A Study on Radiation Hazard of Granite and Marble Widely Used in Jordan Using Gamma Ray Spectrometer

Granite and marble are widely used in building construction, so possible radioactive nuclides inside them may contribute to the exposure dose to human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the natural radioactivity concentration and assess the radiological risk limits and health care. The samples of marble and granite were pulverized into small, fine, smooth pieces and counted with the GAMMA-X (GMX) spectrometer to measure the radioactivity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K. The radiological dose, internal and external hazards, and radium equivalent activity were calculated with a standard formula. The results showed that the radioactive concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in granite were higher than those in marble. The external hazard for granite samples was below unity, while its internal hazard exceeded unity. The radium equivalent activity did not exceed the critical legal level of 370 Bq/kg as a safe level. For marble, the external and internal hazards and radium equivalent activities showed good agreement with the safe construction level. Its external and internal hazards were less than unity, whereas the radium equivalent activities were less than the critical legal level

Using the Canonical Correlation Analysis Method to Study Students’ Levels in Face-to-Face and Online Education in Jordan

The study aims to identify the existing correlations between the two sets of variables by finding the linear combinations of the two sets of variables with the highest correlation and test the strength of the relationship between the levels of students face-to-face education and online business students at Al-Balqa Applied University by using the canonical correlation test, The study was applied to a sample of students from Al-Balqa Applied University, specifically the faculty of Business, and for the purposes of analysis and extraction of results, (SPSS ver.26), and (Stata graphics ver.11) programs were used. The study reached the following results the first, second, and third Canonical correlations are statistically significant at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05), and the first, second, and third canonical correlation between canonical variables independents and dependents is equal (0.98, 0.965, 0.907) respectively, and the variance explained between independent and dependent canonical variable is equal (93.24%, 4.7%, 2.047%) for first, second, and third Canonical correlations respectively. The study recommends using the canonical correlation to evaluate Jordans experience in online education in schools and universities

Practice of pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies in Jordan

Purpose: To describe the current role played by pharmacists in delivering  pharmaceutical care (PC) in community pharmacies in Jordan (current activities and practices undertaken in the community and extent of provision of PC standards), pharmacists’ perspectives on PC implementation and barriers to implementing PC practices.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 2014 in Amman, the capital of Jordan and Zarqa, the second biggest city in Jordan. The study involved a  validated questionnaire administered at random by trained pharmacy students to 180 community pharmacists. The questionnaire was designed to collect  demographic data, pharmacy practice features displayed by the pharmacists, dispensing activities undertaken, internationally proposed PC practice standards in community pharmacy settings, inter/intra-professional and public heath activities and barriers that may hinder the implementation of PC practice in Jordan.Results: 163 pharmacists agreed to participate in the study (response rate was 90.5 %). Most dispensing activities (98.1%) in the pharmacies were done under the supervision of pharmacists. All pharmacists were willing to implement PC, and nearly all of them (98.8 %) provided basic information about medication use. Nevertheless, only 31.0 % adapted standard procedures for patient’s data collection, 23.1 % formulated a therapeutic plan to be included within the patient’s permanent record in their pharmacy, 24.2 % documented over-the-counter  recommendations, and 29.7 % allocated time to discuss patient’s care plans.  Identified barriers preventing the provision of PC practice included lack of training on the concept (44.9 %) and lack of acceptability from the physicians (43.4 %).Conclusion: Although participating pharmacists showed willingness to implement PC practice, their actual application to the practice was found to be limited. Lack of adequate pharmaceutical training and acceptability by the physicians are the major barriers towards the provision of PC practice in the country.Keywords: Community pharmacists, Pharmaceutical care, Barriers, Jorda

Prevalence of Food Insecurity among Women in Northern Jordan

Food insecurity—not having sufficient quantities of good-quality foods—is inversely related to physical and mental health and directly related to poor dietary intake. The objectives of this research were to (a) measure the prevalence of food insecurity among women in northern Jordan, (b) study the socioeconomic factors associated with an increased risk of food insecurity, and (c) investigate the relationship between household food insecurity and women's reported body-weight. This cross-sectional study was conducted using an interview-based questionnaire. In total, 500 women were interviewed in the waiting rooms of the outpatient clinics of two major public hospitals in northern Jordan. Food insecurity was assessed using the short form of the U.S. food security survey module. The prevalence of food insecurity was 32.4%. Income below the poverty-line, illiteracy, unemployment, rented housing, and woman heading the household were among the socioeconomic factors that increased the probability of food insecurity. No evidence was found to support the relationship between obesity and food insecurity. Except grains, food-insecure women with hunger had lower intake of all food-groups. This study demonstrated that the problem of food insecurity is present in Jordan. Food-insecure women with hunger are at a risk of malnutrition. Interventions that target reduction of the factors associated with food insecurity are necessary

Prevalence of Food Insecurity among Women in Northern Jordan

Food insecurity\u2014not having sufficient quantities of good-quality foods\u2014is inversely related to physical and mental health and directly related to poor dietary intake. The objectives of this research were to (a) measure the prevalence of food insecurity among women in northern Jordan, (b) study the socioeconomic factors associated with an increased risk of food insecurity, and (c) investigate the relationship between household food insecurity and women\u2019s reported body-weight. This cross-sectional study was conducted using an interview-based questionnaire. In total, 500 women were interviewed in the waiting rooms of the outpatient clinics of two major public hospitals in northern Jordan. Food insecurity was assessed using the short form of the U.S. food security survey module. The prevalence of food insecurity was 32.4%. Income below the poverty-line, illiteracy, unemployment, rented housing, and woman heading the household were among the socioeconomic factors that increased the probability of food insecurity. No evidence was found to support the relationship between obesity and food insecurity. Except grains, food-insecure women with hunger had lower intake of all food-groups. This study demonstrated that the problem of food insecurity is present in Jordan. Food-insecure women with hunger are at a risk of malnutrition. Interventions that target reduction of the factors associated with food insecurity are necessary

