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Pattern and severity of menopausal symptoms experienced by middle-aged Nigerian women attending the family medicine clinic of the university of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, north-Central Nigeria

Background: The burden of caring for women experiencing severe menopausal symptoms is increasing due to increasing life expectancy globally, and partly due to more awareness of its tremendous impacts on their quality of life. The aim of the study was to describe the pattern and severity of menopausal symptoms among middle-aged women attending a clinic in Nigeria with a view to early detection of symptoms and appropriate management. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving 322 women between 40 to 60 years of age. Data was collected using mainly the Menopausal Rating Scale, and data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Version 21 statistical software. Results: The mean age of the participants was 48 ± 5 years, and 60.0% of them were postmenopausal. The overall prevalence of menopausal symptoms among the participants was 51.1% and the top-three most prevalent menopausal symptoms among them were joint discomfort (83.9%), physical exhaustion (67.4%), and depressive mood (64.0%). However, anxiety, hot flushes, and sleep problems were found to be the most severe menopausal symptoms among them with prevalence of 77.3%, 74.5%, and 62.1% respectively. Conclusion: We have provided evidence that middle-age Nigerian women suffer menopausal symptoms similar in pattern and severity to the ones reported in studies among African, African-American, Asian, and South-American women. Consequently, we suggest that middle-aged women should be screened regularly for menopausal symptoms so that those with severe symptoms can b

Occurrence and prevalence of nematodes in yam fields from four community-based farming scheme locations in Ogun State, Nigeria

Nematodes is one of the major biotic constraints affecting profitable yam production throughout Nigeria. They affect yams both in the field and in storage thus threatening food security and economic deprivation to growers and their households. The research work identified the types, frequency and population of nematodes associated with Dioscorea rotundata grown by the Farm Practical Year Programme Trainees of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta in four Community-based Farming Scheme locations, namely Isaga-Orile, Iwoye-Ketu, Ode-Lemo and Odogbolu in Ogun State. Soil samples were taken and assayed for nematode populations. Results showed that 26 Nematodes genera were found in the four locations ranging from 11 to 3201 individuals/250 g soil. Genera of plant-parasitic nematodes recovered included Scutellonema, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Paratylenchulus, Trichodorus, Helicotylenchus, Hoplolaimus, Tylenchorhynchus, Aphelenchus, Xiphinema, Ditylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Rotylenchus and Aphelenchoides while the free-living nematode genera found included Aulolaimoides, Cephalobus, Cylindrocorpus, Lotonchus, Monhystera, Oncholaimus, Paraplectonema, Prismatolaimus, Dorylaimus, Tylencholaimellus, Tylencholaimus, and Tyleptus. Out of the twenty-six nematodes encountered, Meloidogyne spp. Scutellonema spp. and Pratylenchus spp. were mostly encountered in the soil and the only three recovered from the tubers which mean that these three nematodes are of economic importance to yam production. Farmers are therefore advised to go into yam production with management measure of nematodes putting the three key nematodes in mind, in order to avoid yield loss.Keywords: White guinea yam; Meloidogyne spp.; Scutellonema spp.; Pratylenchus spp

Physician enquiry of erectile dysfunction among hypertensives in a primary care setting, Ilorin, north-central Nigeria

Background: Erectile dysfunction(ED) among adult hypertensives is common, yet it is under-reported, under-diagnosed and undertreated in primary care. Screening and early diagnosis of erectile dysfunction will reduce its negative effects on the quality of life among hypertensive patients.This study was done at the Family Medicine Department of UITH, Ilorin, Kwara State. The aim was to assess the prevalence, severity pattern and physician enquiry of ED among adult hypertensives.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study. Data was collected from 228 adult hypertensive male patients from June through August 2016 using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and semi-structured questionnaire and was analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20).Results: The prevalence of ED among respondents was 85.1%, mild in 22.4%, mild to moderate in 28.5%, moderate in 21.5 % and severe in 12.7%. Overwhelming percentage of the respondents (86.8%) had not been asked question related to ED by their physicians.Conclusion: This study showed that ED is a major problem and physician enquiry of ED among hypertensives is very poor. Key Words: Erectile dysfunction, Adult hypertensives, Family physicians, Primary care and Physician enquiry

