoretical and conceptual perspectives, social policy issues and research agenda, methods, measurement instrument-scales and evaluations, and lastly application studies including domains and geographical contexts.Peer reviewe
EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial
More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University MĂŒnster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369
The first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Spain was associated with early introductions and fast spread of a dominating genetic variant
SeqCOVID-Spain consortium:
Ălvaro Chiner-Oms, Irving Cancino-Muñoz, Mariana G. LĂłpez, Manuela Torres-Puente, Inmaculada GĂłmez-Navarro, Santiago JimĂ©nez-Serrano, Jordi PĂ©rez-Tur, DarĂo GarcĂa de Viedma, Laura PĂ©rez-Lago, Marta Herranz, Jon Sicilia, Pilar CatalĂĄn-Alonso, Julia SuĂĄrez GonzĂĄlez, Patricia Muñoz, Mireia Coscolla, Paula Ruiz-RodrĂguez, Fernando GonzĂĄlez-Candelas, Iñaki Comas, Lidia Ruiz-RoldĂĄn, MarĂa Alma Bracho, Neris GarcĂa-GonzĂĄlez, LlĂșcia MartĂnez Priego, Inmaculada GalĂĄn-Vendrell, Paula Ruiz-Hueso, Griselda De Marco, MarĂa Loreto FerrĂșs-Abad, Sandra CarbĂł-RamĂrez, Giuseppe DâAuria, Galo Adrian Goig, Juan Alberola, Jose Miguel Nogueira, Juan JosĂ© Camarena, David Navarro, Eliseo Albert, Ignacio Torres, Maitane Aranzamendi Zaldumbide, Ăscar MartĂnez ExpĂłsito, Nerea Antona Urieta, MarĂa de Toro, MarĂa Pilar Bea-Escudero, Jose Antonio Boga, Cristian CastellĂł-Abietar, Susana Rojo-Alba, Marta Elena Ălvarez-ArgĂŒelles, Santiago MelĂłn, Elisa MartrĂł, Antoni E. Bordoy, Anna Not, AdriĂĄn Antuori, Anabel FernĂĄndez-Navarro, AndrĂ©s Canut-Blasco, Silvia HernĂĄez Crespo, Maria Luz CordĂłn RodrĂguez, Maria ConcepciĂłn Lecaroz Agara, Carmen GĂłmez-GonzĂĄlez, Amaia Aguirre-Quiñonero, JosĂ© Israel LĂłpez-Mirones, Marina FernĂĄndez-Torres, Maria Rosario Almela-Ferrer, Ana Carvajal, Juan Miguel Fregeneda-Grandes, HĂ©ctor ArgĂŒello, Gustavo Cilla Eguiluz, Milagrosa Montes Ros, Luis Piñeiro VĂĄzquez, Ane Sorarrain, JosĂ© MarĂa MarimĂłn, JosĂ© J. Costa-Alcalde, RocĂo Trastoy, Gema Barbeito Castiñeiras, Amparo Coira, MarĂa Luisa PĂ©rez del Molino, Antonio Aguilera, Begoña Palop-BorrĂĄs, Inmaculada de Toro Peinado, Maria ConcepciĂłn Mediavilla Gradolph, Mercedes PĂ©rez-Ruiz, Mirian FernĂĄndez-Alonso, Jose Luis del Pozo, Oscar GonzĂĄlez-Recio, MĂłnica GutiĂ©rrez-Rivas, Jovita FernĂĄndez-Pinero, Miguel Ăngel JimĂ©nez Clavero, Begoña Fuster EscrivĂĄ, ConcepciĂłn Gimeno Cardona, MarĂa Dolores Ocete MochĂłn, Rafael Medina-Gonzalez, JosĂ© Antonio Lepe, VerĂłnica GonzĂĄlez GalĂĄn, Ăngel RodrĂguez-Villodres, Nieves Gonzalo JimĂ©nez, Jordi Reina, Carla LĂłpez-CausapĂ©, Maria Dolores GĂłmez-Ruiz, Eva M. Gonzalez-Barbera, JosĂ© Luis LĂłpez-Hontangas, Vicente MartĂn, Antonio J. Molina, Tania Fernandez-Villa, Ana Milagro Beamonte, Nieves Felisa MartĂnez-Cameo, Yolanda Gracia-Grataloup, Rosario Moreno-Muñoz, Maria Dolores Tirado Balaguer, JosĂ© MarĂa Navarro-MarĂ, Irene Pedrosa-Corral, Sara Sanbonmatsu-GĂĄmez, Antonio Oliver, MĂłnica Parra Grande, BĂĄrbara GĂłmez Alonso, Francisco JosĂ© Arjona ZaragozĂ, Maria Carmen PĂ©rez GonzĂĄlez, Francisco Javier Chamizo LĂłpez, Ana Bordes-BenĂtez, NĂșria Rabella, Ferran Navarro, Elisenda MirĂł, Antonio Rezusta, Alexander Tristancho, EncarnaciĂłn Simarro CĂłrdoba, Julia Lozano-Serra, Lorena Robles Fonseca, Ălex Soriano, Francisco Javier Roig Sena, Hermelinda Vanaclocha Luna, Isabel SanmartĂn, Daniel GarcĂa-Souto, Ana Pequeño-Valtierra, Jose M. C. Tubio, Javier Temes, Jorge RodrĂguez-Castro, MartĂn Santamarina GarcĂa, Manuel RodrĂguez-Iglesias, FĂĄtima GalĂĄn-Sanchez, Salud RodrĂguez-Pallares, JosĂ© Manuel Azcona-GutiĂ©rrez, Miriam Blasco-Alberdi, Alfredo Mayor, Alberto