Callus Induction from Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Seedlings and Leaves of Mature Tree

Callus induction was successfully carried out from several explants of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Callogenesis from the apex was tested on three different media containing Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) macronutrients supplemented with two different hormonal solutions: benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4.44 µM alone, or 2.22 µM of BAP plus 5 µM of 2-naphthalineacetic acid (NAA). Primary callus formation was obtained on a medium containing 88% WPM macronutrients. Callus formation from other parts of the plant was as follows: − Cotyledon embryos extracted from immature seeds (85% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA); − Cotyledon leaves taken from 7-day-old seedlings, obtained from in vitro germination of seeds (62% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA); − Hypocotyls taken from 7-day-old seedlings (55% success rate on WPM containing 2.22 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA); − Differentiated leaves taken from mature tree (84% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM of BA and 2.26 µM of NAA). In general, production of primary calli and their growth after transplantation was better on WPM medium supplemented with 2.5 µM NAA and 2.22 µM BAP

Micropropagation of Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) by cotyledonary buds

La micropropagation du Caroubier (Ceratonia siliqua L.) par culture de bourgeons cotylédonaires de plantules âgées de 13 jours a été étudiée sur le milieu WPM additionné de microéléments et de vitamines MS. La comparaison de l’effet de quatre cytokinines (BAP, zéatine, kinétine et 2-iP) a montré que la croissance des pousses est surtout stimulée par la zéatine (1 mg/l) ; alors que l’organogenèse se fait mieux en présence de la BAP ou de la zéatine (1 mg/l). L’effet de quatre auxines (AIA, AIB, ANA et 2,4-D) à faible concentration (0,1 mg/l) combinées à la BAP (0,5 mg/l) a été aussi testé, et a montré que l’ANA favorise la croissance des plantules et la néoformation de tiges. Toutefois, l’association de l’AG3 à différentes concentrations avec la BAP (0,5 mg/l) n’a pas eu d’effet significatif sur la culture de ces explants. La multiplication des pousses a été favorisée par des concentrations moyennes de BAP (0,5 à 1 mg/l) seule ou associée avec l’AG3 (0,2 mg/l). Parmi les auxines testées au cours de la phase d’enracinement, l’AIB (2 mg/l) s’est avéré la plus efficace pour la rhizogenèse.In vitro micropropagation of Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) by cotyledonary buds taken from 13 day old seedlings was attempted on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with microelements and Murashige and Skoog (MS) vitamins. Comparison of the effect of four cytokinines (benzylaminopurine, zeatin, kinetinand 2-iP) has shown that seedling growth was stimulated by zeatin at 1 mg/L, while organogenesis was better under BAP or zeatin at 1 mg/L. The effect of four auxins (AIA, AIB, ANA and 2,4-D) at low concentrations (0.1 mg/L) combined with BAP at 0.5 mg/L has shown that Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) stimulates better stem formation and growth. Moreover, combination of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) at different concentrations with BAP at 0.5 mg/L did not show a significant effect on growth. Shoot multiplication was stimulated by medium concentrations of BAP (0.5 - 1 mg/L) alone or with GA3 at 0.2 mg/L. Among the auxins tested during rooting, Indol-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) (2 mg/L) was found to be the most efficient for root formation

Determination of Polyphenols Content in Carob Pulp from Wild and Domesticated Moroccan Trees

Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit pulp from 12 wild and 8 domesticated trees from 15 Moroccan localities were investigated for their polyphenols contents: total polyphenols content (53.22 - 118.04 mg and 57.46 - 183.31 mg), total flavonoids (1.41 - 4.83 mg and 1.62 - 7.46 mg) and condensed tannins (1.47 - 7.36 mg and 1.85 - 6.66 mg) in one carob fresh pulp for wild and domesticated trees, respectively. Fruit pulp from trees in the same region shows variable contents in polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins

Contribution a l'etude du genre Foeniculum Mill

CNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Le "Bitter Cup" médicinal du Suriname (étude ethnopharmacologique, histologique et chimique)

BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Callus Induction from Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Seedlings and Leaves of Mature Tree

Callus induction was successfully carried out from several explants of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Callogenesis from the apex was tested on three different media containing Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) macronutrients supplemented with two different hormonal solutions: benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4.44 µM alone, or 2.22 µM of BAP plus 5 µM of 2-naphthalineacetic acid (NAA). Primary callus formation was obtained on a medium containing 88% WPM macronutrients. Callus formation from other parts of the plant was as follows: − Cotyledon embryos extracted from immature seeds (85% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA); − Cotyledon leaves taken from 7-day-old seedlings, obtained from in vitro germination of seeds (62% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA); − Hypocotyls taken from 7-day-old seedlings (55% success rate on WPM containing 2.22 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA); − Differentiated leaves taken from mature tree (84% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM of BA and 2.26 µM of NAA). In general, production of primary calli and their growth after transplantation was better on WPM medium supplemented with 2.5 µM NAA and 2.22 µM BAP

Hot-carrier reliability of 20V MOS transistors in 0.13 μm CMOS technology

International audienceThis paper presents results of reliability investigation of 20 V N-Drift MOS transistor in 0.13 μm CMOS technology. Due to high performances required for CMOS applications, adding high voltage devices becomes a big challenge to guarantee the reliability criteria. In this context, new reliability approaches are needed. Safe Operating Area are defined for switch, Vds limited and Vgs limited applications in order to improve circuit designs. For Vds limited applications, deep doping dose effects in drift area are investigated in correlation to lifetime evaluations based on device parameter shifts under hot carrier stressing. To further determine the amount and locations of hot carrier injections, accurate 2D technological and electrical simulations are performed and permit to select the best compromise between performance and reliability for N-Drift MOS transistor

Mammalian Arginase Inhibitory Activity of Methanolic Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Cyperus Species

International audiencePolyphenolic enriched extracts from two species of Cyperus, Cyperus glomeratus and Cyperus thunbergii, possess mammalian arginase inhibitory capacities, with the percentage inhibition ranging from 80% to 95% at 100 µg/mL and 40% to 64% at 10 µg/mL. Phytochemical investigation of these species led to the isolation and identification of two new natural stilbene oligomers named thunbergin A-B (1–2), together with three other stilbenes, trans-resveratrol (3), trans-scirpusin A (4), trans-cyperusphenol A (6), and two flavonoids, aureusidin (5) and luteolin (7), which were isolated for the first time from C.thunbergii and C. glomeratus. Structures were established on the basis of the spectroscopic data from MS and NMR experiments. The arginase inhibitory activity of compounds 1–7 was evaluated through an in vitro arginase inhibitory assay using purified liver bovine arginase. As a result, five compounds (1, 4–7) showed significant inhibition of arginase, with IC50 values between 17.6 and 60.6 µM, in the range of those of the natural arginase inhibitor piceatannol (12.6 µM). In addition, methanolic extract from Cyperus thunbergii exhibited an endothelium and NO-dependent vasorelaxant effect on thoracic aortic rings from rats and improved endothelial dysfunction in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model

Effect of Amino Acids on Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis of Moroccan Cork Oak (Quercus suber L.) Tree

International audienc