Possible association between lipid profile and uterine fibroid size

Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common benign tumor in reproductive age group, arising from single smooth muscle cell of the uterus. Steroid hormones, estrogen, and progesterone are considered to be the most important links in the pathophysiology of uterine fibroid; meanwhile estrogens influence several aspects of lipid metabolism; so it's possible to theorize a relationship between uterine fibroid size and dyslipidemia. Aim of the study was to evaluate possible association of lipid profile with uterine fibroid size. Methods: This was a cross sectional study performed in Babylon Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Pediatrics during the period from 1st of March 2020- 1st of December 2020. This study included one hundred women diagnosed with uterine fibroid using abdominal and/or transvaginal ultrasound, fifty patients with large uterine fibroids ≥5cm3, and fifty patients with small uterine fibroid<5cm3. Serum lipid profile was measured in both groups in fasting state for comparison. Results: The most common complaint was abnormal uterine bleeding in both groups. body mass index were 20-29.9; and significant difference between group1 that showed a lower levels of high-density lipoprotein 40.82±9.4, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein 94.79±35.07 and total serum cholesterol 155.7±43.63 and group 2 that showed higher level of high density lipoprotein 50.7±6.55, lower level of low density lipoprotein 51.49±15.2 and total cholesterol 123.2±14.18 with p value <0.001.while non-significant difference between the two groups in term of  very low density lipoprotein with p value  0.878  and triglyceride with p value 0.879. Conclusions: Dyslipidemia in the form of low high density lipoprotein, high low density lipoprotein and high cholesterol was significantly associated with increased size of uterine fibroid

The susceptibility test of vaginal yeasts and their relationship with the age in Iraqi women

This study aims to isolate the pathogenic yeasts from genital tract and investigate their relationship with the age .The results clarified that the most pathogenic yeast isolated from genital tract was Candida albicans , also the results of C.albicanas isolates susceptibility test, to different antifungal revealed that they were sensitive to Miconazole, Ketoconazole and Clotrimazol and were resistant to Nystatin and Grisofulvin. The study of relationship of vaginal infection with the age showed that the incidence of infection with Candida was high among females age group (19-39 years)

Toxicopathological, Cytogenetic Effects of Acetothioamide on Female Albino Mice Reproductive System

AIM: To determine toxicopathological and cytogenetic effects of Acetothioamide (ATA) on the female reproductive system. METHODS: Twenty albino female mice were divided equally into two groups: the first group (control) fed with diet pellet. The second group (treated) were inoculated intraperitoneally with a single dose of ATA (100 mg/kg Bw) for 15 days. All mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and blood was collected for evaluation of (FSH and LH), serum peroxy nitrate radical concentration. Cytogenetic analysis (chromosomal aberration, micronuclei, mitotic index and blast index) and the histopathological examination on ovary and uterus were done. RESULTS: ATA causes significant reduction (p < 0.0001) for FSH, LH and serum peroxy nitrate radical concentration among treated females. Oophoritis, pyometria, thrombosis and endometrial hyperplasia with granulomatous reaction were reported among treated females mainly in uterus tissue and ovary. CONCLUSION: ATA causes significant reduction for FSH, LH and serum peroxy nitrate concentration among treated females. Oophoritis, pyometria, thrombosis and endometrial hyperplasia with granulomatous reaction were the main pathological changes in uterus tissue and ovary among treated females

Preparation and Diagnosis of Pyrimidines Derivatives by Conventional And Microwave Ways.

This work includes synthesis and characterization of new derivatives of pyrimidine (R. or Ar. -1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl) ethan-1-one), via the reaction of acetyl acetone with different aldehydes and guanidine hydrochloride. Using absolute ethanol as a solvent .This mixture was refluxed for (6– 20) hrs.at pH 6 we prepared .The same derivatives of pyrimidine were prepared in microwave way. This compounds were prepared characterized by melting point, FT-IR , UV-Vis and some of the with 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy

Aggressive Fibromatosis of the Left Mesocolon Mimicking a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Case Report

Mesenteric fibromatosis (MF) is a proliferative fibroblastic lesion of the intestinal mesentery. It constitutes 8% of all desmoid tumors, representing 0.03% of all neoplasms. It is benign histologically, although it could infiltrate locally and recur following excision; however, it is free from the potential to metastasize. It is spontaneous or associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP]) mutation as a part of Gardner’s syndrome. This case report discusses the radiological, intraoperative, and histopathological findings from a 45-year-old male patient who presented with abdominal pain and a palpable mass in the left hemiabdomen. The pain was dull and aching, extending to the back and unrelated to any other gastrointestinal symptoms. There was no history of severe weight reduction. Furthermore, he is not a smoker. There were no comorbidities, severe medical diseases, or prior surgical procedures. Computerized tomography revealed a well-defined, lobulated, heterogeneously enhancing altered signal intensity mass at the mesocolon. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed an intra-abdominal mass. Macroscopic mass characteristics include a well-defined mass measuring 22 × 14 × 11 cm connected to a small intestine segment measuring 21 × 2 × 2 cm. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the resected tumor, including positive nuclear immunostaining for beta-catenin, confirmed a postoperative diagnosis of desmoid-type fibromatosis. Based on its clinical presentation and computed tomography results, this case demonstrated how desmoid-type fibromatosis of the colon might mimic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Due to the varied therapies and follow-up methods used for these lesions, the differential diagnosis between desmoid-type fibromatosis and GIST is clinically significant

