Influencing Export Barriers for Internationalization and Relationship Between Export Barriers and Information Systems Strategic Orientation on SMEs’ in Bangladesh: A Study on Ready- Made Garment (RMG)

Almost in all countries, the important source of economic growth is small and medium enterprise constitutes. In the international business environment, SMEs’ face a number of barriers in the process of internationalization. This research study attempts to identify the most influencing internationalization export barriers and the relationship between information systems strategic orientation on perception of export barriers in SMEs. The mail survey and face to face conversation with structured questionnaire was conducted among the SME exporters of Dhaka city in Bangladesh on Ready Made garments industry.  The collected data from the valid 107 respondents were then analyzed using factor analysis and   Pearson Product-moment Correlation. The result obtained revealed a significant negative relationship between information systems strategic orientation on perception of export barriers in SMEs’. The empirical evidence from this study shows five are the identifying factors which are significantly influence the Internationalization of Export Barriers in Bangladesh on RMG. Keywords: SME, Internationalization of SME, Internationalization export barriers, information systems strategic orientation

Regional flood estimation method for the Mt. Lofty Ranges

Thesis (M.Eng.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1993

A politics of métissage: Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts

In her Autobiographical Voices: Race, Gender, Self-Portraiture (1989), Françoise Lionnet identifies the life writing of women of color as the reflection of their heterogeneous differences and theorizes female autobiographical narratives as métissage. Métissage, nearly untranslatable, meaning “braiding,” views autobiography as an engagement of the author with history, myth, and cultures, and defines it as a braid of multiple voices and disparate forms. In The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts (1976), Maxine Hong Kingston combines numerous voices into the (auto)biographical “I” as well as various forms in the narrative to express her identity as comprising manifold, different elements. In her life writing, she neither follows the unique self-representation propagated by male writers nor validates the inner personal tradition of women. Instead, breaking the fixities of thought and expression, she juxtaposes the historical with the mythical, the biographical with the autobiographical to form a language of resistance and solidarity. The present paper argues that by articulating her identity as a braid of differences, constructing self as a braid of multiple voices, and making her narrative a braid of multiple genres and traditions Kingston enacts her life writing as a politics of mé[email protected] Akter Popy - is an Associate Professor in the Department of English, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh. Her research articles have appeared in reputed peer reviewed journals like Crossings, Harvest, Commonwealth Review, Dialogue and Overtones. Her area of interest is autobiography studies. She is currently involved in a research project on selected South Asian Women’s autobiography.Noakhali Science and Technology University, BangladeshBlinde, P. L. 1979. The icicle in the desert: Perspective and form in the works of two Chinese-American women writers. The Ethnic Perspective 6:3: 51-71.Bolaki, S. 2009. It translated well: The promise and the perils of translation in Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior. MELUS 34:4: 39-60.Cheung, K. 1988. ‘Don’t tell’: Imposed silences in The Color Purple and The Woman Warrior. PMLA 103:2: 162-174.Fong, B. 1989. Maxine Hong Kingston’s autobiographical strategy in The Woman Warrior. Biography 12:2: 116-126.Friedman, S. S. 1998. Women’s autobiographical selves. In: S. Smith & J. Watson (eds.), Women, Autobiography Theory: A Reader, 72-82. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press.Hasebe-Ludt, E. et al. 2009. Life Writing and Literary Métissage as an Ethos for Our Times. Switzerland: Peter Lang Publishing.Hermans, H. J. M. 2003. The construction and reconstruction of a dialogical self. Journal of Constructivist Psychology 16:2: 89–130.Hsu, H. 2020. Maxine Hong Kingston’s genre-defying life and work. The New Yorker, June 8 & 15. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/06/08/maxine-hong-kingstons-genre-defying-life-and-work (accessed 1 June 2020).Hua, A. 2013. Chinese diasporic women’s writing, gender and identities: Rereading Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior for mnemonic traces. Asian Women 29:3: 71-96.Huntley, E. D. 2001. Maxine Hong Kingston: A Critical Companion. United States: Greenwood Press.Kingston, M. H. 1981. The Woman Warrior. London: Picador.Kingston, M. H. 1989. China Men. New York: Vintage International Edition.Li, L. D. 1988. The naming of a Chinese American ‘I’: Cross-cultural sign/ifications in The Woman Warrior. Criticism 30:4: 497–515.Lionnet, F. 1989. Autobiographical Voices: Race, Gender, Self-Portraiture. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Ludwig, S. & Alexoae-Zagni, N. (eds). 2014. On the Legacy of Maxine Hong Kingston: The Mulhouse Book. Berlin/Münster: LIT Verlag.Neuman, S. 1992. From different poetics to a poetics of differences. In: M. Kadar (ed). Essays on Life Writing: From Genre to Critical Practice, 213-230. University of Toronto Press.Patel. N. 2019. Challenging the canon: How Maxine Hong Kingston narrates nonfiction with ghosts and talk-story. Paper Shell Review. https://english.umd.edu/research_innovation/journals/paper-shell-review/paper-shell-review-spring-2019/challenging-canon (accessed 1 June 2021).Shu, Y. 2001. Cultural politics and Chinese-American female subjectivity: Rethinking Kingston’s Woman Warrior. MELUS 26: 2: 199-223.Smith, S. 1987. A Poetics of Women’s Autobiography: Marginality and the Fictions of Self-representation. Indiana: Indiana University Press.Smith, S. & Julia W. 2001. Reading Autobiography: A Guide for Interpreting Life Narratives. Minneapolis: University Minnesota Press.Thompson, P. H. 1983. This is the story I heard: A conversation with Maxine Hong Kingston and Earll Kingston. Biography 6:1: 1-12.Watson, J. 1993. Toward an anti-metaphysics of autobiography. In: R. Folkenflik (ed.), The Culture of Autobiography: Constructions of Self-representation, 57-124. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Zuss, M. 1999. Subject Present: Life-Writings and Strategies of Representation. New York: Peter Lang Publishing Inc.35 (4/2021)172

