Attitude of Saudi Female Math Teachers toward Integrating E-learning in Teaching Math at High Schools in Saudi Arabia

Leaders in government and education have launched an extensive program to reform general education in Saudi Arabia. This initiative was designed to achieve many goals with a major emphasis being the enhancement of the Saudi curriculum to take advantage of the use of technology to improve education. A goal of this project was for e-learning to be a part of public education in an attempt to improve student learning and to make education accessible to all citizens.;This study was designed to examine high school female math teachers\u27 attitudes toward the use of e-learning in teaching mathematics in selected high schools in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. It also sought to determine the extent to which e-learning had been adopted in high schools. The study also examined the results to determine if there were any statistically significant differences in female math teachers\u27 attitudes toward e-learning based on the variables of academic degree, years of experience, computer course training, and computer lab availability.;A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect data on teacher attitudes toward the use of e-learning in education. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze much of the data generated from the questionnaire. Means, standard deviations, ranges, frequencies, percentages, and diagrams were used to compile and analyze the data. A t-test was used to test for statistically significant differences in teachers\u27 attitudes for the variables of academic degree, years of experience, computer course training, and computer lab availability.;The analysis of the responses to the questionnaire revealed that the female high school math teachers\u27 attitudes toward the use of e-learning were highly positive. The mean responses to the questionnaire items revealed that the teachers believed that e-learning made teaching more effective, more interesting, and enhanced the quality of teaching. There was general agreement that e-learning helped them meet the individual needs of the learners. The results of the study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in teachers\u27 attitudes toward e-learning when examined for the variables of academic degree, years of teaching experience, computer course training, and computer lab availability. Recommendations were made for professional development, in-service training, technology integration, and logistics and infrastructure improvement

Effect of rapid thermal annealing on the electrical properties of dilute GaAsPN based diodes

© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. The effect of rapid thermal annealing on the electrical properties of p++GaP/p-GaAsPN/n+GaP diodes were investigated by using current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V) and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) techniques in the temperature range from 100 K to 440 K. It was observed that rapid thermal annealing treatment improves the electrical characteristics of as-grown structures. The annealed samples showed an ideality factor lower than the as-grown samples for all temperatures. The ideality factor values from I-V characteristics has changed between 6.8 and 1.9 in the temperature range of 110-430 K for as grown diode, and between 6.3 and 1.44 in the temperature range 100-400 K for the annealed diode. On the other hand, the barrier height increases and the ideality factor decreases with increasing temperature for all samples. The barrier height values has changed between 0.29 eV and 0.71 eV in the temperature range of 190-430 K for as grown diode, and between 0.38 eV and 0.77 eV in the temperature range 180-420 K for the annealed diode. High values of barrier heights were observed in the annealed samples due to the barrier height in-homogeneities at the p-i-n junction. The net acceptor concentration was calculated to be 1.18 × 1018 cm-3 and 2.11 × 1018 cm-3 for the as-grown and annealed GaAsPN layers, respectively. The net acceptor concentration increases by and the leakage current of the GaAsPN/GaP p-i-n junction decreases by 1-2 orders after RTA. DLTS and Laplace-DLTS measurements reveal three hole traps, H1an(0.06 eV), H2an(0.065 eV) and H3(0.23 eV) in the annealed samples as compared with two hole traps, H4ag(0.07 eV) and H5(0.25 eV) in the as-grown samples. After rapid thermal annealing an extra shallow trap is created

Critical evaluation of English and Saudi insurance law: A case for reform

The global significance of English law continues, particularly in Saudi as it is the most frequently chosen insurance policy law. Both jurisdictions provide consumer protections in insurance markets including the Consumer Insurance (Disclosure and) Act and the 2015 Insurance Act and the Insurance Consumer Protection Principles 2014 in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to analyse the current reform impact on the interpretation of these doctrines between the UK and Saudi jurisdictions. In the last few years British insurance law has been significantly reviewed and modified and the most recent amendments, as per the Insurance Act 2015, are of the greatest significance and will be given due consideration within this paper. However, both the rationale for the reforms and the reform process will be reviewed as well as the UK perspective of the increasing rivalries between countries on account of legal business

Exome sequencing identified rare variants in genes HSPG2 and ATP2B4 in a family segregating developmental dysplasia of the hip

