Comer por aburrimiento: relación entre tendencia al aburrimiento y estilos de ingesta en población general.

Antecedentes: Por comer emocional se entiende la tendencia a comer con el objetivo de regular emociones negativas, entre ellas el aburrimiento sin atender a las necesidades de hambre. El objetivo del presente estudio es examinar las relaciones existentes entre la tendencia al aburrimiento y los estilos de ingesta y la regulación emocional. Método: La muestra consiste en 123 personas adultas. Las medidas utilizadas incluyen los estilos de ingesta medidos a través del Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (debq), la tendencia al aburrimiento, a través del Boredom Proneness Scale (bps ), la regulación emocional mediante el Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (erq) y la alexitimia, a través del Toronto Alexthymia Scale (tas-20). Resultados: Los resultados analizados, muestran una correlación negativa significativa entre la falta de estimulación interna (mayor experiencia de aburrimiento) y el comer emocional, con una mayor incapacidad para identificar las emociones. Por otro lado, se observan correlaciones significativas positivas entre la falta de estimulación externa y la dificultad para regular emociones, además de problemas para identificar los sentimientos y la dificultad para verbalizarlos. Conclusiones: La tendencia a sentir aburrimiento por la falta de estimulación interna, parece que se relaciona con una mayor tendencia a comer para regular emociones y la dificultad de etiquetarlas. El estudio del comer emocional y su relación con el aburrimiento, puede ser de gran ayuda a la hora de plantear intervenciones que tengan como objetivo la pérdida de peso o el cambio de estilos de vida.Background: Emotional eating refers to the tendency to eat with the aim of regulating negative emotions like boredom without taking care of the hunger necessities. The objective of the present study is to examine the relations between boredom proneness, the eating styles and emotional regulation. Method: The sample consists of 123 adult people. The measures used include eating styles measured through Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (debq), Boredom Proneness with Boredom Proneness Scale (BSP ), the emotional regulation by the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Alexithymia though Toronto Alexthymia Scale (tas-20). Results: The results show significant negative correlation between the lack of internal stimulation (greater experience of boredom) and emotional eating, with a greater incapacity to identify emotions. On the other hand, it is observed significant positive correlations between the lack of external stimulation and the difficulties in emotion regulation, in addition to, problems to identify feelings and the difficulty to verbalize them. Conclusions: The tendency to feel boredom by the lack of internal stimulation is related to a greater tendency to eat for regulating emotions and the problems to label them. The research of emotional eating and its relation with boredom, can be helpful to design interventions that target the weight loss or change lifestyles

El bienestar psicológico y la felicidad como variables protectoras en los Trastornos Adaptativos. Un estudio exploratorio

III Jornades d’Investigació per a l’Alumnat de la Facultat de Ciències de la SalutIntroducción: La relación existente entre la satisfacción con la vida y la felicidad conrespecto a variables psicológicas clínicas ha sido ampliamente estudiada. Existen estudiosque muestran al afecto positivo como amortiguador del estrés y de otros síntomasclínicos, así como potenciador de comportamientos saludables y calidad de vida.Objetivo: Explorar las relaciones existentes entre las variables de satisfacción con lavida y felicidad subjetiva como factores protectores de síntomas clínicos en una muestrade pacientes diagnosticados de Trastorno Adaptativo (TA). Método: La muestraincluyó 46 participantes (media de edad= 33.2; DT= 8.47). Como medidas positivas seincluyeron las escalas de felicidad subjetiva (SHS) y satisfacción con la vida (SWLS).Las medidas clínicas fueron: depresión, síntomas de estrés y pérdida y percepción decapacidad para afrontar el problema. Resultados: Se obtuvieron correlaciones significativasen la dirección esperada entre las variables positivas y las variables clínicasde depresión y autoeficacia. Los síntomas de estrés y pérdida solamente correlacionaronsignificativamente con la felicidad. Los resultados posteriores mediante regresiónlineal reflejaron que ambas variables positivas predecían la gravedad de la sintomatologíadepresiva. Además, la satisfacción con la vida predecía el grado deautoeficacia para afrontar el problema, mientras que la felicidad subjetiva fue predictorade menos síntomas de estrés y pérdida asociados al mismo. Conclusión: Losresultados preliminares obtenidos están en la línea de los hallados en otros trabajos yreflejan la importancia de atender, en pacientes con diagnóstico de TA, a variablespsicológicas positivas como las incluidas en este estudio.Introduction: The relationship between satisfaction with life and the growing happinessof clinical psychological variables has been thoroughly studied. Some studiesshow positive affection as a shock absorber of stress and other clinical symptoms, aswell as an enhancer of healthy behaviors and quality of life. Objective: To explore therelationship between life satisfaction and subjective happiness as protective factors forclinical symptoms in a sample of patients diagnosed with Adjustment Disorder (AD).Method: The sample included 46 participants (mean age = 33.2, SD = 8.47). Positivemeasures included subjective happiness (SHS) and satisfaction with life (SWLS)scales. The clinical measures were: depression, symptoms of stress and loss, and perceptionof the ability to cope with the problem. Results: Significant correlations wereobtained in the expected direction between the positive variables and the clinical variablesof depression and self-efficacy. Symptoms of stress and loss only correlatedsignificantly with happiness. Subsequent linear regression results showed that bothpositive variables predicted the severity of depressive symptoms. In addition, satisfactionwith life predicted the degree of self-efficacy to cope with the problem, while subjectivehappiness was predictive of less symptoms of stress and loss associated with it.Conclusion: The preliminary results obtained are in line with those found in other studiesand reflect the importance of attending, in patients with a diagnosis of AD, positivepsychological variables such as those included in this study