Effect of integrated nitrogen application on the yield of two Boro rice varieties: BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan74

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of integrated nitrogen (N) application on the yield of Boro rice. The experiment was composed of two rice varieties: BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan74, and eleven N management approaches: control (without N), 100% varietal recommended dose (RD) of N from urea, 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from poultry manure (PM), 50% of RD from urea + 50% of RD from PM, 25% of RD from urea + 75% of RD from PM, 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from vermicompost (VC), 50% of RD from urea + 50% of RD from VC, 25% of RD from urea + 75% of RD from VC, 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from cowdung (CD), 50% of RD from urea + 50% of RD from CD and 25% of RD from urea + 75% of RD from CD. Performance of BRRI dhan74 was better compared to BRRI dhan29 in terms of yield. For both verities, application of 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from PM produced the highest grain yield (BRRI dhan74: 3.30 t ha-1 and BRRI dhan29: 3.08 t ha-1) and the lowest with control among the N management approaches. Thus, it can be suggested that integrated N application with 75% of varietal RD from urea and 25% from PM in Boro rice cultivation will produce appreciable grain yield and also expected to have positive effect on soil health

Pregnancy with Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix- A Case Report

Carcinoma of the cervix is a preventable female malignancy. Recently, a 30 years old 5th gravid lady was referred to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from Jahurul Islam Medical College & Hospital, Bajitpur, Kishorganj after diagnosing as a case of 32 weeks pregnancy coupled with invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Histopathology of cervical tissue showed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Her cervical growth was confined in the anterior lip of the cervix and clinical stage was 1B. She was severely anemic. Her anemia had been corrected by blood transfusion. Injection dexamethasone was given for fetal lung maturity. Renal function tests and all other investigations for surgical fitness were done. At her 34th weeks of pregnancy caesarean section followed by Wertheim's hysterectomy was performed. Baby was alive, birth weight was 2.3 kg, Apgar score was good. Postoperative period was un-event full. At her 23rd postoperative day she was discharged from Obs and Gynae department and referred to Oncology institute for further management. At the time of discharge her baby was healthy. Key Words: Cervical cancer, pregnancy, Wertheim's hysterectomy.DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v2i1.3712 BSMMU J 2009; 2(1): 47-4

HEAVY METAL TOXICITY IN FISHES OF POLLUTED LAKES OF DHAKA CITYAND ITS IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

The City of Dhaka is not built up plan wise from the beginning yet till date. The land uses are not following the urbanization rules correctly. Due to the laggings of proper water and air flow and basic treatment of household and industrial utilizing water, some of the major health issues are concerned. This research works is on the focus of heavy metal contamination in fishes of two major lakes in Dhaka city called Dhanmondi Lake and Gulshan Lake. The research is focusing mainly the study on Cr, Cd and Pb concentration in fishes along with other elements. Concentration of Cr is found in ranges of 3.45 μg/gm – 10.25 μg/gm, Cd is 2.17 μg/gm – 9.78 μg/gm and Pb is 1.132 – 7.102 μg/gm. The major element K and Ca with other trace elements are also projected. The data acquisition setup is calibrated using 2.2 MeV proton beam in the current ranges of 5nA to 15nA. The Van-de Graff Accelerator of Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka has been used for sample irradiation. The IBA technique Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) has been applied using Si(Li) detector (SL30165) and other ORTEC nuclear electronics. The calibration and standardization of PIXE setup has been done using X-ray source, and IAEA standard CuSx (thin), Soil-7 (thick)

Presentation of invasive cervical cancer in Bangladesh

Background: Cervical cancer is a disease of significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. More than 85% of the disease occurs in developing countries. Bangladesh, like other developing countries faces a burden of the disease. ObJec­tive: To find out the different way of presentation of invasive cervical cancer patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Gynaecologic Oncology wing of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Bang­abandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during 1st January 2007 to 30th April 2008. One hundred and four patients with invasive cervical cancer admitted in hospital were enrolled in the study by purposive sampling. All the infor­mation were collected in a pre-designed structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical program SPSS version: 17.0. Frequency distributions were used to present the characteristics of the patients. Chi-square test was calcu­lated and the significant level was set at P<0.05. Results: Maximum patients (60.6%) were in stage II. Majority of the patients (61.5%) presented with abnormal bleeding. Exophytic growth was found in the majority of the patients (71.2%). Squamous cell carcinoma was more (92.3%) in the majority of patients and adenocarcinoma was more in younger age group. Conclusion: The status of the patients irJ this study reflects advanced stage of the disease at presentation and the peak incidence was observed in 36-45 years age group