Variant filtration process illustrating the exome filtering scheme in two affected individuals. Panel 1: Genes containing rare variants (1% in 1000G/ExAC/in-house database; absent from dbSNP) and in accordance with an autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance (shared between affected samples III:5 and IV:2). ACOT8, ADCK1, AGMO, ANGPT4, ANKS3, ATP2B4, BARHL1, C12orf44, C18orf56, CACTIN, CCM2L, CEACAM4, CRISPLD2, CTAGE7P, CTSA, CTSE, DAGLB, DAZAP2, DCTN4, DENND1B, EDEM1, EMG1, FAM154A, FAM19A2, GSK3A, HIPK1, HMCN2, HNRNPUL1, HSPG2, INCENP, INTS1, IRG1, KCNIP4, KHSRP, LEPREL2, LPPR3, MAN1C1, MICALCL, MREG, MUC5B, NAV1, NEURL2, NPR2, NUCKS1, PCSK5, PDS5A, PLCG2, POMT1, PPL, PRDM7, PRKAB1, SEZ6L, SLC6A12, SLC7A5, SLIT2, ZCCHC8, ZNF335, ZNF648, ZNF780A. (JPG 128 kb

Investigation of the effect of different thicknesses and thermal annealing on the optical properties of GaAs0.1P0.89N0.01 alloys grown on GaP substrates

This work investigates the effect of the thickness of the epitaxial layer (100 nm and 1 μm) on the optical properties of quaternary GaAs0.1P0.89N0.01 alloys. Furthermore, the effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on their properties has been studied using the Photoluminescence (PL) technique. Increasing the thickness of the epilayer led to an enhancement of the PL intensity as well as the energy bandgap, which was shifted to higher energy (from 1.82 eV in 100 nm to 1.94 eV in 1 μm layer). However, the 1.94 eV bandgap energy is not ideal for solar cells based materials grown on GaP substrates. Post-growth thermal annealing by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) for both samples resulted in an enhancement in the optical properties as observed by a decrease of the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and an increase of the PL intensity. Therefore, all results obtained in this study indicate that GaAs0.1P0.89N0.01 with 100 nm epilayer thick is better choice to fabricate good efficiency solar cells based materials on GaP substrates as compared to 1 μm sample

Systematic Review in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia for The Role of Prostatic Arterial Embolization

This study aimed at reviewing the role of Prostatic Arterial Embolization (PAE) as a new treatment producer for patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). The study reviewed the recent researches of  Prostatic Arterial Embolization (PAE) as a new treatment technique and concluded that the initial reported results of PAE seem promising, mainly during the first 12 months after treatment. However, no comparison was made to medical therapy or surgical therapies. Overlapping patient data and reporting bias could not be excluded. None of the included studies performed a power analysis. Also, a relatively small number of patients are treated with a short follow-up period. Therefore, more studies are needed with more patients and longer periods of follow-up, compared with standard medical and surgical therapies, to assess whether PAE is an effective and safe alternative treatment for BPH

Acute Kidney Injury Caused Due to Colistin Therapy: A Case Report Study Analysis

An abrupt bout of kidney damage or failure that lasts a few hours to a few days is referred to as acute renal failure (ARF) or acute kidney injury (AKI). Nephrotoxicity is classified into the following categories: R-risk, I-injury, F-failure, L-loss of function, and E-end stage renal failure. It is inherited, brought on by medications, and associated with diabetes, liver diseases, and heart issues. Typically, a drug's dose-dependent nephrotoxicity affects its severity. Multi-medication resistant (MDR) infections have led to an unprecedented increase in the use of Colistin medicine. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other gram-negative bacteria are to blame. One type of bacteria is Acinetobacter baumannii. This paper will provide the case of a 62-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital after receiving a diagnosis of venous thromboembolism and anemia. Human-acquired pneumonia results from Acinetobacter baumannii's multidrug resistance, which makes the bacteria only responsive to the antibiotics colistin and azithromycin meropenem. Two days after commencing the (Oliguria-500) medicine, there was a decrease in urine production. The renal parenchyma showed changes, and the levels of creatinine were elevated to 3.18 mg/dL. USG has been seen. Laboratory results indicate that he suffered from AKI Colistin and demonstrates strong (Naranjo score: 8) usually connected to AKI. Drug dosages were not changed. It was routine practice to monitor BUN and creatinine levels. The amount of urine produced increased to 2450 mL 15 days following treatment. Respiratory failure is one of the neurological side effects of collistin was ignored. On discharge day, the patient was stable and doing well. It seems from this that if the medication is beneficial and the risk is manageable, there is no reason to stop taking it; however, careful observation is needed. Diminish the quantity of adverse reactions