BEARING CAPACITY OF SHALLOW FOOTING ON SOFT CLAY IMPROVED BY COMPACTED FLY ASH

Low bearing capacity of weak soil under shallow footings represents one of construction problems. Kaolin with water content converges to liquid limit used to represent the weak soil under shallow footing prototype. On the other hand, fly ash, which can be defined as undesirable industrial waste material, was used to improve the bearing capacity of the soft soil considered in this research. The soft soil was prepared in steel box (36×36×25) cm and shallow square footing prototype (6×6) cm were used .Group of physical and chemical tests were conducted on kaolin and fly ash. The soft soil was improved by a bed of compacted fly ash placed under the footing with dimensions equal to that of footing but with different depth ratios. The results show that there is a noticeable improvement in the behavior of footing when improved by compacted fly ash. The improvement showed a decrease in settlement and increase in bearing capacity. The improvement ratio in bearing capacity was calculated by comparing the ultimate bearing capacity value when testing the kaolin alone with its value of kaolin improved with compacted fly ash at the same value of eccentricity. It is important to note that eccentricity values were chosen according to the rule of middle third of footing base(i.e.,e≤B/6). The improvement ratio was about (130%) in average value, that represent a good ratio of improvemen

Bacterial Infections in Thalassemia Patients at Thi-Qar Province/ South Iraq

The results showed that among the 20 stool samples, (11) 55% sample did not show any growth, and (9) 45% sample showed growth, the statistical analysis show no significant difference at the level of probability (0.05),  the infections distributed as flowing :  Staphylococcus genus in 2 sample (22.22%), Protues genus  in 2 sample (22.22%),  Escherichia.coli in 2 samples (22.22%), Pseudomonas in 2 sample (22.22%). and Enterobacter in one sample (11.11%).The present study was carried out from October  2013 to March 2014  to detect the bacterial causative agent causing septicemia in thalasemia patients at Thi-Qar province, represent patients referred to the center of thalassemia / AL-Haboby hospital in Thi-Qar province. The present study was showed that out of 40 blood sample, (25) 62.5% did not show any growth, (15) 37.5% showed growth, and the highest infection was recorded with the Streptococcus genus in 9 (60%) sample, and the lowest infection rate was recorded  in the Escherichia.coli  in one sample (6.6%) with significant difference. The results of urine samples showed that  among the 40 sample , (22) 55% sample did not show any growth, and (18) 45% sample showed growth, which reported highest infection  in Staphylococcus genus  in 7 (38.88%) samples, followed by Protues genus in 6(33.33%) samples, E.coli in 4 (22.22%) samples, and then Pseudomonas in one sample by (5.55 %) with no significant difference.

Changing epidemiology and age-specific incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in England: an analysis of the national cancer registration data by age, gender and anatomical site, 1981 2018

