22 research outputs found
SuPerPM: A Large Deformation-Robust Surgical Perception Framework Based on Deep Point Matching Learned from Physical Constrained Simulation Data
Manipulation of tissue with surgical tools often results in large
deformations that current methods in tracking and reconstructing algorithms
have not effectively addressed. A major source of tracking errors during large
deformations stems from wrong data association between observed sensor
measurements with previously tracked scene. To mitigate this issue, we present
a surgical perception framework, SuPerPM, that leverages learning-based
non-rigid point cloud matching for data association, thus accommodating larger
deformations. The learning models typically require training data with ground
truth point cloud correspondences, which is challenging or even impractical to
collect in surgical environments. Thus, for tuning the learning model, we
gather endoscopic data of soft tissue being manipulated by a surgical robot and
then establish correspondences between point clouds at different time points to
serve as ground truth. This was achieved by employing a position-based dynamics
(PBD) simulation to ensure that the correspondences adhered to physical
constraints. The proposed framework is demonstrated on several challenging
surgical datasets that are characterized by large deformations, achieving
superior performance over state-of-the-art surgical scene tracking algorithms.Comment: Under review for ICRA202
The role of the immune response in the pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease: a reassessment
BACKGROUND: Although thyroid eye disease is a common complication of Graves' disease, the pathogenesis of the orbital disease is poorly understood. Most authorities implicate the immune response as an important causal factor. We sought to clarify pathogenesis by using gene expression microarray. METHODS: An international consortium of ocular pathologists and orbital surgeons contributed formalin fixed orbital biopsies. RNA was extracted from orbital tissue from 20 healthy controls, 25 patients with thyroid eye disease (TED), 25 patients with nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI), 7 patients with sarcoidosis and 6 patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Tissue was divided into a discovery set and a validation set. Gene expression was quantified using Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays which include 54,000 probe sets. RESULTS: Principal component analysis showed that gene expression from tissue from patients with TED more closely resembled gene expression from healthy control tissue in comparison to gene expression characteristic of sarcoidosis, NSOI, or granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Unsupervised cluster dendrograms further indicated the similarity between TED and healthy controls. Heat maps based on gene expression for cytokines, chemokines, or their receptors showed that these inflammatory markers were associated with NSOI, sarcoidosis, or GPA much more frequently than with TED. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to compare gene expression in TED to gene expression associated with other causes of exophthalmos. The juxtaposition shows that inflammatory markers are far less characteristic of TED relative to other orbital inflammatory diseases.James T. Rosenbaum ... Dinesh Selva ... et al
Overview of biologically digested leachate treatment using adsorption
Biological process is effective in treating most biodegradable organic matter present in leachate; however, a significant amount of ammonia, metals and refractory organic compounds may still remain in this biologically digested leachate. This effluent cannot be released to receiving bodies until the discharge limit is met. Several physical/chemical processes have been practiced as post-treatment to remove the remaining pollutants including coagulation–flocculation, oxidation and adsorption. Adsorption is often applied in leachate treatment as it enhances removal of refractory organic compounds. This chapter will focus on works related to adsorption as one of the commonly used methods to treat biologically digested leachate further down to acceptable discharge limit
Overview of biologically digested leachate treatment using adsorption
Biological process is effective in treating most biodegradable organic matter present in leachate; however, a significant amount of ammonia, metals and refractory organic compounds may still remain in this biologically digested leachate. This effluent cannot be released to receiving bodies until the discharge limit is met. Several physical/chemical processes have been practiced as post-treatment to remove the remaining pollutants including coagulation–flocculation, oxidation and adsorption. Adsorption is often applied in leachate treatment as it enhances removal of refractory organic compounds. This chapter will focus on works related to adsorption as one of the commonly used methods to treat biologically digested leachate further down to acceptable discharge limit
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Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Ocular and Nasal Flora in Patients Undergoing Intravitreal Injections
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Acute-Onset Endophthalmitis After Cataract Surgery: Outcomes in Isolates Resistant to versus Sensitive to Fluoroquinolones
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Purtscher-Like Retinopathy and Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Caused by Soft Tissue Injection for Gluteal Augmentation
To describe a rare occurrence of acute vision loss and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage following a treatment of injectable gluteal cosmetic filler.
A 20-year-old female underwent a cosmetic injection of unknown components for gluteal augmentation. Within hours she developed progressive shortness of breath secondary to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. She presented to ophthalmology 6 weeks later with a history of bilateral decreased vision. Clinical examination revealed cotton wool spots and retinal hemorrhages. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated macular vascular pruning and an enlarged foveal avascular zone.
The patient was observed and vision did not improve after 8 months of follow-up.
These findings were attributed to a Purtscher-like retinopathy secondary to systemic inflammation induced by the filler and/or direct microembolization of the injected material or fat. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first documented case of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and ischemic bilateral vision loss in a patient undergoing gluteal augmentation with dermal filler
Percutaneous Ethanolamine Sclerotherapy of a Retrobulbar Cyst in a Child with Microphthalmos and Proptosis
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The Importance of Health Literacy in Addressing Eye Health and Eye Care Disparities
Disparities in eye health and eye care frequently result from a lack of understanding of ocular diseases and limited use of ophthalmic health services by various populations. The purpose of this article is to describe the principle of health literacy and its central role in enhancing health, and how its absence can result in poorer health outcomes. The article evaluates the current status of health literacy in visual health and disparities that exist among populations. It also explores ways to improve health literacy as a means of reducing disparities in visual health and eye care. Advancing dissemination of health information and enhancing health literacy may help not only to reduce healthcare barriers in the underserved populations but also to lessen visual health disparities