Microwave Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Study of Some Chalcone Compounds Derived from Phenyl Isothiocyanate

Chalcones are synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation, which involves cross-aldol condensation of appropriate aldehydes and ketones by base catalyzed reaction, the new chalcone derivatives synthesized by the reaction aldehyde with their compounds. By microwave assisted synthesis, a considerable increase in the reaction rate has been observed and that too, with better yields. M.P., TLC, CHN, FTIR, NMR and MS spectroscopy has characterized all the synthesized compounds. The biological screening data of the synthesized compounds were also studied. Keywords: microwave, chalcone, antibacterial. DOI: 10.7176/CMR/11-3-05 Publication date:March 31st 201

The Association of Prothrombin Gene Mutations and Cytomegalovirus Infection with Abortion Among Iraqi Women

يُصنف الإجهاض على أنه إنهاء الحمل الناجم عن فشل أو إزالة الجنين من الرحم قبل إتمام الحمل. هناك عوامل مختلفة ترتبط بالإجهاض منها الكائنات الحية الدقيقة والعوامل الوراثية. ان الفيروس المضخم للخلايا هو أحد مسببات العدوى الفيروسية الخلقية التي تصيب مجموعة واسعة من الأشخاص. يعتبر جين البروثرومبين (معرف الجين: 14061 في NCBI) أحد الأسباب الأساسية التي تؤدي إلى تخثر الدم ووظيفة الإجهاض، وبالتالي فإن الهدف من الدراسة هو اكتشاف وربط الفيروس المضخم للخلايا وطفرة جين البروثرومبين بالإجهاض من خلال الأساليب الجينية والمناعية.  تم جمع 5 مل من حجم الدم الكامل من خلال وخز الوريد وتم تقسيمها إلى أنبوبتين، أحداهما تحتوي على EDTA والأخرى دون (أنبوب عادي) من 74 امرأة لديهن تاريخ إجهاض كمجموعة مريضات و74 امرأة بدون سجل إجهاض مع واحد على الأقل من الخصوبة الناجحة كمجموعة تحكم. تُستخدم PCRs الخاصة بأليل لتضخيم مناطق الجينات باستخدام بادئات جينية تحتوي على تعدد أشكال جينات البروثرومبين.أظهرت النتائج الحالية أن أكبر خطر للإجهاض لوحظ في النساء المصابات بتفاعلية مصلية IgG في 65 امرأة مع تردد (87.8٪) وكان أقل معدل للإجهاض في إيجابية مصلية IgM في 3 نساء بمعدل تكرار (4.1٪) و6 (8.1٪).) كانت إيجابية لـ IgM-وIgG يشير إلى امتلاكهم عدوى قديمة وحديثة. علاوة على ذلك، تُستخدم PCRs الخاصة بالأليل لتضخيم تعدد الأشكال البروثرومبين G20201A. أظهرت نتيجة هذه الدراسة عدم وجود علاقة بين تكرار مستوى النمط الجيني للبروثرومبين والإجهاض في النساء المصابات بفيروس CMV. في حين أن هناك علاقة ارتباط ذات دلالة إحصائية بين مجموعات الأليلات A وG والإجهاض في النساء المصابات بفيروس CMV.Abortion is categorized as the termination of conception caused by the failure or removal of the embryo from the uterus before the conclusion of pregnancy. Microorganisms and genetic factors are two of the many factors associated with abortion. Cytomegalovirus is a widespread congenital virus infection pathogen that affects a wide variety of people. The prothrombin gene is one of the essential causes that trigger blood clotting and the function of abortion women, therefore the aim of the study is to detect and associate Cytomegalovirus and prothrombin gene mutation (Gene ID: 14061 in NCBI) with abortion through genetic and immunological methods. Five ml of whole blood was collected from an intravenous puncture and divided into two tubes, one with EDTA and one without (plain tube) from 74 women with an abortion history as a patient group and 74 women without an abortion record who had at least one successful fertility as a control group. Allele-specific PCRs are used to amplify gene regions with genetic primers containing prothrombin gene polymorphisms. Current results have shown the greatest risk of abortion was observed in women patients with IgG seropositivity in 65 women with frequency (87.8%) and the lowest rate of abortion was in IgM seropositivity in 3 women with frequency (4.1%) and 6 (8.1%) were positive for IgM-and IgG indicating they have both an old and recent infections. Furthermore, allele-specific PCRs are used to amplify prothrombin G20201A polymorphism. The result of this study demonstrated there is no association between prothrombin genotype level frequency and abortion in CMV-infected women. While, there is a highly significant association between A and G Alleles combinations and abortion in CMV-infected women

