Anti-inflammatory activity of some medicinal plants extracts commonly used in traditional medicine in healthy and diabetic rats.

Inflammation is a protective immune system reaction that guards the individual against infection. It is a big global issue. many anti-inflammation drugs have side effects. As a result, a different therapy module may be required. Due to their great efficacy and lack of side effects. This study examined the anti-inflammation activity of Rhus coriaria, Globularai arabica, and Malva slyvesitris in diabetic rats with paw edema caused by carrageenan. Rats were separated into two groups: non diabetic and diabetic rats. Each group have five sub groups seven rats/ group. Group 1, treated with saline for non diabetic and diabetic rats. Groups 2, treated with aspirin as a positive control for non diabetic and diabetic rats. Groups 3, 4 and 5, were treated orally with pants extract with concentration 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for non diabetic and diabetic rats. Il-6 levels were measured in all treated groups after 7 hr of treatment. The results showed that methanolic extracts of R. coriaria and G. arabica at 200 mg/kg significantly (P< 0.01) decreases paw edema in diabetic rats compared with non-diabetic rats (P< 0.01). This resuts may imply that R. coriaria and G. arabica have potent anti-inflammatory properties in response to paw edema. The level of Il-6 was decreased in groups treated with 200 mg/kg R. coriraia and G. arabica indicating high efficacy on anti-inflammatory activity. in addition, M. slyversries has low activity. conclusion, extracts of R. coriaria and G. arabica exhibit anti-inflammatory effect in diabetic rats with paw edema

What the radiologist needs to know about the diabetic patient

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognised as a major health problem. Ninety-nine percent of diabetics suffer from type 2 DM and 10% from type 1 and other types of DM. The number of diabetic patients worldwide is expected to reach 380 millions over the next 15 years. The duration of diabetes is an important factor in the pathogenesis of complications, but other factors frequently coexisting with type 2 DM, such as hypertension, obesity and dyslipidaemia, also contribute to the development of diabetic angiopathy. Microvascular complications include retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Macroangiopathy mainly affects coronary arteries, carotid arteries and arteries of the lower extremities. Eighty percent of deaths in the diabetic population result from cardiovascular incidents. DM is considered an equivalent of coronary heart disease (CHD). Stroke and peripheral artery disease (PAD) are other main manifestations of diabetic macroangiopathy. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) represents another chronic complication that occurs independently of CHD and hypertension. The greater susceptibility of diabetic patients to infections completes the spectrum of the main consequences of DM. The serious complications of DM make it essential for physicians to be aware of the screening guidelines, allowing for earlier patient diagnosis and treatment

Modeling of power numerical relay digitizer harmonic testing in wavelet transform

In today’s modern power devices and rapid growth power demands, the need for precise and accurate protection relays is a must for the power distribution system. That is, to segregate faulty sectors within fewer cycles, power relays should perform at the highest level of accuracy to detect abnormal conditions in power distribution. Therefore, this work will investigate the enhancement of the numerical relay testing in terms of harmonic distortions effect on the digitized output waveform as direct causes of relay failures. However, as it is an expensive process of testing the digitizing element of the numerical relay, this paper proposes a new algorithm of wavelet transforms in power quality signal processing testing using MATLAB simulation. As this newly proposed method of advanced waveform analysis algorithm will enhance the testing process of digitizing elements, and reduce data compiling complexity, a comparison between conventional fourier transforms testing and wavelet algorithm under abnormal conditions will be simulated based on inserting multi harmonics effect. As a result, based on the wavelet bank of filters, denoising, and decomposition structure filters, wavelet has provided promising results in defining the effect of waveform distortion tripping time, fault location, total harmonic distortion, signal-to-noise ratio, and spurious-free dynamic range

Synergistic Effects of AgNPs and Biochar: A Potential Combination for Combating Lung Cancer and Pathogenic Bacteria

The synthesis of reliable biological nanomaterials is a crucial area of study in nanotechnology. In this study, Emericella dentata was employed for the biosynthesis of AgNPs, which were then combined with synthesized biochar, a porous structure created through biomass pyrolysis. The synergistic effects of AgNPs and biochar were evaluated through the assessment of pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-apoptotic gene expression, and antibacterial activity. Solid biosynthesized AgNPs were evaluated by XRD and SEM, with SEM images revealing that most of the AgNPs ranged from 10 to 80 nm, with over 70% being less than 40 nm. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of stabilizing and reducing functional groups in the AgNPs. The nanoemulsion’s zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameter, and particle distribution index were found to be −19.6 mV, 37.62 nm, and 0.231, respectively. Biochar, on the other hand, did not have any antibacterial effects on the tested bacterial species. However, when combined with AgNPs, its antibacterial efficacy against all bacterial species was significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the combined material significantly reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to individual treatments. This study suggests that low-dose AgNPs coupled with biochar could be a more effective method to combat lung cancer epithelial cells and pathogenic bacteria compared to either substance alone

Unconventional CO₂‑Binding and Catalytic Activity of Urea-Derived Histidines

The development of an ideal sorbent/catalyst for CO2 capturing and fixation into cyclic carbonates under mild conditions is still ongoing. We report on furnishing l-histidine ester dihydrochloride (His-OMe) into a functionalized urea, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-7-(methoxycarbonyl)-5-oxoimidazo­[1,5-c]­pyrimidine (His-Urea, 2). The latter is prepared via a microwave and a modified sonochemical approach using propylene carbonate and N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole, which is further functionalized by different mono- or disubstituted alkyl halides with acceptable yields. Upon activation of 2 or its hydroxylated version 4b with NaH, the CO2 capturing in dimethyl sulfoxide is proven to be a dicarboxylated species (carbamide and alkyl carboxylates, 2·2CO2Na) or alkyl carbonate adduct in the case of 4b, as verified by 1H/13C NMR and ATR-FTIR spectroscopies. A first-time preparation of the dimeric ([DiHis-Urea-Pr]­Br, 6) is reported among the prepared bio-based materials. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm the most active reaction site and verify the CO2-sequestrated adducts. Furthermore, the synthesized substrates (2, 4a–b, and 6) are tested for the cycloaddition reaction of epichlorohydrin with CO2 under mild reaction conditions, with good-to-excellent catalytic activity up to quantitative conversions under arbitrary conditions (3.0 mol% catalyst loading, 90 °C, 8 h, 1 atm CO2). The suggested reaction mechanism is verified via DFT calculations, in which the ring closure is the rate-determining step