Anterior Tooth Size Discrepancy in Class III Surgical Patients

Objective:The purpose of the present study was to specify whether there are mesiodistal tooth size discrepancies in the anterior region in patients with dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment and to assess the relationship between anterior Bolton ratio and dentoskeletal cephalometric measurements.Methods:The diagnostic dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 113 nongrowing patients (54 females and 59 males; mean age: 19.96 ± 4.42 years) with dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment were included in the study. The mesiodistal widths of the 6 anterior teeth were measured from dental casts using a digital caliper accurate to 0.01 mm and anterior Bolton ratios were calculated. Lateral cephalograms were digitalized and used to measure 4 skeletal and 4 dental parameters.Results:The mean anterior ratio of Class III surgical patients was 80.1% with a standard deviation of 2.8%. Clinically significant anterior tooth size discrepancies (greater than ±2 standard deviation) were found in 40.7% of the sample, 97.8% of those patients having anterior mandibular tooth excess. No significant correlation was found between the anterior Bolton ratio and cephalometric measurements.Conclusion: Clinicians should consider the probability of tooth size discrepancy in the diagnosis and treatment planning of Class III surgical patients and should perform interventions to eliminate these discrepancies during presurgical orthodontic treatment

Effects of topically applied contractubex® on epidural fibrosis and axonal regeneration in injured rat sciatic nerve

AIM: To investigate the effects of Contractubex (R) (Cx) on peripheral nerve regeneration and scar formation. MATERIAL and METHODS: A surgical procedure involving sciatic nerve incision in 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats followed by epineural suturing was performed. In weeks 4 and 12 following surgery, macroscopic, histological, functional, and electromyographic examinations of the sciatic nerve were conducted. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the Cx group and the control group in terms of sciatic function index (SFI) and distal latency results at week 4 (p>0.05). However, significant improvements in the Cx group were observed in SFI amplitudes and nerve action potentials at week 12 (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Significant improvements were found in the amplitudes of nerve action potentials in the treatment group after weeks 4 and 12 (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). Macroscopically and histopathologically, epidural fibrosis decreased (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). For both measurement times, the treatment group had significantly higher numbers of axons (week 4, p<0.05; week 12, p<0.001), and the treatment group had better results regarding its axon area (weeks 4 and 12, p<0.001) and myelin thickness (weeks 4 and 12, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Cx, which is applied topically in peripheral nerve injury, affects axonal regeneration and axonal maturation positively and reduces the functional loss

A Case Report of Delirium and Literature Review of Dementia in COVID-19 Process

Coronavirus directly infects the nervous system and may cause the course of the existingneurological disease to get worse in those with a chronic neurological disease. People withdementia, which is the most common chronic neurological disease over 65 years old, haveserious difficulties in terms of follow-up and treatment of their diseases in the social isolationprocess. However, due to the risk factors caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), ithas become easier for them to go into delirium. These risk factors can be listed as socialisolation, inactivity, intense stress, as well as direct invasion of the virus to the central nervoussystem, the effect of inflammatory cytokines, the effect of sedative drugs used and the effectthat develops secondary to other accompanying diseases. This paper provides an assessmentregarding the problems experienced by dementia patients in the pandemic process, and theirsolutions, accompanied by a case presentation

A Case Report of Delirium and Literature Review of Dementia in COVID-19 Process

Coronavirus directly infects the nervous system and may cause the course of the existingneurological disease to get worse in those with a chronic neurological disease. People withdementia, which is the most common chronic neurological disease over 65 years old, haveserious difficulties in terms of follow-up and treatment of their diseases in the social isolationprocess. However, due to the risk factors caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), ithas become easier for them to go into delirium. These risk factors can be listed as socialisolation, inactivity, intense stress, as well as direct invasion of the virus to the central nervoussystem, the effect of inflammatory cytokines, the effect of sedative drugs used and the effectthat develops secondary to other accompanying diseases. This paper provides an assessmentregarding the problems experienced by dementia patients in the pandemic process, and theirsolutions, accompanied by a case presentation

The association of brain lesion locations and sleep parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study

The relationship between sleep and brain lesions remains unknown in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is currently under investigation. Sleep deprivation and reduction in the quality of sleep occur as a result of the direct involvement of the specific central nervous system structure. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between demyelination locations and sleep parameters such as sleep efficiency and respiratory disorders. The polysomnography measurements and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 28 patients with relapsing–remitting MS were examined. The MRI results were evaluated using standardized maps to depict voxel-wise probability distribution of demyelination lesion load for patients. First, supratentorial and infratentorial lesion loads were evaluated. Subsequently, the procedure was completed by measuring the lobes and brainstem lesions loads in the brain. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of REM (%) and infratentorial and brainstem lesion loads (ρ: − 0.396, − 0.418; p 0.05). Although sleep-related breathing disorders are commonly seen in MS, this study shows that the polysomnography parameter most affected by brain lesion load distribution is REM sleep