Lost in Translation: Shop Signs in Jordan

Shop signs, in the Jordanian public commercial environment, have invariably been studied from linguistic, sociolinguistic, and pragmatic perspectives, but they have been utterly ignored from a translational point of view. This study, the first of its kind, investigates various problems and inadequacies pertinent to the subject under discussion. Shop signs are selected here from a number of heterogeneous cities, and the translation errors therein, committed by communicators, were empirically analyzed and categorized. Language and culture are, of necessity, inextricably intertwined, and this nexus is particularly apparent in the world of local commercial shop signs, and thus it has been tackled for its direct relevance to the translation of these signs. This investigation, therefore, highlights the linguistic (e.g., word-order, wrong lexical choice, and reductionist strategies), and extralinguistic (i.e., sociocultural and promotional) factors that have turned out to lead to translation inappropriateness and unparallelisms, information skewing, and, consequently, serious semantic-conceptual problems in the produced TLTs. This study may, in a way, provide educated insight into the trendiest translation practices in this field, and the way shop signs are most often verbalized, mishandled, and mistranslated.Les panneaux de magasins, nombreux dans le contexte commercial public en Jordanie, ont été largement étudiés d’un point de vue linguistique, sociolinguistique et pragmatique, mais jamais ils n’ont été abordés sur le plan de leur traduction. Cette étude, la première de son genre, aborde les problèmes et insuffisances liés au sujet en question. Les panneaux commerciaux ont été sélectionnés à partir d’un certain nombre de paramètres hétérogènes. Quant aux erreurs de traduction commises par les interlocuteurs, elles ont été empiriquement analysées et classées par catégorie. Étant donné que la langue et la culture sont inextricablement liées, le lien entre elles s’avère encore plus évident lorsqu’il s’agit des panneaux commerciaux locaux. Le sujet a été ainsi abordé en raison de son rapport direct avec la traduction de ces signes. Cette recherche met donc l’accent sur les facteurs à la fois linguistiques (e.g. l’ordre des mots, les choix lexicaux, les stratégies réductionnistes) et extralinguistiques (e.g. facteurs socioculturels et promotionnels) qui ont été à l’origine de l’inexactitude et l’inadéquation de la traduction, d’une part, et du détournement de l’information, d’autre part. Ce qui mène, en conséquence, à de graves problèmes sémantico-conceptuels sur le plan des traductions en question. Cette étude pourrait, d’une certaine manière, fournir un aperçu instruit des différentes tendances de traduction pratiquées dans le domaine ainsi que de la manière dont les panneaux commerciaux sont souvent exprimés, malmenés et, notamment, mal traduits

The Proteasome Activators Blm10/PA200 Enhance the Proteasomal Degradation of N-Terminal Huntingtin.

The Blm10/PA200 family of proteasome activators modulates the peptidase activity of the core particle (20S CP). They participate in opening the 20S CP gate, thus facilitating the degradation of unstructured proteins such as tau and Dnm1 in a ubiquitin- and ATP-independent manner. Furthermore, PA200 also participates in the degradation of acetylated histones. In our study, we use a combination of yeast and human cell systems to investigate the role of Blm10/PA200 in the degradation of N-terminal Huntingtin fragments (N-Htt). We demonstrate that the human PA200 binds to N-Htt. The loss of Blm10 in yeast or PA200 in human cells results in increased mutant N-Htt aggregate formation and elevated cellular toxicity. Furthermore, Blm10 in vitro accelerates the proteasomal degradation of soluble N-Htt. Collectively, our data suggest N-Htt as a new substrate for Blm10/PA200-proteasomes and point to new approaches in Huntington\u27s disease (HD) research

Juvenile Huntington's Disease Skin Fibroblasts Respond with Elevated Parkin Level and Increased Proteasome Activity as a Potential Mechanism to Counterbalance the Pathological Consequences of Mutant Huntingtin Protein.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(21), 533

Jordanian Folkloric Songs in Translation: Mousa’s Song They Have Passed by Without a Company as a Case Study

