1,264 research outputs found
Topological Comparison-based Wormhole Detection for Manet
Wormhole attack is considered one of the mostthreatening security attacks for mobile ad hocnetworks (MANET). In a wormhole attack, a tunnelis setup in advance between two colluders. Thecolluders record packets at one location and forwardthem through the tunnel to another location in thenetwork. Depending on whether or not the colludersare participating in the network functions, thewormhole attack can be further divided into twocategories: traditional wormhole attack andByzantine wormhole attack. Existing researchesfocusing on detecting traditional wormhole attackscan be classified into three categories: one-hop delaybased approach; topological analysis based orspecial hardware/middleware based approaches.Unfortunately, they all have their own limitations.Most of the researches detecting Byzantinewormhole attack are not addressing the Byzantinewormhole attack directly. Instead, they focus onobserving the consequence after a Byzantinewormhole attack, like packet dropping ormodification. In this paper, we propose to detectboth traditional and Byzantine wormhole attacks bydetecting some topological anomalies introduced bywormhole tunnels. Simulation results show that ourscheme can achieve both high wormhole attackdetection rate and accuracy. Our scheme is alsosimple to implement
Finding diamonds in the rough: Targeted Sub-threshold Search for Strongly-lensed Gravitational-wave Events
Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves can produce duplicate
signals separated in time with different amplitudes. We consider the case in
which strong lensing produces identifiable gravitational-wave events and weaker
sub-threshold signals hidden in the noise background. We present a search
method for the sub-threshold signals using reduced template banks targeting
specific confirmed gravitational-wave events. We apply the method to all events
from Advanced LIGO's first and second observing run O1/O2. Using GW150914 as an
example, we show that the method effectively reduces the noise background and
raises the significance of (near-) sub-threshold triggers. In the case of
GW150914, we can improve the sensitive distance by . Finally,
we present the top possible lensed candidates for O1/O2 gravitational-wave
events that passed our nominal significance threshold of False-Alarm-Rate days
Theory of Dynamic Stripe Induced Superconductivity
Since the recently reported giant isotope effect on T* [1] could be
consistently explained within an anharmonic spin-charge-phonon interaction
model, we consider here the role played by stripe formation on the
superconducting properties within the same model. This is a two-component
scenario and we recast its basic elements into a BCS effective Hamiltonian. We
find that the stripe formation is vital to high-Tc superconductivity since it
provides the glue between the two components to enhance Tc to the unexpectedly
large values observed experimentally.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Technology Adoption Factors For Oldera Adults: An Exploratory Gerontechnology Study
This study aims to explore the underlying factors of older adults’ technology resistance through qualitative exploratory method. A total of 139 older adults in Malaysia have been interviewed. The findings of this study shed light into these older adults’ experiences with new technology and factors affecting their technology adoption. The preliminary findings are reported and discussed
A randomized controlled trial of the effects of whole grains versus refined grains diets on the microbiome in pregnancy
Dietary whole grain consumption has been postulated to have metabolic benefits. The purpose of this study was to compare a pregnancy diet containing 75% of total carbohydrates as refined grains with a diet of 75% of total carbohydrates as whole grains for pregnancy outcomes and effects on the microbiome. Gestational weight gain, glucose tolerance and newborn outcomes were measured on 248 enrolled compliant women from whom a subset of 103 women consented to give 108 vaginal and 109 anal swabs. The data presented here are limited to the patients from whom the vaginal and anal swabs were obtained in order to study the microbiome. A microbiome—16SrRNA survey—was characterized in these samples. Samples and measurements were obtained at the first obstetrical visit, before beginning a prescribed diet (T1—baseline) and after 17–32\ua0weeks on the prescribed diet (T3). Food frequency questionnaires and total plasma alkylresorcinols were used as a measure of whole grain consumption. There were no dietary differences in maternal weight gain, birth weight, or glucose tolerance test. Mothers consuming the whole grains diet showed a trend of gestational decrease in vaginal bacterial alpha diversity, with increasing Lactobacillus-dominance. No significant difference was observed for the anal microbiome. The results suggest that diet modulations of the vaginal microbiome during gestation may have important implications for maternal and neonatal health and in the intergenerational transfer of maternal microbiome. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03232762