L. GarcĂa-Basteiro, Gemma Moncunill, Carlota Dobaño, Pau CisterĂł, Oriol MitjĂ , Camila GonzĂĄlez-Beiras, MartĂ Vall-Mayans, Marc Corbacho-MonnĂ©, Andrea Alemany, Cristina Muñoz-Cuevas, Guadalupe RodrĂguez-RodrĂguez, Rafael Benito, Sonia Algarate, Jessica Bueno, Andrea Vergara-GĂłmez, Miguel J. MartĂnez, Jordi Vila, Elisa Rubio, Aida PeirĂł-Mestres, Jessica Navero-Castillejos, David Posada, Diana Valverde, Nuria EstĂ©vez, Iria FernĂĄndez-Silva, Loretta de Chiara, Pilar Gallego-GarcĂa, Nair Varela, Ulises GĂłmez-Pinedo, MĂłnica Gozalo-MargĂŒello, Maria Eliecer Cano GarcĂa, JosĂ© Manuel MĂ©ndez-Legaza, Jesus RodrĂguez-Lozano, MarĂa Siller, Daniel Pablo-Marcos, Maria Montserrat Ruiz-GarcĂa, Antonio Galiana, Judith SĂĄnchez-Almendro, Maria Isabel GascĂłn Ros, Cristina Juana Torregrosa-Hetland, Eva MarĂa Pastor Boix, Paloma Cascales Ramos, Pedro Luis Garcinuño EnrĂquez, Salvador Raga Borja, Julia GonzĂĄlez CantĂł, Olalla MartĂnez Macias, Adolfo de Salazar, Laura Viñuela GonzĂĄlez, Natalia Chueca, Federico GarcĂa, Cristina GĂłmez-Camarasa, Amparo Farga MartĂ, RocĂo FalcĂłn, Victoria DomĂnguez-MĂĄrquez, Anna M. Planas, Israel FernĂĄndez-CĂĄdenas, Maria Ăngeles Marcos, Carmen Ezpeleta, Ana NavascuĂ©s, Ana Miqueleiz Zapatero, Manuel Segovia, Antonio Moreno-DocĂłn, Esther Viedma, RaĂșl Recio MartĂnez, Irene Muñoz-Gallego, Sara Gonzalez-Bodi, Maria Dolores Folgueira, JesĂșs Mingorance, Elias Dahdouh, Fernando LĂĄzaro-Perona, MarĂa RodrĂguez-Tejedor, MarĂa Pilar Romero-GĂłmez, Julio GarcĂa-RodrĂguez, Juan Carlos GalĂĄn, Mario RodrĂguez-Dominguez, Laura MartĂnez-GarcĂa, Melanie Abreu Di Berardino, Manuel Ponce-Alonso, Jose Maria GonzĂĄlez-Alba, Ivan Sanz-Muñoz, Diana PĂ©rez San JosĂ©, Maria Gil Fortuño, Juan B. Bellido-Blasco, Alberto YagĂŒe Muñoz, Noelia HernĂĄndez PĂ©rez, Helena Buj JordĂĄ, Ăscar PĂ©rez Olaso, Alejandro GonzĂĄlez Praetorius, Nora Mariela MartĂnez RamĂrez, Aida RamĂrez Marinero, Eduardo Padilla LeĂłn, Alba Vilas Basil, Mireia Canal Aranda, Albert Bernet SĂĄnchez, Alba BellĂ©s BellĂ©s, Eric LĂłpez GonzĂĄlez, IvĂĄn Prats SĂĄnchez, MercĂš GarcĂa-GonzĂĄlez, Miguel JosĂ© MartĂnez-Lirola, Manuel Ăngel RodrĂguez Maresca, Maria Teresa Cabezas FernĂĄndez, MarĂa Eugenia Carrillo Gil, Maria Paz Ventero MartĂn, Carmen Molina Pardines, Nieves Orta Mira, MarĂa Navarro Cots, Inmaculada Vidal CatalĂĄ, Isabel GarcĂa Nava, Soledad Illescas FernĂĄndez-Bermejo, JosĂ© MartĂnez-AlarcĂłn, Marta Torres-Narbona, Cristina Colmenarejo, Lidia GarcĂa-Agudo, Jorge A. PĂ©rez GarcĂa, MartĂn Yago LĂłpez, MarĂa Ăngeles Goberna Bravo, Victoria SimĂłn GarcĂa, Gonzalo Llop Furquet, AgustĂn Iranzo Tatay, Sandra Moreno-Marro, Noelia Lozano RodrĂguez, Amparo Broseta Tamarit, Juan JosĂ© Badiola DĂez, Amparo MartĂnez-RamĂrez, Ana Dopazo, Sergio Callejas, Alberto BengurĂa, Begoña Aguado, Antonio AlcamĂ, Marta Bermejo Bermejo, Ricardo Ramos-RuĂz, VĂctor Manuel FernĂĄndez Soria, Fernando SimĂłn Soria & Mercedes Roig CardellsThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the world radically since 2020. Spain was one of the European countries with the highest incidence during the first wave. As a part of a consortium to monitor and study the evolution of the epidemic, we sequenced 2,170 samples, diagnosed mostly before lockdown measures. Here, we identified at least 500 introductions from multiple international sources and documented the early rise of two dominant Spanish epidemic clades (SECs), probably amplified by superspreading events. Both SECs were related closely to the initial Asian variants of SARS-CoV-2 and spread widely across Spain. We inferred a substantial reduction in the effective reproductive number of both SECs due to public-health interventions (Reâ<â1), also reflected in the replacement