Internet-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) for Adults with Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD): A Study Protocol for a Randomized Feasibility Trial

Introduction Grief is an emotional reaction to the loss of a loved one with a natural recovery. Approximately 10% of people who lose a loved one develop prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Internet-based and computer-based interventions (ie, internet-delivered cognitive-behavioural therapy, iCBT) are a cost-effective alternative that makes it possible to reach more people with PGD. The main aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of a new iCBT-called GROw-for PGD. As a secondary objective, the potential effectiveness of GROw will be explored. Methods and analysis This study is a two-arm feasibility randomised trial. A total of 48 adults with PGD who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomised to the experimental group (iCBT: GROw) or the active control group (face-to-face CBT treatment). The treatment is organised sequentially in eight modules in the iCBT format and 8-10 sessions in the face-to-face format, and both formats have the same therapeutic components. There will be five assessment points with qualitative and quantitative evaluations: screening, baseline, after the intervention, 3-month follow-up and 12-month follow-up. Consistent with the objectives, the measures are related to the feasibility outcomes for the main aim of the study (participant adherence, expectations and satisfaction with the treatment, preferences, alliance and utility) and psychological and mental health outcomes for secondary analyses (symptoms of grief, symptoms of depression, symptoms of anxiety, affectivity, quality of life, work and social adaptation, post-traumatic growth, purpose in life, mindfulness and compassion). Ethics and dissemination The Ethics Committee of the Universitat Jaume I (Castellon, Spain) granted approval for the study (CD/002/2019). Dissemination will include publications and presentations at national and international conferences

Prácticas de PS1034: Evaluación e Intervención Clínica

Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia . Codi assignatura: PS103

Can between-session homework be delivered digitally? A pilot randomized clinical trial of CBT for adjustment disorders

Adjustment disorder (AjD) is one of the most common disorders in clinical practice, and its symptoms are severe enough to cause great distress and functional impairment. The AjD CBT protocol specifically developed for this disorder has shown positive results when delivered face to face and through virtual reality. Despite existing evidence supporting the benefits of therapeutic homework as part of a psychological intervention, little is known about how to increase homework engagement in psychotherapy. This study examines the feasibility (doability, initial efficacy and acceptability) of a digital support system to deliver homework via the Internet in the treatment of AjD. Participants were randomly assigned to a traditional homework condition or a digital support system condition. Both interventions resulted in statistically significant improvements, with large effect sizes, in all the outcome measures at post-treatment, with no significant differences between groups. At 12-month follow-up, these therapeutic gains were maintained, and an improvement was even observed in both conditions, with no significant differences between groups. Additionally, treatment satisfaction predicted efficacy in both groups separately and when the whole group was considered. This is the first study to explore the feasibility an initial efficacy of delivering a therapeutic homework component for AjD through the Internet

Evaluation of a mindfulness-based intervention with and without virtual reality dialectical behavior therapy® mindfulness skills training for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in primary care: A pilot study