P2X7 Receptor Primes IL-1β and the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Astrocytes Subjected to Mechanical Strain

Inflammatory responses play a key role in many neural pathologies, with localized signaling from non-immune cells making critical contributions. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an important component of innate immune signaling and can link neural insult to chronic inflammation. Stimulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a two-stage process. The priming stage involves upregulation of the biosynthesis of the structural components while activation results in their assembly into the actual inflammasome complex and subsequent activation. The priming step can be rate limiting and can connect insult to chronic inflammation but our knowledge of the signals that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome priming in sterile inflammatory conditions is limited. This study examined the link between mechanical strain and inflammasome priming in neural systems. Transient non-ischemic elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) increased mRNA for inflammasome components IL-1β, NLRP3, ASC, CASP1 and IL-6 in rat and mouse retinas. The P2X7 receptor was implicated in the in vivo mechanosensitive priming of IL-1β and IL-6 transcription and translation. In vitro experiments with optic nerve head astrocytes demonstrated enhanced expression of the IL-1β and IL-6 genes following stretching or swelling. The increase in IL-1β expression was inhibited by degradation of extracellular ATP with apyrase, blocking pannexin hemichannels with carbenoxolone, probenecid or 10Panx1 peptide, P2X7 receptor antagonists (BBG, A839977 or A740003) as well inhibition of the NFκB transcription factor with Bay 11-7082. The swelling-dependent fall in expression of the NFκB inhibitor IκB-α was reduced by treatment of cells with A839977 and in P2X7 knockout mice. In summary, our data suggest that mechanical trauma to the retina results in priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome components and upregulated IL-6 expression and release. This was dependent upon ATP release through pannexin hemichannels and autostimulation of the P2X7 receptor. Since the P2X7 receptor can also trigger inflammasome activation it appears to have a central role in linking mechanical strain to neuroinflammation

Impact of Knowledge and Attitude on Saudis’ Physical Activity Practice and Inactivity Barriers: A Questionnaire-based Study

BACKGROUND: Community participation in physical activity is considered a major public health preference of WHO. Saudi Arabia in the last decades faced many tremendous economic changes leading to adoption of western dietary habits associated with sedentary lifestyle. AIM: We aimed to study the relationship between both physical activity knowledge and attitude of community to the practice of individuals. METHODS: We used a questionnaire consists of a mixture of closed-ended questions. Participants were recruited through direct meetings in local markets, schools, and workplaces. Seven hundred and sixty six individuals agreed to participate. RESULTS: Overall correct answers to questions about importance of physical activity were 76.58%. The predominance of participants’ attitude was to establish public places for physical activity in each neighborhood (92.1%). Participants acknowledged that they exercise to improve their health (47.5%). Participants mainly perform light exercises (47.2%) on basis of 1–3 times weekly (48.9%). About 90.8% of participants admitted that they like to increase duration of their physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Overall physical activity practice of participants’ needs encourage overcoming obstacles that prevent individuals from practicing especially lack of time

Magnetic Field and Gravity Effects on Peristaltic Transport of a Jeffrey Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel

In this paper, the peristaltic flow of a Jeffrey fluid in an asymmetric channel has been investigated. Mathematical modeling is carried out by utilizing long wavelength and low Reynolds number assumptions. Closed form expressions for the pressure gradient, pressure rise, stream function, axial velocity, and shear stress on the channel walls have been computed numerically. Effects of the Hartmann number, the ratio of relaxation to retardation times, time-mean flow, the phase angle and the gravity field on the pressure gradient, pressure rise, streamline, axial velocity, and shear stress are discussed in detail and shown graphically. The results indicate that the effect of Hartmann number, ratio of relaxation to retardation times, time-mean flow, phase angle, and gravity field are very pronounced in the peristaltic transport phenomena. Comparison was made with the results obtained in the presence and absence of magnetic field and gravity field