Response of Local rice cultivar to Zinc and Boron application

Five levels of Zn-EDTA fertilizer and foliar application of boron were used to study the local rice response through studying of some vegetative and reproductive growth characters, by conducting two field experiments at Kanipanka Agricultural Research Station during the summer season of 2004 by using RCBD with three replications. Significant differences were found in studied characters, there were increase in the number of days from seeding to 50% flowering (94.330-96.233) days, from 50% flowering to physiological maturity (37.50-38.28) days, plant height (82.50-91.423) cm and LAI (5.441-7.525). Reproductive characters such as number of grains panicle-1 (74.11-85.88), number of panicles m-2 (321.00-426.083), biological yield (8166.166-11082.600) kg ha-1 and yield which increased from 3101.333 to 3862.166 kg ha-1 as Zn level increased from fo to f5, but in exp. No 2 although final yield increased from 3100.333 to 3791.500 kg ha-1, but there was increasing in sterility% from 15 for fo to 27 for f5 with boron foliar application. Results of the study indicate to positive response of local rice cultivars to zinc application due to the lack in zinc availability in sulaimani region

Role of Visual Evoked Potentials in Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting young adults and is considered as the leading cause of non traumatic neurological disability of young adults affecting nearly 2 million people worldwide. The pathogenesis of MS is at best incompletely understood. There are several proposed mechanisms that may be important in the production of MS plaques: autoimmunity, environment and heredity. Deviation of immune responses in a genetically susceptible patient plays a central role in its pathogenesis. Electrophysiological, spinal tap and Radiological tools are important laboratory investigations and have added so much to the clinical diagnosis and for the classification of MS. It was found that visual function and conduction has been changed in patients with multiple sclerosis. Objectives: The aims of the study is to estimate and evaluate the visual evoked potential (VEP) parameters in patients with MS and its relation to their disability degree (using the expanded disability status scale score "EDSS") and visual presentation of them in comparison with healthy individuals. Patients and Methods: 112 patients with multiple sclerosis and 50 subjects without any neurological or psychiatric diseases as control group were recruited in this study. The cases were collected from Baghdad teaching hospital, MS center, Baghdad, Iraq at the period from May 2012 to April 2013, and studied at the unit of electrophysiology in Al-Shaheed Ghazi Al-Hareri Hospital in the Medical city. All patients and control groups were tested for VEP. Results: The present study showed a significant increase in the P100 latency and inter-ocular (IO) latency difference and non statistical significant decrease in the IO amplitude difference in patients group than the control group. Also among patients group there was positive linear correlation between the severity of the disease measured by EDSS score and P100 latency while negative linear correlation with the amplitude. Conclusion: There was a higher percent of patients with defective VEP parameters and so their visual pathway even if it was asymptomatic, in addition to their relation with patients` disability than the control group, making it easy to quantify and predict MS disability objectively. Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, Expanded Disability Status Scale, VEP

Synthesis of Some novel Azomethine Oxide Derived from Aromatic Oximes and their Anti-microbial Studies

The organic compound category known as azomethine oxides has garnered significant attention due to its potential for bioactive and pharmacological effects, as well as its role in organic syntheses.  Existing literature offers various methods for producing derivatives of these compounds.  This study, in particular, concentrates on the creation of several aromatic oximes through the reduction of corresponding aldehydes. Furthermore, these oximes are employed in the generation of new azomethine oxides through a condensation reaction with selected aldehydes.  The molecular structure of the synthesized azomethine oxides is determined using techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H-NMR,  and  13C-NMR.  Finally, the antimicrobial effectiveness of these compounds was assessed against Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacteria), and Candida albicans (fungus). The synthesized compounds were obtained with high purity and yielded excellent results. Furthermore, the data demonstrates that these azomethine oxides exhibit significant antimicrobial activity when compared to standard drugs

ANURIA SECONDARY TO HOT WEATHER-INDUCED HYPERURICAEMIA: DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

There is little information on the management of anuria secondary to severe volume depletion or as a rare manifestation of heat stroke in areas of the world with very hot summers. We present our experience with hot weather-induced hyperuricaemia in Kuwait

Maximising system throughput in wireless powered sub-6 GHz and millimetre-wave 5G heterogeneous networks

Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critical situation in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks in achieving high throughput with low transmission power. This paper studies the performance of dense small cells that involve a millimetre wave (mm-Wave) band and sub-6 GHz that operate in high frequency to support massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems (MIMO). In this paper, we analyse the propagation path loss and wireless powered transfer for a 5G wireless cellular system from both macro cells and femtocells in the sub-6 GHz (µWave) and mm-Wave tiers. This paper also analyses the tier heterogeneous in downlink for both mm-Wave and sub-6 GHz. It further proposes a novel distributed power to mitigate the inter-beam interference directors and achieve high throughput under game theory-based power constraints across the sub-6 GHz and mm-Wave interfaces. From the simulation results, the proposed distributed powers in femtocell suppresses inter-beam interference by minimising path loss to active users (UEs) and provides substantial power saving by controlling the distributed power algorithm to achieve high throughput

ANURIA SECONDARY TO HOT WEATHER-INDUCED HYPERURICAEMIA: DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

There is little information on the management of anuria secondary to severe volume depletion or as a rare manifestation of heat stroke in areas of the world with very hot summers. We present our experience with hot weather-induced hyperuricaemia in Kuwait

Effect of temperature, relative humidity and aphid developmental stage on the efficacy of the mycoinsecticide Mycotal® against Myzus persicae

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, is a major pest worldwide. An examination of the impact of temperature, relative humidity and developmental stages of M. persicae on the efficacy of the whitefly mycoinsecticide Mycotal®, based on Lecanicillium muscarium and the effects of infection on aphid fecundity was evaluated under controlled conditions. Although this fungus can be grown at a broad range of temperatures (15-30oC), the optimum temperature for control of M. persicae ranged between 20 and 30oC. L. muscarium had high efficacy as a microbial control against M. persicae between 55 and 90% relative humidity. Total mortality of aphids treated with different spore dosages of L. muscarium varied according to the developmental stage: adults, fourth and third instar nymphs of proved more susceptible than first instar nymphs. Although the fungus did not affect the rate of nymph production, the reproductive period of aphids significantly decreased with increasing the spore dosage. Thus, total fecundity of treated aphids was 22.6 ± 1.1 and 31.6 ± 2.4 offspring per adult at the medium (644 ± viable spore/mm2) and low (330 ± 40 viable spore/mm2) dosages, compared with 45.7 ± 4.3 offspring per untreated aphid. The results suggest that L. muscarium has the potential as a biological control agent of M. persicae. However, fungal infection appears to have no sub-lethal effects on the fitness of the host’s progeny

Transportation of Cuttings in Inclined Wells

One of the most important functions performed by drilling fluid is the removal of cutting from the bottom of the hole to the surface. This function must be performed efficiently if not, the cuttings produced during drilling process will accumulate in the annulus. This problem in directional drilling is featured by gravitational forces. Problems resulting from inefficient cutting transport include pipe stuck, wear of bit, reduction in penetration rate, high torque and drag with many other problems encountered. In high angle deviated wells, the cutting goes through a complex path to the surface where some of the cuttings gravitate to the low side of the well. Reduction in any problem associated with improper cutting transport require good understanding in cutting transport mechanisms. This research focuses on calculating the minimum annular velocity of drilling fluid and minimum pump flow rate which is required to achieve hole- cleaning and lifting of the cutting to the surface, taking into consideration the main parameters that affect the coring capacity of the drilling fluid, for this purpose, data of a deviated well (X) located in Kurdistan region of Iraq is collected to determine slip velocity, annular velocity, critical flow rate and carrying capacity index taking in consideration the mud used and the angle of the deviation using the drilling formula spread sheet V1.6

Digital Applications Using Real-Time Vehicle Exhaust Information

Vehicle emission is a major source of air pollution that causes a significant number of deaths globally. It has a profound impact on energy and the environment as well. The existing vehicle emission monitoring system is unable to help mitigating the pollution properly and therefore, requires precise real-time pollution measurement. The purpose of this paper is to discuss novel applications using the real-time measurement of pollutants from a vehicle tailpipe where exhaust gases enter the environment. Today, it is possible to measure such emission due to the emergence of affordable digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless connectivity, cloud platform, and artificial intelligence. This paper discusses how digital technologies can be used for real-time monitoring of NOx gas as a measure of vehicle emission and predictive analytics applications. A description of data collection and pre-processing methodologies, actual collected data, and an approach to identify patterns between inputs such as vehicle speed and altitude and output such as NOx emission are included. Applying a simple neural network has produced promising results and is a first step towards developing predictive applications