of SECs by a new variant over the summer of 2020. In summary, we reveal a notable difference in the initial genetic makeup of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain compared with other European countries and show evidence to support the effectiveness of lockdown measures in controlling virus spread, even for the most successful genetic variants.This work was mainly funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III project COV20/00140, with additional funding by Spanish National Research Council project CSIC-COV19-021, Ministerio de Ciencia project PID2019-104477RB-100, ERC StG 638553 and ERC CoG 101001038 to I.C., and BFU2017-89594R to F.G.C. M.C. is supported by RamĂłn y Cajal program from Ministerio de Ciencia and grants RTI2018-094399-A-I00 and Generalitat Valenciana (Regional Government) project SEJI/2019/011. We gratefully acknowledge Hospital Universitari Vall dâHebron, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Lab and all the international researchers and institutions that submitted sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes to the GISAIDâs EpiCov Database (Supplementary Table 1), as an important part of our analyses has been made possible by the sharing of their work. We also thank Unidad de BioinformĂĄtica y EstadĂstica, Centro de InvestigaciĂłn PrĂncipe Felipe, for allowing us to use the Computer Cluster to perform some of the bioinformatic analysis.Peer reviewe
Measurement of the (eta c)(1S) production cross-section in proton-proton collisions via the decay (eta c)(1S) -> p(p)over-bar
The production of the state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range GeV/c. The cross-section for prompt production of mesons relative to the prompt cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be at a centre-of-mass energy TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb, and at TeV using 2.0 fb. The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the and decays to the final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of -hadron decays into mesons is measured, for the first time, to be , where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the inclusive branching fraction from -hadron decays. The difference between the and meson masses is determined to be MeV/c.The production of the state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range . The cross-section for prompt production of mesons relative to the prompt cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be at a centre-of-mass energy using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7Â fb , and at using 2.0Â fb . The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the and decays to the final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of -hadron decays into mesons is measured, for the first time, to be , where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the inclusive branching fraction from -hadron decays. The difference between the and meson masses is determined to be .The production of the state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range GeV/c. The cross-section for prompt production of mesons relative to the prompt cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be at a centre-of-mass energy TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb, and at TeV using 2.0 fb. The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the and decays to the final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of -hadron decays into mesons is measured, for the first time, to be , where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the inclusive branching fraction from -hadron decays. The difference between the and meson masses is determined to be MeV/c