Involving Nikiforov-Uvarov Method in Schrodinger Equation Obtaining Hartmann Potential

The total wave function and the bound state energy are investigated by involving the Nikiforov-Uvarov method to the Schrodinger equation in spherical coordinates employing Hartmann Potential (HP). The HP is considered as the non-central potential that is mostly recognized in nuclear field potentials. Every wave function is specified by a principal quantum number n, angular momentum number l, and magnetic quantum number m. The radial part of the wave function is obtained in terms of the associated Laguerre polynomial, using the coordinate transformation x=cosθ to obtain the angular wave function that depends on inverse associated Legendre polynomials

Nutritional Habits and Weight Status among Jazan University Students: Eating Patterns and Healthy lifestyle Assessment

Objectives The purposes of this study were to assess the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity and to evaluate the nutritional habits, and related factors among the Students of Jazan University. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out during the academic year 2014/2015 in Jazan University, Gizan, South West Saudi Arabia. A total of 436 students 19–25 y of age were examined. The questionnaires, including items on eating habits, lifestyle, and socio-demographic characteristics, were completed by the students. Data on weight, height were also collected.  The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Differences were considered statistically significant at P. value  < 0.05. Results The mean weight for males and females were 67.84 and 54.79 kg respectively, with significant differences between males and females (P. value <0.05). The mean BMI for all study participants was reported as 23.31 (kg/m²), also with significant difference between the males and females groups. About 45% of the students were of normal weight; the rate of obesity and underweight among students was very high (33.6% and 21.1% respectively), and their dietary habits were unhealthy. Regularity of meals was found only among (16.5% and 20.4%) males and females respectively. 83.3% of males and 95.1% of females reported eating snacks during the day. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity were very high among the studied students. The study showed the need for health education programs on nutritional education in universities in order to increase awareness of students towards healthy eating and lifestyle. &nbsp

Acceptance determinants of 5G services

5G is a revolutionary development in network technologies which is gradually becoming very common among people contributing significantly in different fields such as education, industry, agriculture, health, tourism and military. Currently, 5G is an outbreak change as opposed to the traditional service of the Internet since it offers better quality, ultra-fast connection, low-cost, reduced latency, energy saving, which makes its great impact even greater in people’s life. The present study examines various factors that have a significant impact on the Use of 5G in the Gulf area. The study extended the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) to include factors such as Perceived Enjoyment, Perceived Resources and Perceived Skills Readiness. The present research has adopted a hybrid model that incorporates TAM determinants with other external factors which have a direct relation with 5G as internet service. Previous studies have focused on the importance of 5G in different environments and countries. However, this study focuses on the newly spread Use of 5G in the gulf area by adopting a hybrid conceptual model. The findings suggest that 5G may help in promoting the usage of internet service more effectively with its low-cost, faster data transfer and better quality. Moreover, the findings indicate a positive effect of the gender as a mediator between the variables: Perceived Skills Readiness, Perceived Ease of use, and Perceived Resources

Acceptance determinants of 5G services

5G is a revolutionary development in network technologies which is gradually becoming very common among people contributing significantly in different fields such as education, industry, agriculture, health, tourism and military. Currently, 5G is an outbreak change as opposed to the traditional service of the Internet since it offers better quality, ultra-fast connection, low-cost, reduced latency, energy saving, which makes its great impact even greater in people’s life. The present study examines various factors that have a significant impact on the Use of 5G in the Gulf area. The study extended the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) to include factors such as Perceived Enjoyment, Perceived Resources and Perceived Skills Readiness. The present research has adopted a hybrid model that incorporates TAM determinants with other external factors which have a direct relation with 5G as internet service. Previous studies have focused on the importance of 5G in different environments and countries. However, this study focuses on the newly spread Use of 5G in the gulf area by adopting a hybrid conceptual model. The findings suggest that 5G may help in promoting the usage of internet service more effectively with its low-cost, faster data transfer and better quality. Moreover, the findings indicate a positive effect of the gender as a mediator between the variables: Perceived Skills Readiness, Perceived Ease of use, and Perceived Resources

Students’ perception towards behavioral intention of audio and video teaching styles : an acceptance study

Recently audio and video material has been used significantly in various online platforms. The audio-video materials enhance the teaching and learning process by facilitating the transformation of the data and providing a richer interactive environment, hence gaining wide intention within the educational realm. However, empirical studies have not examined the acceptance of the audio and video material depending on a conceptual model where acceptance is the key factor. The present study attempts to overcome this gap in the literature review by investigating the effects of media richness, speed and vividness, perceived concentration, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness on the acceptance of audio-video material. What distinguishes the current study is the fact that content richness is considered as a mediator that affects all other factors in the conceptual model. The data is collected by distributing the online survey to college students. The results provide mostly insight and support for students’ intention to use audio-visual resources in a conceptual model. The technology characteristics of speed and vividness as well as TAM constructs were significant predictors of technology acceptance. However, it is concluded that the external factor of the perceived concentration has no impact on the students’ perception and intention to use audio-visual resources. In the recommendation, some theoretical and practical implications are stated along with the focus on technology designers, change managers, and users