Analysis of opportunities for environmentally friendly and efficient handling and reduction of residual products from Scania's engine manufacturing

At Scania's engine manufacturing in Södertälje, manufacturing processes are used for designing and machining engine components. In the manufacturing of these engine components, residual products are formed such as millings, wastewater and residual emulsion. Scania's internal goal is to reduce the amount of non-recyclable waste by 25% from 2015 to 2020. Engine manufacturing aims to handle all wastewater and residual emulsion at Scania's internal waste management facility "by 2018". The thesis examined technical possibilities of reducing the amount of residual products from the engine manufacturing, as well as investigating the potential for improvement of residual product management. Qualitative and quantitative methods, such as interviews and data processing of waste statistics have been used in the study. A solution proposal has been developed for reducing and managing millings from the production. For reduction and management of wastewater and residual emulsion, four different solutions have been developed. The solution proposals have been analyzed based of economic profitability, waste reduction and applicability. For the reduction and managing of millings, the most qualified technique was briquetting. The study shows that the amount of millings produced at the crankshaft department can be reduced by 100% and to invest in a briquetting system is financially profitable after 2,3 years if the briquettes are recycled internally at Scania. For wastewater and residual emulsion management, there is a potential for improvement at the engine manufacturing to reduce external handling. Effciency enhancement and development of processes and working methods for engine manufacturing is a cost-effective solution to improve the management of residual products. The investigation shows that investing in a buffer system is an effective solution for improving the management of wastewater and residual emulsion, with regard to a more leveled waste flow. The two solutions are both economically profitable and environmentally beneficial in the form of less external handling. Engine manufacturing has the opportunity to reduce the amount of wastewater by investing in staff for the maintenance and control of washing machines. The investigation also shows that the amount of wastewater could be further reduced by investing in measuring and monitoring systems for the final washers. The two solutions will generate an economic profit in the form of improved cleanliness of the engine components, reduced amount of wastewater, as well as fewer external handlings

Implications for Enhancing the Financial Reporting Quality Brought on by the Digital Revolution of Internal Control

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish causal relationships between internal review quality, digital transformation, and the credibility of financial reports. Standardization, organizational reliance, independence, the advent of online transformation, and the function of internal auditing in risk assessment and the enhancement of financial reporting have all seen significant changes over time. Internal audit plays a critical role in ensuring the accuracy of a company's financial statements and performance reports. To boost the trustworthiness of financial accounts, it is crucial to invest in the research and development of more efficient techniques of internal auditing.   Theoretical framework: Virtual Transformation Improves Internal Audits and Financial Reporting Quality In order to ensure people's safety during the digital revolution, the study's authors recommended setting up new rules and regulations to regulate the practice of internal audit. To cut expenses, the publication suggested digitizing all corporate procedures. To thrive in today's highly technical environment, the auditing sector will need to implement novel strategic work techniques and organizational structures. Otherwise, they'll have a hard time justifying their expenditures.   Design, technique, and approach: Standardized surveys were used to acquire the primary data. There were 112 total questionnaires sent out, and only 79 were returned with the required information. Social science statistical package SPSS was used to evaluate the data and produce a 95% confidence interval for the estimation of digitalization's to the standard of quality of internal audits and financial-reporting.   Findings: The results appears that there is no statistically meaningful connection between How well internal audits are conducted and how quickly digital transformations are implemented.; no digital transformation mechanisms elevate the standard of accounting reports. The quality of internal audits and the quality of financial reports do not appear to have any statistically significant relationship in light of the digital shift.   Implication: This research might be a beneficial resource for anybody interested in the study of the rise of the digital age on the financial industry and the link between it and the internal review quality to enhance the company's internal auditing and reporting for better performance.   Originality/ Value: The originality/value of changes in the way risks are evaluated and reported, the sophistication of online transformation and its impact on internal auditing standards, and Subject areas that would benefit from empirical research include the history of online transformation generally, and the evolution of online transformation specifically. Keeping investors and other stakeholders updated on the company's financial health and performance metrics is impossible without regular internal audits. In order to improve the accuracy of financial reports, it is essential to conduct more thorough internal audits. Since much of the research on this topic has been done in other countries or regions, this one is woefully underexplored. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish causal relationships between internal review quality, digital transformation, and the credibility of financial reports. Standardization, organizational reliance, independence, the advent of online transformation, and the function of internal auditing in risk assessment and the enhancement of financial reporting have all seen significant changes over time. Internal audit plays a critical role in ensuring the accuracy of a company's financial statements and performance reports. To boost the trustworthiness of financial accounts, it is crucial to invest in the research and development of more efficient techniques of internal auditing.   Theoretical framework: Virtual Transformation Improves Internal Audits and Financial Reporting Quality In order to ensure people's safety during the digital revolution, the study's authors recommended setting up new rules and regulations to regulate the practice of internal audit. To cut expenses, the publication suggested digitizing all corporate procedures. To thrive in today's highly technical environment, the auditing sector will need to implement novel strategic work techniques and organizational structures. Otherwise, they'll have a hard time justifying their expenditures.   Design, technique, and approach: Standardized surveys were used to acquire the primary data. There were 112 total questionnaires sent out, and only 79 were returned with the required information. Social science statistical package SPSS was used to evaluate the data and produce a 95% confidence interval for the estimation of digitalization's to the standard of quality of internal audits and financial-reporting.   Findings: The results appears that there is no statistically meaningful connection between How well internal audits are conducted and how quickly digital transformations are implemented.; no digital transformation mechanisms elevate the standard of accounting reports. The quality of internal audits and the quality of financial reports do not appear to have any statistically significant relationship in light of the digital shift.   Implication: This research might be a beneficial resource for anybody interested in the study of the rise of the digital age on the financial industry and the link between it and the internal review quality to enhance the company's internal auditing and reporting for better performance.   Originality/ Value: The originality/value of changes in the way risks are evaluated and reported, the sophistication of online transformation and its impact on internal auditing standards, and Subject areas that would benefit from empirical research include the history of online transformation generally, and the evolution of online transformation specifically. Keeping investors and other stakeholders updated on the company's financial health and performance metrics is impossible without regular internal audits. In order to improve the accuracy of financial reports, it is essential to conduct more thorough internal audits. Since much of the research on this topic has been done in other countries or regions, this one is woefully underexplored

The Relationship Between the Reputation of Audit Offices and the Accuracy of the Opinion on Continuity and the Extent to Which it is Affected by the Financial Failure Field Research in the Iraqi Stock Exchange

Purposes: The purpose of the research is to test the relationship between the reputation of the auditor's office and the accuracy of his opinion on continuity and the impact of that relationship on the financial failure of the client company.   Theoretical framework: Studying the impact of the financial failure of the client company as an intermediate variable. Where some control variables are included, these were addressed through previous studies through a sample of companies listed on the Iraqi stock market (2017-2020) based on the binary logistic regression model to test the research hypotheses.   Methodology/ Design Approach: Relying on the binary logistic regression model to test and conducting additional analysis to test the research hypotheses.   Results: The results of the research indicated that there is a positive and significant impact of the reputation of the audit firms on the accuracy of their opinion on the continuity hypothesis, as well as the positive impact of the accuracy of the opinion of the Supreme Audit Bureau in the supervision of the auditors of the Bureau, and there is a positive and important impact of the variable of financial default as an intermediary variable between reputation the auditor's office and the accuracy of his opinion on continuity. Finally, the results of the analysis support the positive correlation of the effect of financial failure as a control variable on the accuracy of his opinion on going concern.   Research and practical and social effects: The social effects of research appear by studying the reputation of the auditor and its impact on the continuity or failure of companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange. The value of originality: The research represents a qualitative addition to the research that examined the auditor’s reputation variables and their impact on the continuity of companies