Family support and nutritional status of geriatric patients attending primary care clinics in a Tertiary Health Institution in North Central Nigeria

Background: Family support affects the outcome of many chronic diseases, malnutrition inclusive and it is an important aspect of thecare of the elderly that is often neglected by care-givers. Literatures have shown that elderly patients who have good family supporthave lower prevalence rate of malnutrition than those without family support. The aim of the study is to determine the influence oflevel of family support on nutritional status of elderly patients attending the primary care clinics at the University of Ilorin TeachingHospital with a view to providing evidence that can be used to improve the quality of support and care of the elderly in our clinics.Methods and materials: The study was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study. Systematic random sampling techniquewas used to select 307 elderly patients from the Family Medicine Clinics, University of Ilorin teaching hospital, Ilorin between Julyand September, 2017. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire and clinical evaluation. The level of Familysupport of the subjects was assessed by Perceived Social Support–Family (PSS-Fa) scale while their nutritional status was assessedwith the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. The data was collated and analyzed using the SPSS-21 Statisticalpackage.Results: Mean age of study subjects was 66 years ±4.9 years. Majority of the respondents (77.7%) had four children or less and most(75.9%) had two adults or less per household. About a third (37.1%) had no income; virtually all of them (95.6%) were supported bytheir children monetarily (87.9%). Majority of the elderly (70.3%) had family support but most of them (76.2%) reported it wasinadequate. There was a statistically significant association between nutritional status and family support among the respondents.Conclusion: The study has provided evidence that family support has significant positive influence on the nutritional status of ourelderly population. There is need to develop programs that will promote improved involvement of family members in their care interms of quality and quantity of support. Key Words: Nutritional Status, Malnutrition, Family Support, Geriatric, Primary car

Surgical management of pygopagus parasiticus in a developing country: Challenges and review of the literature

Conjoint twins are a rare aberration of monozygotic twinning which could be symmetric or asymmetric. Pygopagus parasiticus is a form of asymmetric twinning in which the parasitic or incomplete twin is attached to the autosite (dominant twin). We present our recent experience in the management of a case of pygopagus parasiticus highlighting the challenges peculiar to developing economies such as ours and how such challenges could be surmounted

Global Impact of COVID-19 on Stroke Care and IV Thrombolysis

OBJECTIVE: To measure the global impact of COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of IV thrombolysis (IVT), IVT transfers, and stroke hospitalizations over 4 months at the height of the pandemic (March 1 to June 30, 2020) compared with 2 control 4-month periods. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study across 6 continents, 70 countries, and 457 stroke centers. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases. RESULTS: There were 91,373 stroke admissions in the 4 months immediately before compared to 80,894 admissions during the pandemic months, representing an 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] -11.7 to -11.3, p < 0.0001) decline. There were 13,334 IVT therapies in the 4 months preceding compared to 11,570 procedures during the pandemic, representing a 13.2% (95% CI -13.8 to -12.7, p < 0.0001) drop. Interfacility IVT transfers decreased from 1,337 to 1,178, or an 11.9% decrease (95% CI -13.7 to -10.3, p = 0.001). Recovery of stroke hospitalization volume (9.5%, 95% CI 9.2-9.8, p < 0.0001) was noted over the 2 later (May, June) vs the 2 earlier (March, April) pandemic months. There was a 1.48% stroke rate across 119,967 COVID-19 hospitalizations. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was noted in 3.3% (1,722/52,026) of all stroke admissions. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a global decline in the volume of stroke hospitalizations, IVT, and interfacility IVT transfers. Primary stroke centers and centers with higher COVID-19 inpatient volumes experienced steeper declines. Recovery of stroke hospitalization was noted in the later pandemic months. © 2021 American Academy of Neurology