A study of CP violation in B-+/- -> DK +/- and B-+/- -> D pi(+/-) decays with D -> (KSK +/-)-K-0 pi(-/+) final states
A first study of CP violation in the decay modes and , where labels a or meson and labels a or meson, is performed. The analysis uses the LHCb data set collected in collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb. The analysis is sensitive to the CP-violating CKM phase through seven observables: one charge asymmetry in each of the four modes and three ratios of the charge-integrated yields. The results are consistent with measurements of using other decay modes
Search for CP violation using T-odd correlations in D-0 -> K+K-pi(+)pi(-) decays
A search for violation using -odd correlations is performed using the four-body decay, selected from semileptonic decays. The data sample corresponds to integrated luminosities of and recorded at the centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV, respectively. The -violating asymmetry is measured to be . Searches for violation in different regions of phase space of the four-body decay, and as a function of the decay time, are also presented. No significant deviation from the conservation hypothesis is found
Measurement of CP asymmetry in B-s(0) -> D-s(-/+) K--/+ decays
We report on measurements of the time-dependent CP violating observables in decays using a dataset corresponding to 1.0 fb of pp collisions recorded with the LHCb detector. We find the CP violating observables , , , , , where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. We use these observables to make the first measurement of the CKM angle in decays, finding = (115) modulo 180 at 68% CL, where the error contains both statistical and systematic uncertainties.We report on measurements of the time-dependent CP violating observables in B âââD K decays using a dataset corresponding to 1.0 fb of pp collisions recorded with the LHCb detector. We find the CP violating observables C = 0.53±0.25±0.04, A â=â0.37â±â0.42â±â0.20, , S = â1.09±0.33±0.08, , where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Using these observables together with a recent measurement of the B mixing phase â2ÎČ leads to the first extraction of the CKM angle Îł from B âââD K decays, finding Îłâ=â(115 )° modulo 180° at 68% CL, where the error contains both statistical and systematic uncertainties.We report on measurements of the time-dependent CP violating observables in decays using a dataset corresponding to 1.0 fb of pp collisions recorded with the LHCb detector. We find the CP violating observables , , , , , where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Using these observables together with a recent measurement of the mixing phase leads to the first extraction of the CKM angle from decays, finding = (115) modulo 180 at 68% CL, where the error contains both statistical and systematic uncertainties
Search for the lepton flavour violating decay tau(-) -> mu(-)mu(+)mu(-)
A search for the lepton flavour violating decay is performed with the LHCb experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 2.0 fb at 8 TeV. No evidence is found for a signal, and a limit is set at 90% confidence level on the branching fraction, .A search for the lepton flavour violating decay Ï â ÎŒ ÎŒ ÎŒ is performed with the LHCb experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 2.0 fb at 8 TeV. No evidence is found for a signal, and a limit is set at 90% confidence level on the branching fraction, .A search for the lepton flavour violating decay is performed with the LHCb experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of and at . No evidence is found for a signal, and a limit is set at confidence level on the branching fraction,
- âŠ