Voltage programmable diffraction grating device

In this research, voltage programmable liquid device has been introduced, studied and a relationship was verified for the electromagnetic relationship between the parameters of the device and the switching application was characterised. The basic operation of the device is to create sinusoidal undulation (wrinkle) on the surface of oil. This wrinkle is used as a variable diffraction grating that changes the wrinkle amplitude in proportion to the applied voltage squared. The device consists of a thin layer (between 8 μm and 50 μm) of 1-Decanol oil which coats a 0.5 μm thick layer of dielectric (SU8 photoresist) that itself has been deposited on to a glass substrate that is patterned with the indium tin oxide electrodes. The pattern of electrodes (interdigitated electrodes) was produced by standard photolithography techniques and the average distance between the electrodes plus the gap between the electrodes (p) that were produced in different devices were 10μm, 20μm, 40μm, 80μm, 160μm, 240μm and 320 μm. The main area of research was focused on studying the Decanol oil with single frequency 20 kHz squarewave. The square wave voltage V is applied between adjacent electrodes in the interdigitated array such that highly non-uniform electric field profiles are created between the electrodes. The non-uniform electric field create wrinkles (undulation) in the oil surface that is used in the device. That wrinkle is created by dielectrophoresis forces which act to collect the fluid in sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal shape depending on the oil in use. In this research the focus is on oil that produces sinusoidal shape profile

The Role of Green Financing for Renewable Energy Projects in Reducing Jordan's Debt

Energy is the main driver of various economic sectors. Scientific and technological developments in the sources of power generation have a significant impact on the Jordanian economy, especially renewable energy projects. The sources of energy generation cost a large amount of foreign currencies, and it is generating great pressure on the balance of payments and Jordan's debt. Jordan is characterized by the diversity of renewable energy sources; the expansion of green finance is an important component in the increase of renewable energy projects. When a high rate of renewable energy to energy production in Jordan. it leads to a reduction in the import of fossil fuels, reduces the Jordanian debt, and the Jordanian energy security is achieved. Keywords: Green Finance, Renewable Energy, Jordanian Debt DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/12-22-07 Publication date: November 30th 2021

The Dealer Attitudes (clients and brokers) and Their Impact on Performance Criteria in Amman Stock Exchange

This study aimed to explore dealers attitudes ( clients and brokers)  and determine the differences in these attitudes in both categories, and  impact of these attitudes on the performance in the Amman Stock Exchange through the two criteria of performance.Results of the study confirmed that there are significant differences between the two categories of dealers in three dimensions. While there were not significant differences in the values ??of the dealing between the two groups. There is a significant positive impact regarding the three dimensions of dealer attitudes (professional dealing, information and financial knowledge, future readiness and development). Keywords: Dealer attitudes, Amman Burse, Performanc

Identifying smart conducting materials for Wi-Fi electromagnetic interference shielding

The objective of this paper is to identify a suitable coating material in order to tune the microwave radiation and produce absorption losses for Wi-Fi devices. It is also desirable to obtain high absorption losses outside the Wi-Fi microwave frequency range of 2.4 GHz. Literature reviews of several types of material are described and compared for the use of the selected material in order to coat a Wi-Fi device for the desired absorption losses for that device. The selected material for the Wi-Fi device is usually a metal material or a combination of metals like Aluminium in polymer matrix with different types of composites. The choice of materials will aim to target the tuning of the electromagnetic spectrum at a frequency in the range of 2.4 GHz. The paper focuses on two groups of polymer materials; conducting material as a result of composites like Carbon Nanotube Composites (CNC) or other metal composites. The second group is the Intrinsic Conducting Polymer (ICP) which conducts as a result of doping with other materials. A third group is the highly conductive metals like copper and aluminum. The metals are used as a reference comparator to the other two groups

Factorial construct of the academic parental involvement according to paternity, maternity and study stage in Sultanate of Oman

