The impact of the prevailing organizational culture on the adoption of green marketing in chemical-industry companies in three Arab states in west Asia

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the prevailing organizational culture on the adoption of green marketing in chemical-industry companies in three countries: Syria, Kuwait and Jordan. The research used a survey methodology. A questionnaire was designed and administered simultaneously in the three countries using three different samples consisting of 220 respondents, 12 respondents, and 132 respondents, respectively. The questionnaires collected from the three samples were coded and analyzed. The study concluded that the organizational culture in the samples from the three countries has positive attitudes towards the adoption of green marketing. The Kuwaiti sample has the highest level of positive attitudes in comparison with the other two samples. The task-oriented culture is the dominant prevailing organizational culture in the chemical-industry companies located in Syria and Jordan, but a fulfillment-oriented culture is the dominant prevailing organizational culture in chemical-industry companies located in Kuwait. Our analysis shows that the impact of the prevailing organizational culture differs in accordance with differences in employee education level, country, and years of experience.Organizational culture; Chemical industrial companies; Green marketing; Culture

Worker Strikes in Islamic Economics

يعالج البحث حكم “الاضراب العمالي” من منظور الاقتصاد الإسلامي، وما يتركه من أثر على عقد العمل .This research endeavors to treat the issue of labor strike fromthe perspective of Islamic economics, and the impact that it mayleave on labor contract

The Consistitutionality of Acts of Sovereiginty and Immune Laws

There is No. doubt that the Administrative Decisions should be issued in conformity with the provisions of the law to be described as legitimate, but for certain circumstances some decisions failed to be subject to the  Judicial Review because of its nature, such as Acts of Sovereignty where some acts  are immunized and out of judicial control.Literature and the judicial system have cooperated on a specific position on these decisions, whether they are Acts of Sovereignty or Immune Decisions. Accordingly, the researchers saw the need to set terms and regulations over Administrative Acts. The decisions taken must adhere to the elements and bases of the right Administrative Decision. Especially that Administrative Decisions constitute a violation of the rights and freedoms of individuals. Keywords: Constitutional, Administrative Decision, Immunization, Appeal, Acts of Sovereignty, Laws, Legitimacy. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/88-16 Publication date: August 31st 201

Antibiotic resistance pattern of HA-MRSA strains isolated from leukemia patients in Baghdad, Iraq

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Heterogeneously catalysed aerobic oxidation of alcohols in microstructured reactors

The goal of this thesis research was to develop microfluidic platforms for the study of gas-solid and gas-liquid-solid alcohol oxidation reactions. The desired products of these reactions are of great importance industrially due to their value as intermediates in industries such as the fine chemical and pharmaceutical sectors. The application of microreaction technology to these reactions is proving to be beneficial due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio, resulting in fast heat and mass transfer and an ability to circumvent problems such as high exothermicity, mass transfer limitations, and poor control of reaction conditions. Two types of reaction systems were developed to facilitate this research; a three-phase micro-packed bed reactor for the study of benzyl alcohol oxidation on supported gold-palladium catalyst and a wall-coated microreactor for the study of methanol oxidation to formaldehyde on silver catalyst. Reaction and deactivation flow studies were first conducted in continuous flow microfluidic setups to understand catalyst activation and deactivation behaviour, culminating in the selection of the most stable catalyst formulation. These reaction studies were followed by a series of hydrodynamic and mass transfer investigations, where differences in hydrodynamics to conventional macroscale systems were identified, and a classification of flow regimes applicable to micro-packed bed reactors presented. An understanding of the influence of hydrodynamics on mass transfer, catalyst deactivation and reaction performance has been developed for benzyl alcohol oxidation, resulting in enhancement in flow reactor performance in comparison to batch. Exploration of different microreactor designs, to cope with challenging process conditions, as well as the application of novel methods for reactor characterization (such as Raman spectroscopy) are also presented

Optimum Sampling Strategy for National Households in Abu Dhabi: With Implementation on the Household Master Sample

In Abu Dhabi, households are classify as “national households” where the head of household is citizen; “non-national households” family households with household head of other nationalities; and “shared households”, which are unrelated persons living independently in same housing unit.Although the national households represent 21.5% of the total number of households in Abu Dhabi, they are the most important domain for the analysis. For this reason, a special sampling strategy is required to increase the number of national households in the sample of the surveys.Based on the 2011 Abu Dhabi population census, Statistics Centre – Abu Dhabi (SCAD) constructed a household frame. A master sample of housing units was developed to support a stratified, two-stage sample design for future surveys, with stratification of enumeration areas.The enumeration areas (EAs) were stratified by the percentage of national households. In addition, a sample allocation criterion was devised to select the sample of the EAs to come up with the optimum total sample of national households in Master Sample 2012. This criterion assigned different weights to the strata based on total nationals in the sampling frame.The proposed sampling strategy produced significant improvements in the percentage of selected sample that were national households. Keywords: Sampling frame, sample allocation, stratification, Master Sample DOI: 10.7176/JESD/10-24-10 Publication date: December 31st 201

The Reality of the Application of Cost System in Islamic Bank- Jordan Case

This research aims to identify the nature of the application of cost systems in Islamic banks in terms of their concept, conditions and legitimate purposes, then stand on the analysis of the reality of the application of cost a Systems based on activities in one of the Jordanian Islamic banks. The researcher concluded the cost systems in Islamic Banking have some specificity derived from the rules and provisions of Islamic law, and the application of the activity-based costing system in Jordanian Islamic Banks achieves the ability to make sound administrative decisions