3,332 research outputs found
Experimental verification of strong rotational dependence of fluorescence and predissociation yield in the bâÂčΠᔀ(v = 1) level of ÂčâŽNâ
New, rotationally resolved fluorescence-excitation spectra confirm coupled-channel SchroÌdinger-equation predictions of strong rotational dependence of the fluorescence and predissociation yields in the b(v = 1) level of ÂčâŽNâ.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation
grant AST-0906158 and the Australian Research Council
grants DP0558962, DP0773050, and LX0882438
Dynamic Critical Behavior of the Chayes-Machta Algorithm for the Random-Cluster Model. I. Two Dimensions
We study, via Monte Carlo simulation, the dynamic critical behavior of the
Chayes-Machta dynamics for the Fortuin-Kasteleyn random-cluster model, which
generalizes the Swendsen-Wang dynamics for the q-state Potts ferromagnet to
non-integer q \ge 1. We consider spatial dimension d=2 and 1.25 \le q \le 4 in
steps of 0.25, on lattices up to 1024^2, and obtain estimates for the dynamic
critical exponent z_{CM}. We present evidence that when 1 \le q \lesssim 1.95
the Ossola-Sokal conjecture z_{CM} \ge \beta/\nu is violated, though we also
present plausible fits compatible with this conjecture. We show that the
Li-Sokal bound z_{CM} \ge \alpha/\nu is close to being sharp over the entire
range 1 \le q \le 4, but is probably non-sharp by a power. As a byproduct of
our work, we also obtain evidence concerning the corrections to scaling in
static observables.Comment: LaTeX2e, 75 pages including 26 Postscript figure
B-type natriuretic peptide and renal function in the diagnosis of heart failure: An analysis from the BNP multinational study
https://nsuworks.nova.edu/nsudigital_harrison/3343/thumbnail.jp
Absence of Phase Transition for Antiferromagnetic Potts Models via the Dobrushin Uniqueness Theorem
We prove that the -state Potts antiferromagnet on a lattice of maximum
coordination number exhibits exponential decay of correlations uniformly at
all temperatures (including zero temperature) whenever . We also prove
slightly better bounds for several two-dimensional lattices: square lattice
(exponential decay for ), triangular lattice (), hexagonal
lattice (), and Kagom\'e lattice (). The proofs are based on
the Dobrushin uniqueness theorem.Comment: 32 pages including 3 figures. Self-unpacking file containing the tex
file, the needed macros (epsf.sty, indent.sty, subeqnarray.sty, and
eqsection.sty) and the 3 ps file
B-type natriuretic peptide and renal function in the diagnosis of heart failure: An analysis from the BNP multinational study
Dynamic Critical Behavior of a Swendsen-Wang-Type Algorithm for the Ashkin-Teller Model
We study the dynamic critical behavior of a Swendsen-Wang-type algorithm for
the Ashkin--Teller model. We find that the Li--Sokal bound on the
autocorrelation time ()
holds along the self-dual curve of the symmetric Ashkin--Teller model, and is
almost but not quite sharp. The ratio appears
to tend to infinity either as a logarithm or as a small power (). In an appendix we discuss the problem of extracting estimates of
the exponential autocorrelation time.Comment: 59 pages including 3 figures, uuencoded g-compressed ps file.
Postscript size = 799740 byte
Genetic basis of sorghum leaf width and its potential as a surrogate for transpiration efficiency
Leaf width was correlated with plant-level transpiration efficiency and associated with 19 QTL in sorghum, suggesting it could be a surrogate for transpiration efficiency in large breeding program.
Enhancing plant transpiration efficiency (TE) by reducing transpiration without compromising photosynthesis and yield is a desirable selection target in crop improvement programs. While narrow individual leaf width has been correlated with greater intrinsic water use efficiency in C4 species, the extent to which this translates to greater plant TE has not been investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the correlation of leaf width with TE at the whole-plant scale and investigate the genetic control of leaf width in sorghum. Two lysimetry experiments using 16 genotypes varying for stomatal conductance and three field trials using a large sorghum diversity panel (nâ=â701 lines) were conducted. Negative associations of leaf width with plant TE were found in the lysimetry experiments, suggesting narrow leaves may result in reduced plant transpiration without trade-offs in biomass accumulation. A wide range in width of the largest leaf was found in the sorghum diversity panel with consistent ranking among sorghum races, suggesting that environmental adaptation may have a role in modifying leaf width. Nineteen QTL were identified by genome-wide association studies on leaf width adjusted for flowering time. The QTL identified showed high levels of correspondence with those in maize and rice, suggesting similarities in the genetic control of leaf width across cereals. Three a priori candidate genes for leaf width, previously found to regulate dorsoventrality, were identified based on a 1-cM threshold. This study provides useful physiological and genetic insights for potential manipulation of leaf width to improve plant adaptation to diverse environments
Genetic basis of sorghum leaf width and its potential as a surrogate for transpiration efficiency
Leaf width was correlated with plant-level transpiration efficiency and associated with 19 QTL in sorghum, suggesting it could be a surrogate for transpiration efficiency in large breeding program.
