ANN for Predicting Temperature and Humidity in the Surrounding Environment

Abstract: In this research, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed and tested to predict temperature in the surrounding environment. A number of factors were identified that may affect temperature or humidity. Factors such as the nature of the surrounding place, proximity or distance from water surfaces, the influence of vegetation, and the level of rise or fall below sea level, among others, as input variables for the ANN model. A model based on multi-layer concept topology was developed and trained using data from several regions in the surrounding environment. The evaluation of testing the dataset shows that the ANN model is capable of correctly predicting the temperature with 100% accuracy

(أفكار ابن تيمية وتحديات التربية ا لإسلامية اليوم (دراسة تحليلية نوعية وصفية

التربية الإسلامية هي المصدر الرئيس في حياة المسلمين. ووجودُها من أجل زيادة القدرة على الجمع بين الروحانية والعملية وتشكيل مسلم مخلص لله سبحانه وتعالى، تكُون له شخصية نبيلة. في العصر اليوم، هناك الكثير من التحديات التي تواجه التربية الإسلامية، لا سيما المتعلقة بالعولمة والتطورات التكنولوجية، وكذلك تأثير الثقافة الغربية. وإن الغرض من هذا البحث إيجاد حلول للتحديات الحالية في التربية الإسلامية من أفكار ابن تيمية. كان ابن تيمية أحد الفلاسفة المسلمين، واهتم بالتربية الإسلامية اهتماماً كبيراً. وقال كلاماً كثيراً عن التربية الإسلامية، وقال إنه لا يمكن حل جميع المشاكل التي يواجهها المسلم إلَّا بالتربية الإسلامية. استخدم هذا البحث المنهج النوعي الوصفى. والبيانات من الأدبيات الموجودة، ثم تمَّ تحليل البيانات وصفياً، أي عن طريق جمع البيانات وتصنيفها ثم معالجتها. وتشير نتائج هذا البحث إلى أن ابن تيمية قدم عدة حلول في مواجهة تحديات التربية الإسلامية المختلفة، على الرغم من أن التحديات التى واجهتها ليست واحدة بسبب الفترات الزمنية المختلفة. ويمكن استخدام هذه الحلول في أي وقت لأنها تركز على شخصية كل مسلم

SOCIAL MEDIA AS A THREAT TO NATIONAL SECURITY: A CASE STUDY OF TWITTER IN PAKISTAN

Social media has evolved significantly over the years while providing strategic platforms for voices to reach billions of people within no time. Accordingly, it has advantages and disadvantages (threats). The nature of threats emanating from social media, especially Twitter, in the context of Pakistan, are mainly in the form of radicalization, glorification of terrorist groups, propagation of violent sub-nationalism and hybrid warfare. Though Pakistan has been relatively active after 2020 in responding to social media challenges, implementing social media regulations remains an issue, especially when most social media platforms are foreign in origin. This paper evaluates the interlinkage of social media and national security in the context of Pakistan while exploring how agents of insecurity and instability exploit social media and what response mechanism the state has placed to mitigate these threats. The paper is a qualitative inquiry using primary and secondary sources to answer these questions. The research findings suggest marginal securitization of social media, albeit without significant implementation.   Bibliography Entry Al Abd, Saad. 2022. "Social Media as a Threat to National Security: A Case Study of Twitter in Pakistan." Margalla Papers 26 (2): 96-107

Interference coordination for LTE-advanced and FM broadcasting interoperability

The surest way to guarantee that multiple wireless systems can concurrently exist harmlessly, when operating in the same or adjacent channel, is by analyzing spectrum overlapping. This paper proposes a more accurate model to evaluate the interference power from co-channel and adjacent channel of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based long term evolution-advanced (LTE-Advanced) towards broadcasting frequency modulation systems at 800 MHz. Power spectral density overlapping factor is employed, and closed form of the interference power loss is derived. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method evaluates more exact interference power than the advanced minimum coupling loss (A-MCL) method, where the co-channel and adjacent channel interference powers are reduced by 1.3 and 3 dB, correspondingly, compared to that obtained using the AMCL method. This decreases the minimum separation distance between the two systems, which can eventually lead to efficient radio spectrum resources utilization