Analysis load forecasting of power system using fuzzy logic and artificial neural network

Load forecasting is a vital element in the energy management of function and execution purpose throughout the energy power system. Power systems problems are complicated to solve because power systems are huge complex graphically widely distributed and are influenced by many unexpected events. This paper presents the analysis of load forecasting using fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural network (ANN) and ANFIS. These techniques are utilized for both short term and long-term load forecasting. ANN and ANFIS are used to improve the results obtained through the FL. It also studied the effects of humidity, temperature and previous load on Load Forecasting. The simulation is done by the Simulink environment of MATLAB software

Effect of Some Medicinal Plants on the Activity of Some Immunological Factors in Saliva and Serum of Type –?? Diabetics

The study involved 45 male and 45 females of diabetic patients type- ?? aged from 40-69years , and with the same numbers of males and females for control , all the patients and controls were without any periodontal diseases and without any systemic disease. Diabetic patients were divided in to three groups according to the degree of periodontitis , and the inflamed gingiva of all groups of diabetic patients were treated with the dried fruits powder (crude) of medicinal plants Quercus robur , Thuja occidenalis , Terminalia chebula, Anethum graveolens , respectively and mixture. Some immunological and antimicrobial factors (IgA, Lactoferrin , Lysozyme ) , were detected in serum and saliva of diabetic patients and the controls , the results revealed that the level of IgA , Lysozyme in saliva were more than in serum of the control , and this will insure that these factors are considered to be generally protected against bacteria in the oral cavity . Also there was a significant increase at (p?0.001) especially after treatment with the mixture of medicinal plants , so that the mixture of these plants can be considered the best type in the treatment of inflamed gingiva of type –?? diabetic patients

Synthesis and Characterization of Some New 1-(3-(heterocyclic-2-yl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl)Pentane-1,2,3,4,5-Pentaol Derivatives from New Chalcone

The synthesis and characterization of some novel chalcone and isoxazole derivatives has been presented. Isoxazoles (D-F) have been prepared from chalcones (A-C) by treating with hydroxylamine hydrochloride . The structure of isoxazoles has been characterized by spectral analysis by FT-IR  and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Keywords: isoxazole chalcone, heterocyclic DOI: 10.7176/CMR/12-1-02 Publication date: January 31st 202

Spectral characteristics of normal and nutrient-deficient maize leaves

Reflectance, transmittance and absorbance spectra of normal and six types of mineral-deficient (N,P,K,S,Mg and Ca) maize (Zea mays L.) leaves were analyzed at 30 selected wavelengths along the electromagnetic spectrum from 500 to 2600 nm. Chlorophyll content and percent leaf moisture were also determined. Leaf thermograms were obtained for normal, N- and S- deficient leaves. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences in reflectance, transmittance and absorbance in the visible wavelengths among leaf numbers 3, 4, and 5, among the seven nutrient treatments, and among the interactions of leaves and treatments. In the reflective infrared wavelengths only treatments produced significant differences. The chlorophyll content of leaves was reduced in all deficiencies in comparison to controls. Percent moisture was increased in S-, Mg- and N- deficiencies. Positive correlation (r = 0.707) between moisture content and percent absorption at both 1450 and 1930 nm were obtained. Polynomial regression analysis of leaf thickness and leaf moisture content showed that these two variables were significantly and directly related (r = 0.894)

Assessment of Air Pollution around Durra Refinery (Baghdad) from Emission NO2 Gas at April Month