Background: The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma, which is mostly attributable (86%) to UV radiation exposure, has been steadily increasing over the past four decades in predominantly fair-skinned populations. Although public health campaigns are increasing sun-protective behaviour in England, their effect on melanoma incidence is largely unknown. We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study to examine whether there have been changes in the epidemiology of melanoma in England during the past four decades. Methods: Individual level data for patients diagnosed with melanoma in England during 1981-2018 were obtained from the Office for National Statistics/Public Health England. Average annual incidence rates were calculated by three age categories (0-34, 35-64, 65+ years), gender and anatomical site during the seven five-year time periods (1981-85 to 2011-15) and the recent three-year period (2016-18). The percentage change in incidence was calculated as change in the average incidence rate from the first (1981-85) to the last time period (2016-18). The Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) was estimated using the slope of the linear trend line fitted to the incidence rates by year of diagnosis. Findings: During the 38-year period (1981-2018), a total of 265,302 cases of melanoma (45.7% males, 54.3% females) were registered in England. The average annual number of cases increased from 837/year in 1981-85 to 6,963/year in 2016-18 in males (+732%), and from 1,609/year in 1981-85 to 6,952/year in 2016-18 in females (+332%). In the young age-group (0-34 years), the average annual incidence rates initially increased from 1981-85 to 2001-05 and then stabilised during the recent period (2006-18). In the middle age group (35-64 years), the rates increased by +332% (AAPC, 10.4%) in males (from 5.6/100,000 in 1981-85 to 24.2/100,000 in 2016-18) and +185% (AAPC, 5.7%) in females (from 10.2/100,000 in 1981-85 to 29.1/100,000 in 2016-18); and in the old age-group (65+ years) the rates increased by +842% (AAPC, 25.7%) in males (from 9.6/100,000 in 1981-85 to 90.4/100,000 in 2016-18) and +381% (AAPC 11.2%) in females (from 12.5/100,000 in 1981-85 to 60.1/100,000 in 2016-18). The largest increase in incidence in both males and females was observed for melanoma of the trunk (+817%, AAPC, 24.8% in males and +613%, AAPC, 18.3% in females), followed by melanoma of upper limb (+750%, AAPC, 22.9% in males and 518%, AAPC, 15.5% in females). Interpretation: It appears that the incidence of melanoma among young people in England has stabilised (or levelled off) in recent decades, whereas it continues to increase substantially in older population. These findings suggest that public health campaigns targeted at children/adolescents/parents may be favourably influencing melanoma incidence. The steeper increase in incidence in males is consistent with their relatively greater sun exposure and poor sun-protective behaviour. All the available evidence suggests that the enormous increase in the melanoma of the trunk and upper limb, since the 1980s, is most likely due to increasing trend in intermittent high intensity recreational UV radiation exposure (e.g. sunbathing, holidaying in places with strong sunlight, indoor tanning)

Factor structure of Urdu version of the flourishing scale

Background: A great deal of research has been carried out on the assessment of the eudaimonic perspective of psychological well-being and the hedonic perspective of subjective well-being. The Flourishing Scale (FS) has been extensively used in research and practice, as it assesses the fundamental aspects of social psychological functioning. Nevertheless, the psychometric properties of Urdu versions of eudaimonic measures, such as the FS, have not yet been ascertained. The translation and validation of the FS in the Urdu language was not available, and hence this study was planned with the aim to validate the Urdu version of the FS. Methods: We assessed the psychometric properties of the FS in a sample of adults aged 18 years and above in Pakistan (N = 130) using exploratory factor analysis based on principal component analysis with varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The exploratory factor analysis confirmed the unidimensional nature of the 8-item FS. We assessed that the Urdu version of the FS showed a high internal consistency reliability (α = 0.914) with a significant intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), p < 0.001). In our study, the Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin value was 0.915 with a chi-square test value (χ2) of 637.687, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (df = 28, p < 0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) at test–retest for all domains were statistically significant (p < 0.001) and showed excellent agreement for all the items. The revised confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good-fit model, but with item 8—“People respect me”—removed due to its lower factor loading. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the FS is a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing social psychological functioning among adults in Pakistan. Therefore, the validated Urdu version of the FS may be used in future studies of well-being in clinical psychology and positive psychology

Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are higher but decline faster in mRNA vaccinees compared to individuals with natural infection.

Waning protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants by pre-existing antibodies elicited due to current vaccination or natural infection is a global concern. Whether this is due to the waning of immunity to SARS-COV-2 remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the dynamics of antibody isotype responses among vaccinated naïve (VN) and naturally infected (NI) individuals. We followed up antibody levels in COVID-19 mRNA-vaccinated subjects without prior infection (VN, n = 100) in two phases: phase-I (P-I) at ~ 1.4 and phase-II (P-II) at ~ 5.3 months. Antibody levels were compared to those of unvaccinated and naturally infected subjects (NI, n = 40) at ~ 1.7 (P-1) and 5.2 (P-II) months post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies (NTAb), anti-S-RBD-IgG, -IgM, and anti-S-IgA isotypes were measured. The VN group elicited significantly greater antibody responses (p < 0.001) than the NI group at P-I, except for IgM. In the VN group, a significant waning in antibody response was observed in all isotypes. There was about ~ a 4-fold decline in NTAb levels (p < 0.001), anti-S-RBD-IgG (~5-folds, p < 0.001), anti-S-RBD-IgM (~6-folds, p < 0.001), and anti-S1-IgA (2-folds, p < 0.001). In the NI group, a significant but less steady decline was notable in S-RBD-IgM (~2-folds, p < 0.001), and a much smaller but significant difference in NTAb (<2-folds, p < 0.001) anti-S-RBD IgG (<2-folds, p = 0.005). Unlike the VN group, the NI group mounted a lasting anti-S1-IgA response with no significant decline. Anti-S1-IgA, which were ~ 3 folds higher in VN subjects compared to NI in P-1 (p < 0.001), dropped to almost the same levels, with no significant difference observed between the two groups in P-II. While double-dose mRNA vaccination boosted antibody levels, vaccinated individuals' 'boost' was relatively short-lived.This work was made possible by WHO grant numbers COVID-19-22-43 and UREP28–173–3-057 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors