マイクロプレート オ モチイタ オス シバヤギ ケッショウ チュウ 5αジヒドロテストステロン ノ コウソ メンエキ ソクテイ

雄シバヤギ血漿中5α-ジヒドロテストステロン(5α-DHT)に関する酵素免疫測定法(EIA)について検討した。抗血清は抗5α-DHT-11α-Succinate-BSAを,酵素標識ホルモンには5α-DHT-11α-Succinate-peroxidase(5α-DHT-HRP)を用いた。抗血清は100,000倍に希釈・使用が可能であった。また,抗血清にはテストステロンが30%交叉反応するため,Bond Elut CN-Uを用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる精製を行い,被検血漿中の5α-DHTとテストステロンを分離・測定した。その結果,酢酸エチル : ベンゼン=2 : 98の展開液を流したところ,1.00-4.25mlの範囲に5α-DHTが溶出された。添加回収試験において添加量0.1-1.0pgの各濃度での回収率は,平均100.45%±2.13となった。再現性試験における頸静脈血および精巣静脈血の測定内変動係数(n=6)は各々6.38%および5.94%となり,測定間変動係数は8.36%ならびに11.53%となった。以上の結果から,雄シバヤギの血漿中5α-DHT濃度を,本法を用いて測定することが可能であることを明らかにした。Enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) for 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) in male Shiba-goat blood plasma was examined. The antiserum used 5α-DHT-11α-succinate-peroxidase (5α-DHT-HRP) for the enzyme labeling hormone in respect of 5α-DHT-11α-succinate-BSA. The use was possible for the antiserum at 100,000 times. The 5α-DHT in plasma was purified and separated from the testosterone by column chromatography using Bond Elut CN-U, since antiserum for 5α-DHT had cross reaction (30%) to the testosterone. The 5α-DHT was washed away by the development liquid of ethyl acetate: benzene=2 : 98 and was collected in the range between 1.00 and 4.25ml. Recovery rates of 5α-DHT each concentration of the addition 0.1～1ng to Shiba-goat plasma were 100.45%±2.13 of the averages. Inter-assay coefficient of variation (C.V.) became respectively 6.38% and 5.94% in jugular and testicular vein blood,while for intra-assay, they became 8.36% and 11.53%. It was possible to analyse 5α-DHT concentration in blood plasma of the male Shiba-goat from the above result using this method

マイクロプレート オ モチイタ オス シバヤギ ケッショウ チュウ テストステロン ノ コウソ メンエキ ソクテイ ホウ ノ ケントウ

Testosterone-3(E)-carboxymethyloxime-BSAを抗原として作成した抗体,ならびに酵素標識ホルモンとしてTestosterone-3(E)-carboxymethyloxime-peroxidaseを使用し,雄シバヤギにおける血漿中テストステロン濃度の酵素免疫測定法(EIA)を検討した。本実験では高い測定感度が得られる二抗体法を用い,作成した抗血清は,350,000倍に希釈しても使用可能な高い力価を有していた。血漿に10～100pgのテストステロンを添加した添加回収試験では,回収率が平均102.8±2.8%となった。測定内変動係数(N=6)は雄シバヤギ頸静脈血漿で5.08%,精索静脈血漿では7.32%,測定間変動係数(N=6)は,頸静脈血漿で5.74%,精索静脈血漿で6.13%であった。以上の結果から,本方法によって雄シバヤギ血漿中テストステロンの測定が可能となった。Enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) of testosterone was examined in which an individual antibody, and testosterone-peroxidase-conjugate were used for that, was measured in male Shiba-goat plasma. An anti-testosterone-3(E)-carboxymethyloxime-BSA antibody was used as an anti-serum, and testosterone-3(E)-carboxymethyloxime-peroxidase was used as a steroid-enzyme conjugate. The anti-serum was diluted by using 2nd antibody method which could get high measurement sensitivity of 350,000 times. Recovery rates of testosterone for each concentration with the addition of 10～100pg to Shiba-goat plasma were 102.8±2.8% of the averages. Inter-assay coefficient of variation (C.V.) for testosterone level from jugular and testicular vein blood plasma samples were 5.08% and 7.32% respectively, as for intra-assay, they became 5.74% and 6.13%. These results suggest that the EIA method is extremely suitable to measure testosterone concentration in blood plasma of the male Shiba-goat