غاز النتروجين هو واحد من المولوثات الخطره الموجوده في الهواء,انه غاز سام ويسبب تاثيرات صحيه كبيره على الجهاز التنفسي,اغلب مصادر هذا الغاز تنبعث من المصادر صناعيه  وبشكل خاص من مداخن محطات الطاقه ومصافي النفط. في هذه الدراسه معادله كاوس تم نمذجتها بستخدام برنامج الماتلاب لتوضيح تاثير غاز ثاني اوكسيد النتروجين NO2على منطقه محيطه بمصفى الدوره وايضا هذا البرنامج يقوم بتقيم بعض العناصر مثل سرعه الرياح والاستقراريه وتاثيرها على ارتفاع المدخنه.البيانات المستخدمه في هذه الدراسه هي كميه النفط الاسود ووقود الغاز المحترق في داخل المصفى خلال سنه 2017.البيانات الساعيه الشهريه اختبرت كحاله دراسيه بسبب هذا الشهر كحاله متقلبه.بعد تحديد نسبه الانبعاث للوقود وحساب سرعه الخروج من المدخنه(سنعتبر كل المصفى نقطه واحده) وحساب الارتفاع الفعال الناتج.تم مقارنه بين الارتفاع الفعال والعناصر الجويه وايضا الاستقراريه حيث وجد ان هناك علاقه طرديه مباشره عند ظروف الجويه الغير مستقره.بعد تنفيذ موديل كاوس تبين ان اغلب المناطق الملوثه بغاز ثاني اوكسيد النتروجين NO2هي الجادريه ومنطقه الكراراده وهي منطقه تبعد 3-4كم من المصفى ان الرياح السائده هي الجنوب الشرقي.Nitrogen dioxide NO2 is one of the most dangerous contaminant in the air, its toxic gas that cause disturbing respiratory effects, most of it emitted from industrial sources especially from the stack of power plants and oil refineries. In this study Gaussian equations modelled by Matlab program to state the effect of pollutant NO2 gas on area around Durra refinery, this program also evaluate some elements such as wind and stability and its effect on stacks height. Data used in this study is the amount of fuel oil and fuel gas burn inside refinery at a year 2017. Hourly April month data chosen as a case study because it’s unsteady month. After evaluate emission rate of the all fuel and calculate exit velocity from stack (consider all refinery unit is a point), effective height resulted. Effective height is test with other atmospheric element and with stability, and there is direct relation with unstable turner classes. After Gaussian model implemented results show that most pollutant area from pollutant of NO2 is Al-Jadriyah and Al-Karada area, this area is about 3-5 kilometer from the refinery point. The wind direction domain is from the south to south-east, thus most flow is to north, north-west and the pollutant level of NO2 is over the national ambient air quality standard in this area

Oxidative responses and genetic stability of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Barhi cv. under salinity stress.

This study was aimed to investigate the oxidative responses and genetic stability of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. under different irrigation water salinity, date palm off shoots cv. Barhi subjected to different concentrations of NaCl (100, 200, 300 and 400 µM) for 180 days. The obtained results showed that, the date palm responses to salinity stress, this responses was increased of H2O2 level, Peroxidase activity and Malondialdehyde MDA concentration with increase NaCl concentration, while opposite trend with membrane stability index, which H2O2 was increased from(0.73 µM/g) in control to (2.20 µM/g) in 400 µM treatment, MDA was increased from (2.35 nmole/g) in control to (nmole/g) in 400 µM treatment, also peroxidase activity was reached to (39.59 U/min/g) in 400 µM treatment, while was (20.73 U/min/g) in control and Membrane stability index reduction significantly from (81.36%) in control to (64.13%) in 400 µM treatment.  In terms of genetic stability of date palm under salinity stress, the ISSR markers analysis showed that, the high concentrations of NaCl (200, 300 and 400 µM) produced more polymorphic fragments comparison to control treatment, while the DNA profile was identical between control and 100 µMtreatment.Dendogram was generated using similarity indices of ISSR markers showed, the lowest genetic similarity was found between 400 µM NaCl concentration and control and 100 µM treatment, followed with both 200 and 300 µM treatments, which the control and 100 µM treatment was grouped in one cluster, also treatments with 200 and 300 µM grouped in one cluster, while the treatment with 400 µM NaCl separated in cluster. Keywords: ISSR, Genetic stability, Oxidative stress, Peroxidase, MDA, membrane peroxidatio

New Techniques of Weighted Sum Method for Solving Multi-Objective Geometric Programming Problems

أجريت هذه الدراسة في الكلية التقنية بالمسيب / قسم تقنيات الإنتاج الحيواني لبحث تأثير الموسم على بعض المتغيرات البيوكيميائية للسوائل الجريبية في مبايض النعاج العراقية المحلية. جمعت خمسون مبيض من جزار كربلاء والنجف لموسمين: الموسم الأول (آب 2021) والموسم الثاني (كانون الثاني 2022). علاوة على ذلك ، تم تقسيم البصيلات المجمعة حسب أحجامها إلى ثلاث مجموعات (المجموعة الأولى <3 مم)، (المجموعة الثانية 3-5 مم)، (المجموعة الثالثة> 5 مم) وأظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية (P 0.01) للبروتين. الجلوكوز والكوليسترول والصوديوم، وزيادة معنوية (P 0.05) للكالسيوم في الموسم الأول مقارنة بالموسم الثاني ، وكانت الزيادة المعنوية (P ≤ 0.05) للبوتاسيوم في الموسم الثاني مقارنة بالموسم الأول . أما بالنسبة لأحجام البصيلات التي أظهرتها النتيجة فقد كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية كبيرة في حجم البصيلات للمجموعة الأولى (أقل من 3 مم) P≤0.01 حيث وصلت في الموسم الأول 8 (32.00٪) وفي الموسم الثاني. 13 (52.00٪) ووجدوا أيضا فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عالية في حجم البصيلات للمجموعة الثانية (3-5 ملم) 11 (44.00٪) في الموسم الأول و 6 (24.00٪) في الموسم الثاني ( (P≤0.01 أما بالنسبة لبصيلات المجموعة الثالثة (> 5 مم) فلم توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية حيث بلغت 6 (24.00٪) في الموسم الأول و 6 (24.00٪) في الموسم الثاني. كما اختلفت المجموعات بشكل كبير خلال نفس الموسم. كانت الزيادة ذات المعنوية العالية للمجموعة الثانية (P≤0.01) مقارنة بباقي المجموعات خلال الموسم الأول، بينما في الموسم الثاني كانت الزيادة العالية ذات المعنوية العالية للمجموعة الأولى (P≤0.01) مقارنة بباقي المجموعات. من المجموعات.This study was conducted in the technical college of Mussaib / department of Animal Production Techniques to investigate the effect of season on some follicular fluid biochemical parameters in the ovaries of the-. Fifty ovaries were collected from Karbala and Najaf butcheries for two seasons: the first season (August 2021) and the second season (January 2022). Moreover, collected follicles were divided according to their sizes into three groups (first group < 3 mm), (second group 3-5 mm), and (third group > 5mm) The results showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.01) for protein, glucose, cholesterol, and sodium, and a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) for calcium in the first season compared to the second season, and the significant increase was (P ≤ 0.05) for potassium in the second season compared to the first season. As for the follicles sizes the result exhibited, there were highly significant differences in the size of the follicles for the first group (< 3 mm) P≤0.01, as it reached in the first season 8 (32.00%) and in the second season 13 (52.00%) and also found highly significant differences in the size of the follicles for the second group (3-5 mm) 11 (44.00%) in the first season and 6 (24.00%) in the second season (P≤0.01). for the follicles of the third group (> 5mm), there were no significant differences, as it reached 6 (24.00%) in the first season and 6 (24.00%) in the second season. The groups also differed significantly within the same season. The highly significant increase for the second group was (P≤0.01) compared to the rest of the groups within the first season, while in the second season, the high significant increase was for the first group (P≤0.01) compared to the rest of the group