11 research outputs found
Hepatit B virüsüne karşı aşılamada uzun süreli korunma için booster doz gerekliliğinin (in vivo ve in vitro) araştırılması
Aim: Studies have shown that no booster dose was required at least 10 to 15 years after a primary vaccination for individuals who developed protective anti-hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) antibodies. In this study, booster dose requirement for HBV after primary immunization was investigated. Materials and Methods: Seventeen individuals vaccinated previously were enrolled in the study. They had once developed a protective level of anti-HBs antibody after immunization and their anti-HBs titer had declined to an underprotective level. Twenty uninfected and unvaccinated healthy people were chosen as controls. Lymphoproliferative response to in-vitro stimulation with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBs response to vaccine were evaluated for immune response. Results: T lymphocytes from 4 (24%) of the study group showed lymphoproliferative response to HBsAg stimulation while none of the controls did (P < 0.05). In all subjects in the study group, anti-HBs response (?10 mIU/ml) was detected 1 to 7 days after the booster injection but in only 2 of the controls antibody response was detected 28 days after the first dose of HBV vaccine (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: A booster dose of HBV vaccine might not be required because of immunological memory.Aim: Studies have shown that no booster dose was required at least 10 to 15 years after a primary vaccination for individuals who developed protective anti-hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) antibodies. In this study, booster dose requirement for HBV after primary immunization was investigated. Materials and Methods: Seventeen individuals vaccinated previously were enrolled in the study. They had once developed a protective level of anti-HBs antibody after immunization and their anti-HBs titer had declined to an underprotective level. Twenty uninfected and unvaccinated healthy people were chosen as controls. Lymphoproliferative response to in-vitro stimulation with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBs response to vaccine were evaluated for immune response. Results: T lymphocytes from 4 (24%) of the study group showed lymphoproliferative response to HBsAg stimulation while none of the controls did (P < 0.05). In all subjects in the study group, anti-HBs response (&#8805;10 mIU/ml) was detected 1 to 7 days after the booster injection but in only 2 of the controls antibody response was detected 28 days after the first dose of HBV vaccine (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: A booster dose of HBV vaccine might not be required because of immunological memory
Mode of delivery changes oxidative and antioxidative properties of human milk: a prospective controlled clinical investigation
yoldas, zeynep rumeysa/0000-0002-5608-9003WOS: 000354606400024PubMed: 24903065Objective: To evaluate the influence of delivery mode on oxidative stress in human breast milk. Methods: Thirty-three women who delivered by vaginal birth and 55 women who underwent cesarean section (CS) were included in this study. Colostral samples were collected on the second day after delivery. Total antioxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were determined and compared. Results: Colostrum TAS was significantly higher in women of vaginal birth, than in women with CS (p<0.001). Milk TOS and OSI were found to be significantly increased in women with CS under general anesthesia. A marked increase in colostral GSH-Px levels after vaginal delivery was also noticed (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that vaginal birth is associated with decreased oxidative stress in colostrum than CS, which suggest that mode of delivery plays an important role in the antioxidative production of breast milk.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [2209]This study has been funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with a project number of 2209
The Levels of Calcium and Magnesium, and of Selected Trace Elements, in Whole Blood and Scalp Hair of Children with Growth Retardation
Objective: Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) are
essential for human beings. Chronic metabolic disturbances may result
from an excess or deficiency of these metals. Ca and Mg are also
nutrient elements and play an important role in biological systems.