Enhancing plant transpiration efficiency (TE) by reducing transpiration without compromising photosynthesis and yield is a desirable selection target in crop improvement programs. While narrow individual leaf width has been correlated with greater intrinsic water use efficiency in C4 species, the extent to which this translates to greater plant TE has not been investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate the correlation of leaf width with TE at the whole-plant scale and investigate the genetic control of leaf width in sorghum. Two lysimetry experiments using 16 genotypes varying for stomatal conductance and three field trials using a large sorghum diversity panel (nâ=â701 lines) were conducted. Negative associations of leaf width with plant TE were found in the lysimetry experiments, suggesting narrow leaves may result in reduced plant transpiration without trade-offs in biomass accumulation. A wide range in width of the largest leaf was found in the sorghum diversity panel with consistent ranking among sorghum races, suggesting that environmental adaptation may have a role in modifying leaf width. Nineteen QTL were identified by genome-wide association studies on leaf width adjusted for flowering time. The QTL identified showed high levels of correspondence with those in maize and rice, suggesting similarities in the genetic control of leaf width across cereals. Three a priori candidate genes for leaf width, previously found to regulate dorsoventrality, were identified based on a 1-cM threshold. This study provides useful physiological and genetic insights for potential manipulation of leaf width to improve plant adaptation to diverse environments
Joint testing of genotypic and gene-environment interaction identified novel association for BMP4 with non-syndromic CL/P in an Asian population using data from an International Cleft Consortium
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common disorder with complex etiology. The Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 gene (BMP4) has been considered a prime candidate gene with evidence accumulated from animal experimental studies, human linkage studies, as well as candidate gene association studies. The aim of the current study is to test for linkage and association between BMP4 and NSCL/P that could be missed in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) when genotypic (G) main effects alone were considered.We performed the analysis considering G and interactions with multiple maternal environmental exposures using additive conditional logistic regression models in 895 Asian and 681 European complete NSCL/P trios. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that passed the quality control criteria among 122 genotyped and 25 imputed single nucleotide variants in and around the gene were used in analysis. Selected maternal environmental exposures during 3 months prior to and through the first trimester of pregnancy included any personal tobacco smoking, any environmental tobacco smoke in home, work place or any nearby places, any alcohol consumption and any use of multivitamin supplements. A novel significant association held for rs7156227 among Asian NSCL/P and non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) trios after Bonferroni correction which was not seen when G main effects alone were considered in either allelic or genotypic transmission disequilibrium tests. Odds ratios for carrying one copy of the minor allele without maternal exposure to any of the four environmental exposures were 0.58 (95%CI = 0.44, 0.75) and 0.54 (95%CIâ=â0.40, 0.73) for Asian NSCL/P and NSCLP trios, respectively. The Bonferroni P values corrected for the total number of 117 tested SNPs were 0.0051 (asymptotic P = 4.39*10(-5)) and 0.0065 (asymptotic P = 5.54*10(-5)), accordingly. In European trios, no significant association was seen for any SNPs after Bonferroni corrections for the total number of 120 tested SNPs.Our findings add evidence from GWAS to support the role of BMP4 in susceptibility to NSCL/P originally identified in linkage and candidate gene association studies
Spanning forests and the q-state Potts model in the limit q \to 0
We study the q-state Potts model with nearest-neighbor coupling v=e^{\beta
J}-1 in the limit q,v \to 0 with the ratio w = v/q held fixed. Combinatorially,
this limit gives rise to the generating polynomial of spanning forests;
physically, it provides information about the Potts-model phase diagram in the
neighborhood of (q,v) = (0,0). We have studied this model on the square and
triangular lattices, using a transfer-matrix approach at both real and complex
values of w. For both lattices, we have computed the symbolic transfer matrices
for cylindrical strips of widths 2 \le L \le 10, as well as the limiting curves
of partition-function zeros in the complex w-plane. For real w, we find two
distinct phases separated by a transition point w=w_0, where w_0 = -1/4 (resp.
w_0 = -0.1753 \pm 0.0002) for the square (resp. triangular) lattice. For w >
w_0 we find a non-critical disordered phase, while for w < w_0 our results are
compatible with a massless Berker-Kadanoff phase with conformal charge c = -2
and leading thermal scaling dimension x_{T,1} = 2 (marginal operator). At w =
w_0 we find a "first-order critical point": the first derivative of the free
energy is discontinuous at w_0, while the correlation length diverges as w
\downarrow w_0 (and is infinite at w = w_0). The critical behavior at w = w_0
seems to be the same for both lattices and it differs from that of the
Berker-Kadanoff phase: our results suggest that the conformal charge is c = -1,
the leading thermal scaling dimension is x_{T,1} = 0, and the critical
exponents are \nu = 1/d = 1/2 and \alpha = 1.Comment: 131 pages (LaTeX2e). Includes tex file, three sty files, and 65
Postscript figures. Also included are Mathematica files forests_sq_2-9P.m and
forests_tri_2-9P.m. Final journal versio
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