Folkloric song-translation is a research area that diverges acutely from the centre of interest of interlingual-intercultural transfer in general, and Arabic-English translation studies in particular. This paper attempts to shed light into Abdu Mousa’s culture-bound song marren wa ma ma’hin hada (they have passed by without a company), as an instance of the challenges that folkloric songs may pose in translation, and how, when translating between cultures with different discursive properties, the translator has a certain leeway when reformulating the lingual-cultural import of the source text for target readers. Drawing on Low’s (2005a) Pentathlon Approach, and placing a strong emphasis on content, the study highlights the problems and difficulties involved in translating this type of song, and demonstrates a number of unique aspects of translating folkloric songs, which involve elements of sense, naturalness, cultural references, and how these elements are interconnected and entangled with each other. These insurmountable difficulties are accounted for by the existing sharp linguistic and cultural differences between Arabic and English, and, the incompatibilities between the two working concept systems of the two languages, which add to the intricacy of translating this type of literature. On a less formal level, colloquialism has been found to have had its way to the source language text, a factor which further complicates the abridgement process.La traduction des chansons traditionnelles folkloriques constitue un domaine de recherche qui s’écarte sensiblement de celui du transfert interlinguistique et interculturel en général, notamment de l’arabe à l’anglais. Le présent article porte sur la chanson d’Abdu Mousa, dont le titre est marren wa ma mahin hada (ils sont passés sans être accompagnés), comme exemple des défis posés par la traduction de ce type de chanson. Il montre jusqu’à quel point le traducteur a une marge de manoeuvre pour reformuler l’apport linguistico-culturel du texte de départ, lorsqu’il travaille avec des cultures dont les discours présentent d’importantes divergences. Se basant sur la stratégie Pentathlon de Low (2005a) et mettant l’accent sur le contenu, l’étude met en relief les difficultés et les problèmes inhérents à la traduction de ce genre de chanson et souligne un certain nombre d’aspects qui lui sont uniques (éléments de sens, idiomaticité et références culturelles, ainsi que les rapports entre ces éléments). Au-delà de la difficulté inhérente à la traduction de ce genre lui-même, elle rend compte des difficultés insurmontables liées aux différences linguistico-culturelles et conceptuelles de l’arabe et de l’anglais. Enfin, à un niveau moins formel, le ton familier du texte source ne fait que compliquer le processus de traduction

Production of Xylanase Enzyme from AspergillusTerreus SUK-1

Xylanase productionfrom AspergillusterreusSUK-1 was carried out in submerged culture fermentation (SCF). The fermentation process was performed by using 0.30% ofxylan and 0.75% -cellulose as substrates of carbon source at 30°C, 150 rpm in the shaker for 7 days. Two processes, which were used for xylanaseproduction, were shake flask culture and fermenter. In the shake flask culture, the maximum xylanase activity was 52.18U/mL U/mL with xylan as a substrate, while 63.29U/mL was for a-cellulose as substrate; after 5 days. In 5 L fermenter with 3 L working volume, the xylanase activity reached the maximum value which was 78.65U/mLafter five days. Two conditions were studied to get the optimum conditions for xylanase activities which were pH and temperature by using xylan as substrate. The highest activity was at pH 6.5 and constant temperature 37°C. While the optimum temperature was 50°C with constant pH 5

Killer Yeast, a Novel Biological Control of Soilborne Diseases for Good Agriculture Practice

Aspergillus niger (A. niger) causes a disease called black mold on certain fruits and vegetables such as grapes, apricots, onions, and peanuts and is a common contaminant of food. Containment of this disease can reduce the amount of fruits, vegetables, and foods to be discarded, hence reducing the amounts of agricultural waste generated. Chemical control of A. niger has been partially successful, and fungicides are commonly used in the management of black mold. However, the risk of the establishment of resistant Aspergillus strains is considerable. Biocontrol, a nonhazardous alternative to the use of chemical fungicides, involves the use of biological processes to reduce crop loss and various microorganisms. Since it was first reported, the killer phenomenon in yeasts has been extensively studied in several genera and species, and its importance is gaining further recognition by industrialists. The food and beverage industries were among the first to explore the ability of toxin-producing yeasts to kill other fungus.Fil: Azzam Aladdin. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; MalasiaFil: Dib, Julian Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Malek, Roslinda Abd.. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; MalasiaFil: El Enshasy, Hesham A.. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Malasi

Killer yeasts as biocontrol agents of postharvest fungal diseases in lemons

One of the main problems affecting the citrus industry worldwide is caused by fungal diseases at postharvest stage. This leads to huge amounts of lemon fruit being unnecessarily discarded which contributed to the overall generation of agricultural wastes. Synthetic fungicides are nowadays the major agents used to control diseases of fungal origin. However, long-term and uncontrolled usage may lead to environmental problems such as growing restrictions that are mainly due to its toxicity. Among biocontrol agents, killer yeasts appear as efficient candidates especially for combating fungal postharvest decay in lemons.Fil: Perez, Maria Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Isas, Ana Sofía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Aladdin, Azzam. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; MalasiaFil: El Enshasy, Hesham A.. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; MalasiaFil: Dib, Julian Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Microbiología; Argentin

Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of a novel beta-galactosidase antarctic psychrophilic bacterium planococcus antarcticus dsm 14505

ß-galactosidase is an enzyme that catalyzes both hydrolytic cleavage of ß (1–4) linkage of lactose to glucose and galactose and transglycosylation reactions. The present study aims to model and validate the 3D structure of a novel cold-active ß-galactosidase from Planococcus antarcticus 14505. The 3D structure was predicted by itasser software. Model validation was performed using PROCHECK to generate the Ramachandran plot, which indicated that 86.6% of residues is in favorable regions that indicate the model is acceptable. Molecular dynamics simulation of the model protein was performed in water for 10 nanoseconds in which 31 Na+ was added to neutralize the negative charge and achieve energy minimization. The energy value and RMSD fluctuation of carbon alpha backbone of the model were computed and confirmed the stability of the model protein