Optimization of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddpcr) for DNA copy number variation analysis of CNV esv27061 in young adults with higher blood pressure in young adults with higher blood pressure

Introduction: Copy number variation (CNV) caused by changes in DNA sequences of 1000 or more bases is implicated with susceptibility to common diseases. A study on CNV esv27061 among hypertensive Australian adults reported association with high blood pressure (BP). In Malaysia,no study on CNV among hypertensive young adults is available. Thus,this investigation aimed to assess the CNV esv27061 of young Malaysian adults with high blood pressure using optimized ddPCR. Materials and method: Ten samples each from hypertensive and healthy controls were randomly selected from samples collected for an on-going comparative cross-sectional research project among young adults living in Kuantan. The DNAs were purified using Maxwell RSC Buffy Coat DNA Kit and the concentration was measured using SimpliNano spectrophotometer. Subsequently,restriction digestion of DNAs by EcoRV was performed prior to ddPCR. The products were later subjected to droplet generation (QX100 Droplet Generator), PCR amplification and finally CNV was read by QX100 Droplet reader. Unfortunately, the above method did not yield any result. Thus, an alternative method in which purified DNA concentration was determined by QuantiFluor ONE dsDNA System (Quantus fluorometer). The DNAs (60 ng) and Alu1 were added in master mix during ddPCR and CNV esv27061 analysis was performed as stated above. Results: Optimization of method in this study showed that the detection of CNV esv27061 was possible by the use of more sensitive measurement of DNA concentration, Alu1 restriction enzyme instead of EcoRV and digestion in ddPCR reaction method rather than prior digestion. The finalized protocol run on selected hypertensive and healthy controls has shown to be reproducible and easily interpretable discrimination of gene's copy numbers. Conclusion: This optimized protocol for CNV esv27061 analysis proved useful in identifying CNV and will allow a reproducible assay evaluation and the application of this method to a bigger sample size

Customer preferences in purchasing residential property : an interview survey / Norhayati Omar... [et al.]

The economic crisis has prompted a pressing need for the housing property sector to enhance sales. Many developers face obstacles in catering to increasing demand and different customer tastes. Developers must deliver customer demands or risk experiencing losses and poor sales. The current study conducted an interview survey of 10 customers among chosen developer organizations in the Klang Valley. Analysis of the responses indicated that facilities, investment and location are what customers prioritize when choosing property. They also show a preference for condominiums and landed homes. These results suggest that developers must continue to apply relevant tactics in managing customer demands

Application of tort law in the environment due to the flood event by manmade activities

Law of Tort is one of the important roles in dealing with the environment issues. The application of Tort law in the flood issues caused by the manmade activities is indirectly protecting the environment and the rights of individual that suffered in injury, damages to property or financial loss during the flood incidents. Reviewing and analysis the Tort cases that related with flood cases is the main purpose of this study. The methodology that used to achieve the objectives is the IRAC method which contains the issues, rule, analysis and conclusion. This method is chose in order to explain about each component in detail. According to the results, the total of Tort cases is 2193. 46 from it are the environment related cases and 32 is the Tort cases related with flood events in Malaysia. 17 cases is the flood case reported from year 2000-2012 and six from that has chosen to analysis. The important element to winning the cases are owed duty by the Defendant to take reasonable care, Defendant breached that duty, any action that may cause harm to the other parties, he may suffered in loss/damage and sufficient proof are collected. The element that makes the case loss is when Plaintiff failed to produce sufficient evidence, Plaintiff did not prove actual amount of loss and when Plaintiff does not have enough information on what needed in claiming compensation. From this study, the concept of responsibility towards the the perception of environment will be able to protect the individual rights with commensurate compensation. Penalty will be given if found guilty in handling activities which may cause environment damage, thus indirectly protecting the environment