Association between serum oxytocin levels and depressive state in community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract Aim Identifying peripheral biomarkers related to the prevention or modification of unhealthy mental conditions in older adults would be extremely beneficial. This study aimed to evaluate serum oxytocin levels in older adults living in a rural community and their association with cognitive function, anxiety, depressive state, and well‐being. Methods This survey was conducted between November 2016 and September 2017 in Kurokawa‐cho, Imari, Saga Prefecture, Japan, among people aged ≥65 years. Blood samples were collected from the participants for serum oxytocin level analysis, which was performed using peptide enzyme immunoassay. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessments, including the Mini‐Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, Frontal Assessment Battery, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale, and 17‐item Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale. We examined the association between serum oxytocin levels and neuropsychological assessment results. Results Out of 94 participants, 25 were men and 69 were women, with mean ages of 78.24 ± 3.85 years and 78.10 ± 5.43 years, respectively. Serum oxytocin levels were negatively associated with 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale scores. Additionally, nondepressive state/depressive state was classified by the 15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale (cut‐off 5/6). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum oxytocin levels tended to be associated with a less depressive state at that time. Conclusions Serum oxytocin levels may be associated with depressive state in adults aged ≥65 years

Low-Grade Inflammation Is Associated with Apathy Indirectly via Deep White Matter Lesions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Sefuri Study

Low-grade inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and apathy as a form of vascular depression. We analyzed the brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in 259 community-dwelling older adults (122 men and 137 women, with a mean age of 68.4 years). The serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the log10 hsCRP value and the presence of a metabolic syndrome were independently associated with confluent but not punctate deep white matter lesions (DWMLs). Path analysis based on structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the direct path from the log10 hsCRP to the DWMLs was significant (β = 0.119, p = 0.039). The direct paths from the metabolic syndrome to the log10 hsCRP and to the DWMLs were also significant. The direct path from the DWMLs to apathy (β = −0.165, p = 0.007) was significant, but the direct path from the log10 hsCRP to apathy was not significant. Inflammation (i.e., elevated serum hsCRP levels) was associated with DWMLs independent of common vascular risk factors, while DWMLs were associated with apathy. The present analysis with SEM revealed the more realistic scheme that low-grade inflammation was associated with apathy indirectly via DWMLs in community-dwelling older adults

Additional file 1 of Association between cortisol and aging-related hippocampus volume changes in community-dwelling older adults: a 7-year follow-up study

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The 596 participants demographics at Timepoint 1. The 70 participants for the final analysis and the other 526 participants

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Carbon Monoxide-Induced Delayed Neuropsychiatric Sequelae: Case Report of Two Cases and Relevant Literature Review

We herein report two cases with carbon monoxide- (CO-) induced delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNS) successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in attempt suicide by charcoal burning. The two patients with CO-induced DNS were successfully treated with a total of more than 100 sessions of HBOT. Frontal assessment battery (FAB) was useful to examine the effectiveness of HBOT objectively. In the future study, a large-randomized trial is required to establish the efficacy of HBOT for the treatment of DNS

Donepezil suppresses intracellular Ca2+ mobilization through the PI3K pathway in rodent microglia

Abstract Background Microglia are resident innate immune cells which release many factors including proinflammatory cytokines or nitric oxide (NO) when they are activated in response to immunological stimuli. Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is related to the inflammatory responses mediated by microglia. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling is important for microglial functions such as release of NO and cytokines. In addition, alteration of intracellular Ca2+ signaling underlies the pathophysiology of AD, while it remains unclear how donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, affects intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in microglial cells. Methods We examined whether pretreatment with donepezil affects the intracellular Ca2+ mobilization using fura-2 imaging and tested the effects of donepezil on phagocytic activity by phagocytosis assay in rodent microglial cells. Results In this study, we observed that pretreatment with donepezil suppressed the TNFα-induced sustained intracellular Ca2+ elevation in both rat HAPI and mouse primary microglial cells. On the other hand, pretreatment with donepezil did not suppress the mRNA expression of both TNFR1 and TNFR2 in rodent microglia we used. Pretreatment with acetylcholine but not donepezil suppressed the TNFα-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation through the nicotinic α7 receptors. In addition, sigma 1 receptors were not involved in the donepezil-induced suppression of the TNFα-mediated intracellular Ca2+ elevation. Pretreatment with donepezil suppressed the TNFα-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation through the PI3K pathway in rodent microglial cells. Using DAF-2 imaging, we also found that pretreatment with donepezil suppressed the production of NO induced by TNFα treatment and the PI3K pathway could be important for the donepezil-induced suppression of NO production in rodent microglial cells. Finally, phagocytosis assay showed that pretreatment with donepezil promoted phagocytic activity of rodent microglial cells through the PI3K but not MAPK/ERK pathway. Conclusions These suggest that donepezil could directly modulate the microglial function through the PI3K pathway in the rodent brain, which might be important to understand the effect of donepezil in the brain