TESLA-X: An effective method to search for sub-threshold lensed gravitational waves with a targeted population model
Strong gravitational lensing can produce copies of gravitational-wave signals
from the same source with the same waveform morphologies but different
amplitudes and arrival times. Some of these strongly-lensed gravitational-wave
signals can be demagnified and become sub-threshold. We present TESLA-X, an
enhanced approach to the original GstLAL-based TargetEd Subthreshold Lensing
seArch (TESLA) method, for improving the detection efficiency of these
potential sub-threshold lensed signals. TESLA-X utilizes lensed injections to
generate a targeted population model and a targeted template bank. We compare
the performance of a full template bank search, TESLA, and TESLA-X methods via
a simulation campaign, and demonstrate the performance of TESLA-X in recovering
lensed injections, particularly targeting a mock event. Our results show that
the TESLA-X method achieves a maximum of higher search sensitivity
compared to the TESLA method within the sub-threshold regime, presenting a step
towards detecting the first lensed gravitational wave. TESLA-X will be employed
for the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's collaboration-wide analysis to search for lensing
signatures in the fourth observing run
Interaction Effect of Social Isolation and High Dose Corticosteroid on Neurogenesis and Emotional Behavior
Differential Effect of Saturated and Unsaturated Free Fatty Acids on the Generation of Monocyte Adhesion and Chemotactic Factors by Adipocytes: Dissociation of Adipocyte Hypertrophy From Inflammation
OBJECTIVE—Obesity is associated with monocyte-macroph-age accumulation in adipose tissue. Previously, we showed that glucose-stimulated production by adipocytes of serum amyloid A (SAA), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and hyaluro-nan (HA) facilitated monocyte accumulation. The current objec-tive was to determine how the other major nutrient, free fatty acids (FFAs), affects these molecules and monocyte recruitment by adipocytes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Differentiated 3T3-L1, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome adipocytes, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts were exposed to various FFAs (250 mol/l) in either 5 or 25 mmol/l (high) glucose for evaluation of SAA, MCP-1, and HA regulation in vitro. RESULTS—Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) such as laurate, myris-tate, and palmitate increased cellular triglyceride accumulation, SAA, and MCP-1 expression; generated reactive oxygen species (ROS); and increased nuclear factor (NF) B translocation in both 5 and 25 mmol/l glucose. Conversely, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidonate, eicosapentaenate, and docosahexaenate (DHA) decreased these events. Gene expres-sion could be dissociated from triglyceride accumulation. Al-though excess glucose increased HA content, SFAs, oleate, and linoleate did not. Antioxidant treatment repressed glucose- and palmitate-stimulated ROS generation and NFB translocation and decreased SAA and MCP-1 expression and monocyte che-motaxis. Silencing toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) markedly reduced SAA and MCP-1 expression in response to palmitate but not glucose. DHA suppressed NFB translocation stimulated by both excess glucose and palmitate via a peroxisome prolifterator– activated receptor (PPAR) –dependent pathway. CONCLUSIONS—Excess glucose and SFAs regulate chemotac-tic factor expression by a mechanism that involves ROS genera-tion, NFB, and PPAR, and which is repressed by PUFAs. Certain SFAs, but not excess glucose, trigger chemotactic factor expression via a TLR4-dependent pathway. Diabetes 59:386
Immunofluorescence Assay for Serologic Diagnosis of SARS
We evaluated a virus-infected cell-based indirect immunofluorescence assay for detecting anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody. All confirmed SARS cases demonstrated seroconversion or fourfold rise in IgG antibody titer; no control was positive. Sensitivity and specificity of this assay were both 100%. Immunofluorescence assay can ascertain the status of SARS-CoV infection
- …