The effect of P and K availability in soil on nutrient concentrations, uptake, and distribution in corn plants throughout the growing season

Field experiments were conducted in 1981 and 1982 to study the effects of low, moderate and high levels of P and K availability in the soil on growth and nutrient uptake by corn plants. In both seasons, 157 kg of N ha(\u27-1) was applied to all experimental plots prior to planting. Corn grain yields were 4940 and 8600 kg ha(\u27-1) in 1981 and 3920 and 6260 kg ha(\u27-1) in 1982 at the low and high fertility levels, respectively. The corn plants were sampled throughout the growing season, separated into different plant parts, and chemically analyzed;The concentrations of P and K in the plants increased and the concentrations of Zn and Mg (except in the stalks and grain) decreased as the levels of P and K availability in the soil increased. The concentrations of other elements--N, S, Ca, Cu, Mn, Fe, Na, and Al--in the plants did not vary consistently among fertility levels except for slight decreases of N and S in the grain and a slight increase of Ca in the stalks as the PK fertility level increased;Changes in nutrient concentrations during the season varied for different elements, for different plant parts and positions on the plants, and at different levels of P and K availability in the soil;Nutrient contents in the plants increased as fertility level increased. After silking, most of the nutrient accumulation was in upper ear shoots;Soil fertility differences did not markedly influence the amounts of nutrients in the grain at early stages of grain development, but later as the grain developed, the amounts of nutrients in the seeds increased as the fertility level increased

Glycoalkaloids as medicinal agents from callus and regenerated plants of Solanum nigrum var. judaicum

The target of this study is production of glycoalkaloids from cultures of Solanum nigrum var. judaicum Besser. Further, to evaluate their therapeutic effects. S. nigrum var. judaicum leaves were implanted in MS media containing growth regulators for in vitro study. HPLC analyses were applied for qualitative and quantitative determination of glycoalkaloids. Cytotoxic effects against human carcinoma cell lines were evaluated. In addition, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic activities of the formed glycoalkaloids were estimated.  HPLC data indicated the success of in vitro solasodine and solanidine glycosides production. Solasonine represented the highest concentration. Biological assays illustrated that obtained glycoalkaloids exhibited cytotoxic activity against human carcinoma cell lines that may be attributed to free radical scavenging activity (69.98%). Strong antiherps performance was observed (94%). In addition, the glycoalkaloids showed in vitro schistomicidal (IC50 76.4 ppm) and fasciolicidal (IC50 76.6 ppm) activities. In vivo anti-inflammatory assay revealed potent activity against carrageenan induced edema. Glycoalkaloids were formed 2-5 folds that of intact plant pointed to the efficiency of the cultures. The present findings referred to the pronounced biological performance of the produced glycoalkaloids including antiviral, cytotoxic anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic activities. Botanical derived medication from S. nigrum var. judaicum could be accomplished guided with the present data.  The target of this study is production of glycoalkaloids from cultures of Solanum nigrum var. judaicum Besser. Further, to evaluate their therapeutic effects. S. nigrum var. judaicum leaves were implanted in MS media containing growth regulators for in vitro study. HPLC analyses were applied for qualitative and quantitative determination of glycoalkaloids. Cytotoxic effects against human carcinoma cell lines were evaluated. In addition, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic activities of the formed glycoalkaloids were estimated.  HPLC data indicated the success of in vitro solasodine and solanidine glycosides production. Solasonine represented the highest concentration. Biological assays illustrated that obtained glycoalkaloids exhibited cytotoxic activity against human carcinoma cell lines that may be attributed to free radical scavenging activity (69.98%). Strong antiherps performance was observed (94%). In addition, the glycoalkaloids showed in vitro schistomicidal (IC50 76.4 ppm) and fasciolicidal (IC50 76.6 ppm) activities. In vivo anti-inflammatory assay revealed potent activity against carrageenan induced edema. Glycoalkaloids were formed 2-5 folds that of intact plant pointed to the efficiency of the cultures. The present findings referred to the pronounced biological performance of the produced glycoalkaloids including antiviral, cytotoxic anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic activities. Botanical derived medication from S. nigrum var. judaicum could be accomplished guided with the present data. &nbsp