MicroRNA detection using carbon nanotubes

In this study, single-walled carbon a nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used to fabricate to liquid gated SWCNT Field-Effect Transistor (FET), which was used to detect MicroRNA (miRNA). Due to the need for non-invasive biomarkers that are label-free, the feasibility for the detection of miRNA using the liquid gated SWCNT-FET was experimented. The experiment was conducted using the mir-21 sequence which has been known to cause several cancers. Two further sequences, single-base mismatch and a non-complementary sequence was also investigated in the experimented. Finally, the sequences were tested together with rat liver total RNA extract to mimic clinical conditions. Results obtained showed that the sensitivity of the device was limited to 0.1 μM. Specificity tests done showed that the device was able to distinguish between the complementary and non-complementary sequence but was unable to detect single-base match sequence The results showed that the device produced repeatable and stable results. However, characteristics such as specificity and sensitivity can be optimized by improving the quality of the device.Bachelor of Engineering (Materials Engineering

Synthesis and crystal structure of the zinc(II) complex of 5-(2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one-4-ylhydrazono) hexahydropyrimidine -2-thioxo-4,5,6-trione

1959-1962Arylazo barbituric acid prepared by coupling diazotized 4-aminoantipyrine with 2-thiobarbituric acid is tautomerised to its hydrazone form, 5-(2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolin-5-one-4-ylhydrazono)hexahydropyrimidine-2-thioxo-4, 5, 6-trione [HTB-AAP] and acts as a tridentate monovalent ligand towards zinc(II) as evidenced by IR, ₁H-NMR and electronic spectra. The single crystal X-ray study of [Zn(TBAAP)(H₂O)₂]NO₃.DMSO reveals that the coordinating sites are the azomethine nitrogen and the two carbonyl oxygen atoms on the pyrazolone and the thiobarbituric acid rings. The zinc(II) ion is five coordinated and nitrate is in the ionic state. Thermal studies support the presence of two coordinated water molecules. XRD investigations confirm the presence of one molecule DMSO as solvate in the complex

Build your own Raspberry PI project

‘Build your own Raspberry PI project,’ is an implementation of Internet of Thing (IoT) into industrial application. IoT is able to remotely control or monitor a system through internet network without physical interaction. The project focuses on building a coupled tank control system via a local network. The tank that is used in this project is Kentridge coupled tank system. Kentridge coupled tank system is a coupled multivariable tank system with 2 inputs and 2 outputs. It consists of two tanks side by side separated by a divider plate in-between. The small opening at the base of the two tanks let the water interact, flowing on either direction. Due to its non-linear nature, PID controller is used to efficiently achieve the objective (setpoint). The coupled tank control system was built with a python programming language to control the sensors and actuators in the tank with PID. Graphical User Interface (GUI) is built for the user to monitor and control the system. The front-end GUI was built using programming languages that comprise of Hypertext Mark-up Language 5 (HTML5) and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). The back-end comprises of JavaScript and python programming for the coupled tank control system incorporating PID control. In addition, for the system to be monitored and controlled remotely via a webpage (HTTP), Flask micro framework platform is used to set Raspberry PI as a local webserver.Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Computational assessment of microburst phenomena

This Master Thesis is concerned with the transient simulation of microburst or wind shear, a metrological event which had been the cause of many aviation accidents. This thesis work is known for the validation and verification of the microburst of 2D and 3D simulation of microburst with numerical solution by using the computational fluid dynamics. By considering these factors, the thesis is progressed with the validation process; the numerical solutions are verified with various experimental solutions to affirm their accuracy and applicability. Then the s imulated steady velocity profiles and characteristics of microburst are analyzed and compared with the time-averaged data obtained from the experiments. By the use of simulated data, more insights on the entire formation process and the adverse effects caused by the wind shear would be revealed. It also contains the animation of the respective verification process, shows how the profile fully developed with flow under the certain conditions. The flows with respective velocity forms the microburst under stipulated conditions are analyzed with various experiments under different conditions. The obtained result data would useful for the generating the wind shear simulation for the pilot training in parallel research.Master of Science (Aerospace Engineering