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a very prevalent disorder in primary care (PC). Most patients with GAD never seek treatment, and those who do seek treatment often drop out before completing treatment. Although it is an understudied treatment, Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) indicate preliminary efficacy for the treatment of GAD symptoms, but many patients with GAD present other associated symptoms (e.g., attention deficits) that complicate the treatment. Virtual Reality DBT® Mindfulness Skills learning has recently been developed to make learning mindfulness easier for patients with emotion dysregulation who have trouble concentrating. Virtual Reality (VR) might serve as a visual guide for practicing mindfulness as it gives patients the illusion of "being there" in the 3D computer generated world. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of two MBIs (a MBI in a group setting alone and the same MBI plus 10 min VR DBT® Mindfulness skills training) to reduce GAD symptoms. A secondary aim was to explore the effect in depression, emotion regulation, mindfulness, and interoceptive awareness. Other exploratory aims regarding the use of VR DBT® Mindfulness skills were also carried out. The sample was composed of 42 patients (roughly half in each group) with GAD attending PC visits. After treatment, both groups of patients showed significant improvements in General Anxiety Disorder measured by the GAD-7 using mixed regression models [MBI alone (B = -5.70; p < 0.001; d = -1.36), MBI+VR DBT® Mindfulness skills (B = -4.38; p < 0.001; d = -1.33)]. Both groups also showed significant improvements in anxiety, depression, difficulties of emotion regulation and several aspects of mindfulness and interoceptive awareness. Patients in the group that received additional 10 min VR DBT Mindfulness Skills training were significantly more adherent to the treatment than those receiving only standard MBI (100% completion rate in MBI + VR vs. 70% completion rate in MBI alone; Fisher = 0.020). Although randomized controlled studies with larger samples are needed, this pilot study shows preliminary effectiveness of MBI to treat GAD, and preliminary evidence that adjunctive VR DBT® Mindfulness Skills may reduce dropouts

Evaluation of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention With and Without Virtual Reality Dialectical Behavior Therapy® Mindfulness Skills Training for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Primary Care: A Pilot Study

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a very prevalent disorder in primary care (PC). Most patients with GAD never seek treatment, and those who do seek treatment often drop out before completing treatment. Although it is an understudied treatment, Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) indicate preliminary efficacy for the treatment of GAD symptoms, but many patients with GAD present other associated symptoms (e.g., attention deficits) that complicate the treatment. Virtual Reality DBT® Mindfulness Skills learning has recently been developed to make learning mindfulness easier for patients with emotion dysregulation who have trouble concentrating. Virtual Reality (VR) might serve as a visual guide for practicing mindfulness as it gives patients the illusion of “being there” in the 3D computer generated world. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of two MBIs (a MBI in a group setting alone and the same MBI plus 10 min VR DBT® Mindfulness skills training) to reduce GAD symptoms. A secondary aim was to explore the effect in depression, emotion regulation, mindfulness, and interoceptive awareness. Other exploratory aims regarding the use of VR DBT® Mindfulness skills were also carried out. The sample was composed of 42 patients (roughly half in each group) with GAD attending PC visits. After treatment, both groups of patients showed significant improvements in General Anxiety Disorder measured by the GAD-7 using mixed regression models [MBI alone (B = -5.70; p &lt; 0.001; d = -1.36), MBI+VR DBT® Mindfulness skills (B = -4.38; p &lt; 0.001; d = -1.33)]. Both groups also showed significant improvements in anxiety, depression, difficulties of emotion regulation and several aspects of mindfulness and interoceptive awareness. Patients in the group that received additional 10 min VR DBT Mindfulness Skills training were significantly more adherent to the treatment than those receiving only standard MBI (100% completion rate in MBI + VR vs. 70% completion rate in MBI alone; Fisher = 0.020). Although randomized controlled studies with larger samples are needed, this pilot study shows preliminary effectiveness of MBI to treat GAD, and preliminary evidence that adjunctive VR DBT® Mindfulness Skills may reduce dropouts

Economic impact of third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies: a systematic review and quality assessment of economic evaluations in randomized controlled trials

The term third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) encompasses new forms of CBT that both extend and innovate within CBT. Most third-wave therapies have been subject to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on clinical effectiveness; however, the number and quality of economic evaluations in these RCTs has been unknown and may be few. Evidence about efficiency of these therapies may help support decisions on efficient allocation of resources in health policies. The main aim of this study was to systematically review the economic impact of third-wave therapies in the treatment of patients with physical or mental conditions. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CINALH to identify economic evaluations of third-wave therapies. Quality and Risk of Bias (RoB) assessment of economic evaluations was also made using the Drummond 35-item checklist and the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias, respectively. Eleven RCTs were included in this systematic review. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and extended Behaviour Activation (eBA) showed acceptable cost-effectiveness and cost-utility ratios. No study employed a time horizon of more than 3 years. Quality and RoB assessments highlight some limitations that temper the findings. There is some evidence that MBCT, MBSR, ACT, DBT, and eBA are efficient from a societal or a third-party payer perspective. No economic analysis was found for many third-wave therapies. Therefore, more economic evaluations with high methodological quality are needed

Relación entre los estilos de ingesta, tendencia al aburrimiento y regulación emocional en población general

Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Psicologia General Sanitària. Codi: SBF018. Curs: 2015/2016Por comer emocional se entiende la tendencia a comer con el objetivo de regular emociones negativas, entre ellas el aburrimiento, sin atender a las necesidades de hambre. El objetivo del presente estudio es examinar las relaciones existentes entre la tendencia al aburrimiento, los estilos de ingesta y la regulación emocional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 221 personas adultas (165 mujeres y 56 hombres). Las medidas utilizadas incluyen los estilos de ingesta medidos a través del Dutch Eating Beahavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), la tendencia al aburrimiento a través del Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS) y la regulación emocional mediante el Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Los resultados analizados muestran una correlación negativa significativa entre la estimulación interna y el comer emocional. Por otro lado, se observan correlaciones significativas negativas entre la estimulación externa y la dificultad para regular emociones (estrategia de supresión). Los resultados con personas con normopeso y sobrepeso reflejan una mayor relación entre el comer emocional y los individuos con sobrepeso. Los resultados referentes al género van en la línea de otras investigaciones. La tendencia a sentir aburrimiento por la falta de estimulación interna parece relacionarse con una mayor tendencia a comer para regular emociones. El estudio del comer emocional y su relación con el aburrimiento puede ser de gran ayuda a la hora de plantear intervenciones que tengan como objetivo la pérdida de peso o el cambio de estilos de vida.Emotional eating refers to the tendency to eat with the aim of regulating negative emotions like boredom without taking care of the hunger necessities. The objective of the present study is to examine the relation between boredom proneness, eating styles and emotional regulation. The sample consisted of 221 adults from the general population (165 women and 56 men). The measures used include eating styles measured through Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Boredom Proneness with Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS), and the emotional regulation by the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). The results show significant negative correlation between the internal stimulation and emotional eating. On the other hand, significant negative correlations between the external stimulation and the difficulties in emotion regulation (suppression strategy) are observed. The results with normal weight and overweight people show greater relationship in emotional eating in overweight individuals. The results concerning gender are in line with other research. The tendency to feel boredom because of a lack of internal stimulation is related to a greater tendency to eat to regulate emotions and the problems to label them. The study of emotional eating and its relation with boredom, can be of great help when designing interventions that target the weight loss or the change of lifestyles

Comer por aburrimiento : relación entre tendencia al aburrimiento y estilos de ingesta en población general

Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Psicopatologia, Salut i Neuropsicologia. Codi: SAL132. Curs: 2014/2015Por comer emocional se entiende la tendencia a comer con el objetivo de regular emociones negativas, entre ellas el aburrimiento sin atender a las necesidades de hambre. El objetivo del presente estudio es examinar las relaciones existentes entre la tendencia al aburrimiento, los estilos de ingesta y la regulación emocional. Método: La muestra consiste en 123 personas adultas. Las medidas utilizadas incluyen los estilos de ingesta medidos a través del Dutch Eating Beahavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), la tendencia al aburrimiento, a través del Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS), la regulación emocional mediante el Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) y la alexitimia, a través del Toronto Alexthymia Scale(TAS-20). Resultados: Los resultados analizados, muestran una correlación negativa significativa entre la falta de estimulación interna (mayor experiencia de aburrimiento) y el comer emocional, con una mayor incapacidad para identificar las emociones. Por otro lado, se observan correlaciones significativas positivas entre la falta de estimulación externa y la dificultad para regular emociones, además de problemas para identificar los sentimientos y la dificultad para verbalizarlos. Conclusiones: La tendencia a sentir aburrimiento por la falta de estimulación interna, parece que se relaciona con una mayor tendencia a comer para regular emociones y la dificultad de etiquetarlas. El estudio del comer emocional y su relación con el aburrimiento, puede ser de gran ayuda a la hora de plantear intervenciones que tengan como objetivo la pérdida de peso o el cambio de estilos de vida.Emotional eating refers to the tendency to eat with the aim of regulating negative emotions like boredom without taking care of the hunger necessities. The objective of the present study is to examine the relations between boredom proneness, the eating styles and emotional regulation. Method: The sample consists of 123 adult people. The measures used include eating styles measured through Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Boredom Proneness with Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS), the emotional regulation by the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Alexithymia though Toronto Alexthymia Scale (TAS-20). Results: The results show significant negative correlation between the lack of internal stimulation (greater experience of boredom) and emotional eating, with a greater incapacity to identify emotions. On the other hand, it is observed significant positive correlations between the lack of external stimulation and the difficulties in emotion regulation, in addiction, problems to identify feelings and the difficulty to verbalize them. Conclusions: The tendency to feel boredom by the lack of internal stimulation is related to a greater tendency to eat for regulating emotions and the problems to label them. The research of emotional eating and its relation with boredom, can helpful to design interventions that target the weight loss or change lifestyles