Low dose-extended letrozole versus double dose-short letrozole protocol for ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor has been regarded as the first line drug for ovulation induction in anovulatory PCOS patients because of its monofollicular growth and there is no chance of hyperstimulation by letrozole. Traditional protocol of letrozole includes administration of letrozole for 5 days in first half of follicular phase which induces ovulation in 61.7% cases. Few recent studies have shown that extended letrozole protocol causes more follicles to grow and induces more ovulation than the traditional protocol. The aim was to compare the effects of low dose-extended letrozole protocol and double dose-short letrozole protocol for ovulation induction in infertile PCOS patients.Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in the department of reproductive endocrinology and Infertility at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) on seventy infertile polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Low dose-extended letrozole group or experimental group received tablet letrozole 2.5 mg daily for 10 days and double dose-short letrozole group or control group received tab. Letrozole 5 mg daily for 5 days starting from the 2nd day of menstrual cycle or withdrawal bleeding. The ovarian response was assessed by folliculometry on day 12 of menstrual cycle by transvaginal sonography for measurement of total number of growing follicles, biggest follicle size and endometrial thickness. Mid luteal serum progesterone was measured on day 21-23 to confirm ovulation.Results: The mean number of growing follicle was 1.44±0.95 versus 0.99±0.65 in low dose-extended letrozole group and double dose-short letrozole group respectively generating p value of 0.001. The mean size of the dominant follicle at day 12 was greater in low dose-extended letrozole group than the other displaying 17.69±3.63 mm and 16.6±3.49 mm respectively but the difference was not statistically significant. The number of ovulating patients was greater in low dose-extended letrozole group (76.5% versus 71.9%), but without significant statistical difference. Pregnancy rate was insignificantly greater in low dose-extended letrozole group (23.5% versus 18.8%) as well.Conclusions: Low dose-extended letrozole protocol produces more multifollicular growth and larger size dominant follicle with a trend to raise the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate, though insignificantly

Effects of metformin plus myo-inositol compared to metformin alone as pre-treatment of ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-age women. Insulin resistance (IR) is a common disorder, which may impair female fertility by causing ovulatory dysfunction. Lifestyle modification and insulin sensitizers are commonly used in the management of IR. This study aimed to compare the effects of metformin plus myo-inositol versus metformin alone as pre-treatment in ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance.Methods: This prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted in the department of reproductive endocrinology and infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, from July 2020 to June 2021. A total of 52 insulin-resistant infertile PCOS women were included in this study, who were allocated into two groups by using odd-even numbers and given two different treatments.Results: Mature follicles and mid-luteal serum progesterone levels were significantly higher in metformin plus myo-inositol group (60.9% versus 28.0% and (73.9% versus 44.0%) respectively. The ovulation rate was significantly higher in metformin plus myo-inositol group (73.9% versus 44.0%), and the pregnancy rate was higher in metformin plus myo-inositol group (26.92% versus 11.54%), but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Ovulation rate was significantly higher in metformin plus myo-inositol group than metformin alone group. The pregnancy rate was higher in metformin plus myo-inositol group but no significant difference was found between the two groups

Association of kisspeptin in patients with poly cystic ovarian syndrome

Background: Poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multifactorial disorder, affecting millions of women worldwide. Kisspeptin, a hypothalamic peptide encoded by the KISS1 gene, is widely reported as a key factor in the regulation of luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, which may be potentially involved with the development of PCOS. The aim of the study was to estimate the serum kisspeptin level in PCOS patients and evaluate the association of kisspeptin with other biochemical, and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the department of reproductive endocrinology and infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from August 2020 to July 2021. A total of 90 patients between age 18-30 years were enrolled in this study. Data was collected on variables of interest by using the structured questionnaire designed for interview, observation, clinical examination, and biochemical investigation of the patients and analyzed by using the t-test, non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) and chi-square test as appropriate. Results: We found no significant difference between PCOS & control group, but acanthosis nigricans (AN), waist hip (W:H) ratio were statistically significant in PCOS group. We found serum LH (11.98±6.29 mIU/ml), LH: FSH (1.71±0.92), AMH (10.09±3.8 ng/ml), fasting insulin (26.53±28.34 µU/ml), ovarian volume (16.91±4.57), was significantly higher in PCOS patients. Kisspeptin value in PCOS patients was 85.92±56.59 pg/ml and control group was 63.74±43.16 pg/ml. In the PCOS group, there was a positive correlation between kisspeptin and LH, AMH, and ovarian volume. Conclusions: Serum kisspeptin levels were similar in women with or without PCOS but positively correlated with ovarian volume, serum LH and AMH in PCOS patients