The parental academic involvement is an important variable in achieving cooperation between home and school with the aim of improving the performance of their children and boosting the school's attempt to understand and appreciate the values and cultures of families to effectively meet the needs of their children. It is also considered an added value to develop the educational process of children at all ages. The importance of the research lies in its findings which reveal that the parental academic involvement of the selected sample of students in light of parenthood and school stage (secondary-university) is a decided advantage, as this makes a better understanding of this variable and its constituents in Oman. This would help draw guidelines and instructions and give rise to counseling programs, making parents and educationalists aware of the educational process, and improving the academic performance and the behavior of their different. The study sample consists of 210 students in their 10th grade at the secondary stage and 152 male and female students in their 2nd year in the College of Education at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU). Two scales were devised, one which is applied to secondary stage students and another applied to SQU students. The findings show that there are specific factors related to parental academic involvement concept, as there are fatherhood and motherhood factors applicable to secondary stage and others applicable to university students. These factors vary by type (Father-Mother) and the school stage (secondary–university)

Attenuated PTH Responsiveness to Vitamin D Deficiency among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Hyperglycemia

Background The short and long-term relationship between hyperglycemia and PTH level among patients suffering from both diabetes type 2 and vitamin D deficiency were evaluated. Methods This was a cross sectional study performed at Dubai Diabetes Center, UAE. To demonstrate the relationship between hyperglycemia and PTH level, subjects with type 2 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency (124 adults) were divided into 4 groups based on their FPG and HbA1c levels. Results Mean vitamin D and PTH levels among subjects with HbA1c ≤ 7% (53 mmol/mol) were 14.05 ng/ml and 19.51 pg/ml respectively. On the other hand, mean vitamin D and PTH levels among subjects with HbA1c ≥ 10% (86 mmol/mol) were significantly lower at 11.77 ng/ml and 17.75 pg/ml respectively. The product of vitamin D and PTH among subjects with an HbA1c ≤ 7% (53 mmol/mol) was 250.380, compared with only 197.710 among subjects with HbA1c ≥ 10 (86 mmol/mol). Regression analysis for subjects older than 50 years shows a significant negative effect of HbA1c on the PTH level. Mean calcium level among subjects with HbA1c ≤ 7% (53 mmol/mol) was 8.80 mg/dl compared with 8.94 mg/dl when HbA1c is ≥10% (86 mmol/mol) with no statistical difference. Although high FPG was associated with a lower PTH level, such association was not statistically significant. Conclusions Chronic hyperglycemia, as assessed by A1C level, is associated with a significantly attenuated PTH responsiveness to vitamin D deficiency without a significant change in calcium level. On the other hand, there was no significant association between FPG and PTH level

A model of motivational and technological factors influencing massive open online courses’ continuous intention to use

Massive open online courses have been regarded as effective technological innovations that improve educational systems in the era of digitalisation. However, only 10% of the registered students complete their courses. This study aims to examine the motivational and technological factors and contextual features on students’ continuous intention to use. A questionnaire was gathered from 315 of students in the UAE and revealed that social motivational and technological factors driven by the technology acceptance model and technology task fit theory significantly influenced the students’ continuance intention to use. This study also revealed that contextual features including language use and course accreditation are important indicators determining students’ behaviours toward the use. Hence, this study proposed an integrative model to explain ways to improve continuance intention to use. This study contributes to the sustainable use of massive open online courses in developing countries through an integrative model

Quality of Sleep and Its Effect on Glycemic Control

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread illness that affects around 347 million individuals globally. DM not only has many clinical implications but also has a detrimental impact on the quality of sleep in patients. Insufficient sleep quality hinders the proper regulation of blood sugar levels, which is considered a fundamental aspect of managing diabetes. It also has other harmful repercussions that significantly affect one's overall quality of life. Increasing data suggests that sleep disturbances and sleep deprivation have an impact on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Simultaneously, changes in glucose metabolism can potentially affect the quality of sleep. The association between T2DM and sleep-disturbed breathing has been thoroughly investigated. Individuals diagnosed with T2DM exhibit a remarkably elevated incidence of obstructive sleep apnea, which subsequently leads to suboptimal management of blood sugar levels. Conversely, the correlation between T1DM and sleep has not been well-studied