Thus, it is very important to check regularly trace elements
concentration in the body. The purpose of this study was to measure the
content of Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg in whole blood and hair of children
with growth retardation compared to that of controls. Methods: A
quantitative elemental analysis of whole blood and scalp hair of
children with constitutional growth retardation (n=27) and matched
controls (n=21) was used to find out correlation and possible changes,
between growth retardation and healthy controls. Atomic absorption
spectrophotometric (AAS) analysis of quantitative method was used to
determine iron, zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium levels of whole
blood and scalp hair. Findings: The whole blood levels of Fe and Zn
were significantly lower in children with growth retardation
(P<0.05), but there were no differences in Cu, Ca and Mg
concentrations in whole blood between children with growth retardation
and healthy controls. The hair levels of Fe, Zn, Ca and Mg were
significantly lower in children with growth retardation when compared
to that of controls (P<0.05). The Cu concentrations in the hair of
children with growth retardation and healthy controls showed no
significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusion: The usefulness and
significance of these elements in growth retardation should be
discussed more detailed in the light of the most recent data
Investigation (In Vivo and In Vitro) of Booster Dose Vaccine Requirement for Long-Term Protection against Hepatitis B Virus Infection
KISA, Ucler/0000-0002-8131-6810WOS: 000265263900003Aim: Studies have shown that no booster dose was required at least 10 to 15 years after a primary vaccination for individuals who developed protective anti-hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) antibodies. In this study. booster dose requirement for HBV after primary immunization was investigated. Materials and Methods: Seventeen individuals vaccinated previously were enrolled in the study. They had once developed a protective level of anti-HBs antibody after immunization and their anti-HBs titer had declined to an underprotective level. Twenty uninfected and unvaccinated healthy people were chosen as controls. Lymphoproliferative response to in-vitro stimulation with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBs response to vaccine were evaluated for immune response. Results: T lymphocytes from 4 (24%) of the study group showed lymphoproliferative response to HBsAg stimulation while none of the controls did (P = 10 mlU/ml) was detected 1 to 7 days after the booster injection but in only 2 of the controls antibody response was detected 28 days after the first dose of HBV vaccine (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: A booster dose of HBV vaccine might not be required because of immunological memory
INVESTIGATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AND THE EFFECT OF INTERFERON-alpha PLUS LAMIVUDINE COMBINATION THERAPY ON OXIDATIVE STRESS
The aim of our study is to determine the role of oxidative stress on hepatic damage in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the efficacy of antioxidant-enzyme system against oxidative stress. Furthermore, the effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) plus lamivudine therapy on oxidative stress was also investigated. Nineteen patients with acute hepatitis B virus (AHBV) infection, 17 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHBV) infection, 24 inactive HBsAg carriers and 21 healthy controls were included in the study. In control and patient groups, serum alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured. In CHBV group, after IFN-alpha plus lamivudine therapy for 6 months, these parameters were measured again. In all patient groups erythrocyte MDA levels were detected higher than control group (p<0.05). Activity of CuZn-SOD was found to be the highest in AHBV (p<0.05), and the lowest before the treatment in CHBV group (p<0.05) compared with other groups. Activity of GSH-Px was found to be the highest in AHBV compared with inactive HBsAg carriers (p<0.05) and CHBV group before treatment (p<0.05). Activity of GSH-Px was found to be the lowest in CHBV group before treatment compared with other groups (p<0.05). In CHBV group there was a significant decrease of MDA levels after treatment (p<0.05) while there was a significant increase in activity of CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px compared with pretreatment levels (p<0.05). A significant positive correlation was determined between MDA values and serum ALT levels, before and after the treatment (p<0.05). Detection of the increase of MDA levels which is a product of lipid peroxidation in all patient groups, indicates that the oxidative stress is increased in HBV infection. Correlation between the levels of erythrocyte MDA levels and serum ALT levels supports the hypothesis concerning the role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of HBV infection. Insufficiency of antioxidant capacity in CHBV and inactive HBsAg carrier groups may lead to progression of disease and results in fibrosis. Treatment with IFN-alpha plus lamivudine causes a decrease in products of lipid peroxidation and shows antioxidant activity via increasing the antioxidant enzymes. These data suggest that the addition of antioxidant agents to IFN-alpha and lamivudin combination therapy may be useful in CHBV treatment. Further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are required to enlighten the role of antioxidants on HBV disease progression and treatment
Protective effects of melatonin and Β-D-Glucan against acetaminophen toxicity in rats
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of melatonin and β-D-glucan against AA-induced liver injury in rats. Forty (SpraqueDawley male) rats were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups: sham, acetaminophen only (AA, 900 mg/kg), melatonin (10 mg/kg) + AA (MLT), β-D-glucan (50 mg/kg) + AA (β), and melatonin + β-D-glucan + AA (MLT+β) groups. All of the rats were killed on day 11 of the experiment. Histopathological changes and biochemical parameters including levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined to assess the liver function. MDA levels were the highest in the AA group whereas activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx in the liver tissue were found as lowest in this group. MDA activities were significantly lower in the MLT+β group than in the AA group. Only GPx activities in the MLT+β group were significantly higher than those in the MLT and β groups. The serum AST and ALT levels were increased significantly following treatment with AA (p < 0.001). Pretreatment with the antioxidant compounds decreased AST levels significantly but again, the levels were still significantly higher than the sham levels (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the microscopic damage between the S, MLT, β, and MLT+β groups (p > 0.05). This finding can be attributed to the higher efficacy of the combination of melatonin and β-D-glucan in scavenging free radicals and stimulating the antioxidant enzymes. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 539-43
Protective effects of molsidomine against doxorubicin-induced renal damage in rats
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic and protective effects of molsidomine (MLS) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced renal damage in rats.
Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into five groups (control, MLS, DOX, DOX+MLS and MLS+DOX groups). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were determined from kidney tissues and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and albumin (Alb) levels also determined.
Results: DOX treatment caused a significant increase in TBARS levels and a significant decrease in the GSH and CAT levels compared with the control group. In comparison, MLS administration before DOX injection caused a significant decrease in TBARS levels and also increases in GSH and CAT levels, whereas treatment of MLS after DOX injection did not show any beneficial effect on these parameters. All groups showed a significant increase in NO levels compared to the control group. There were no significant differences among the all groups for BUN and Cr levels. Serum level of Alb decreased in the DOX-treated groups when compared with control and MLS groups. The histopathological findings were in accordance with the biochemical results. MLS treatment reversed the DOX-induced kidney damage in group 4. MLS treatment before DOX injection exerted a protective effect against DOX-induced kidney damage.
Conclusions: MLS shows promise as a possible therapeutic intervention for the prevention of kidney injury associated with DOX treatment. Additional studies are warranted
Effects of molsidomine on retinopathy and oxidative stress induced by radiotheraphy in rat eyes
Parlakpinar, Hakan/0000-0001-9497-3468; OZER, MURAT ATABEY/0000-0003-1807-6911WOS: 000400977100023PubMed: 27897441Purpose: To determine the role of Molsidomine in preventing radiation-induced retinopathy after head and neck region irradiation of rats with a single radiation dose of 15 Gy. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomly grouped into five as follows: (1) control group rats, which were applied through an intraperitoneal (i.p.) vehicle without radiotherapy (RT); (2) RT group rats received a single dose of 15 Gy irradiation and after daily 0.1 ml vehicle i.p. for 5 consecutive days; (3) molsidomine (MOL) group rats were treated for 5 consecutive days by i.p. with 4 mg/kg/day MOL; (4) irradiation plus MOL group (RT+MOL) rats received irradiation and after 10 days single daily i.p. dose of MOL for 5 consecutive days; and (5) MOL+RT group rats were treated for 5 consecutive days by i.p. with MOL before RT. At the end of the work the rats were sacrificed under high-dose anesthesia on the 16(th) day and then eye tissues were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical (caspase-3), and biochemical analyses (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH], and malondialdehyde [MDA]). Results: RT significantly decreased both the content of GSH and the activity of SOD, and significantly increased the production of MDA level in the rat eyes. MOL treatment significantly increased the SOD and GSH levels and significantly decreased the MDA production (p < 0.0001). In addition, RT significantly increased the number of ganglion cells (GCs; p = 0.001), whereas especially pretreatment with MOL improved (p = 0.013). RT led to significant retinopathy formation, and MOL therapy protected the retina from radiation-induced retinopathy (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: We suggest that MOL is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavenger that prevents the rat eyes from radiation-induced retinopathy and oxidative stress