Targeted disruption of the PD78 gene ( traF ) reduces pheromone-inducible conjugal transfer of the bacteriocin plasmid pPD1 in Enterococcus faecalis

Bacterial sex pheromone, cPD1, induces sexual aggregation of Enterococcus faecalis harboring the bacteriocin plasmid, pPD1, and enables pPD1 to transfer at high frequency in a liquid culture. PD78 is a cPD1-inducible cell surface protein encoded by pPD1. The PD78 gene, traF , was disrupted by homologous recombination between pPD1 and an artificial vector having a deletion in the middle portion of traF . The disruption of traF did not affect the cPD1-inducible aggregation but reduced the transfer frequency of pPD1 to 2% of the wild-type level.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72850/1/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07537.x.pd

シュツットガルト世界選手権大会におけるゆか運動についての一考察 : 種目別選手権大会上位入賞者と日本選手の比較を中心として

By comparing the performance between World Top Gymnasts and Japanese gymnasts, the following were revealed: 1) BOGVINSKAIA and SLIVAS getting 10.00 points seemed to deserve to be champion, because BOGVINSKAIA had her own characteristic movements and high guality balanced performance of series. SILVAS, on the other hand, had high degree of rythmical movements. 2) Amang the Japanese gymnasts, SHINODA got 9.837 and her performance seemed to give a good example with regard to getting a high score for Japanese gymnasts in the future. 3) Prize winners executed much more D technigue than Japanese gymnasts and they got as a result much more additional points. 4) Many Japanese gymnasts had mistaken at landing stage and this made their points very lower. 5) To execute the most difficult movements does not mean necessarily to be able to get a higher point. When a gymnast show a good mixture of movements, she will have a good evaluation

平均台とゆかの後転とびの比較

The competition of Gymnastic has a skill called Flic-Flac. This skill starts from errect posture, and by the thrust of the feet from the backward to upward direction, and then touch with the hands on ground and leave with the hands to landing on ground with feet. Flic-Flac is a skill commonly seen in the Floor Exercise from long time ago, but it become a skill of the Balance Beam was quite resently after the Mexico Olympic 1968. Today the Flic-Flac is a basic part of series movements in Balance Beam. For the purpose of instruction, we used 16mm cinecamera to filming the movement Flic-Flac, and compared it with one which was done on the Floor and the other was on Balance Beam ten healthy subjects (two Elementary School girls, three Junior High School girls, three High School girls, and two University girls included) were voluntary perticipated in this study. Some interesting findings from comparing both performed on Floor and on Balance Beam can summarized as follows ; (1) The horizontal distance from start to the finish was different. (2) The movement of limbs and frunk diffly were found. (3) The locus of movement were different. (4) The toe toward Balance Beam quicker. (5) The way to carry out this movement were differ from one to another from the subjects. (6) The less variation of movement found in some subjects have better posture achievement in performing Flic-Flac. As the height and width of the Balance Beam is limited, so from the time of start down to the time of take off is better exerted by the use of knee and waist. From the view point of instruction its thought to begin from Floor, and then gradually raisen the height of Balance Beam from low up to the normal height for achieving better sooner

Enzymatic Glycosylation of Vancomycin Aglycon: Completion of a Total Synthesis of Vancomycin and N- and C-Terminus Substituent Effects of the Aglycon Substrate

Studies on the further development of the sequential glycosylations of the vancomycin aglycon catalyzed by the glycosyltransferases GtfE and GtfD and the observation of unusual, perhaps unexpected, aglycon substrate substituent effects on the rate and efficiency of the initial glycosylation reaction are reported

Järviseudun ammatti-instituutin opetusnavetan työohjeiden päivittäminen

Opinnäytetyöni käsittelee Järviseudun ammatti-instituutin opetusnavetan työohjeiden päivittämistä. Työohjeet olisi hyvä olla jokaisessa työpaikassa. Niistä on apua uuden työntekijän perehdyttämisessä sekä myös kauemmin poissa olleen työntekijän palatessa työpaikalle. Hyvät työohjeet tuovat työpaikalle myös taloudellista hyötyä, sillä ne vähentävät työtapaturmista johtuvia sairaslomia sekä luovat työntekijöille valmiudet tehokkaaseen työskentelyyn. Järviseudun ammatti-instituutin opetusnavetta on sekä työ- että oppimispaikka. Tämän vuoksi sinne halutaan kunnolliset ohjeet navetan töistä. Tavoitteena on saada helposti ymmärrettävät ohjeet, joita pystyvät hyödyntämään myös koulun ulkomaalaiset oppilaat. Tästä syystä ohjeissa käytetään kuvia tekstin ohella. Ohjeita tehtiin kahdenlaisia. Navetan perustöistä tehtiin yksityiskohtaiset kuvalliset ohjeet pienen tekstin kera. Nämä ohjeet perustuvat täysin navetan työskentelytapoihin, jotka valokuvattiin vaihe vaiheelta. Toiset ohjeet ovat enemmän teksti-muodossa, ja käsittelevät navetassa harvemmin tehtäviä työtehtäviä, jotka vaativat enemmän ammattiosaamista ja suomenkielentaitoa.This thesis is the made work instructions for Järviseutu Vocational Institute’s cowshed. Work instructions are very important in every workplace. They help when you teach new employee or when a former employee comes back to work from a long absence. Well-made work instructions are economically profitable, they decreases occupational accidents and helps employees to work effectively. Järviseutu Vocational Institute’s cowshed is a workplace and also place to study. That is a reason why work instructions have to be in good order. The objective was to create easily understandable instructions which foreigner students could also understand. That is the reason why photos with text were used in the work instructions. There are two kinds of instructions. One about the cowshed’s daily works with photos and a short text: these instructions are detailed and based on completely on the working habits in the cowshed; they were photographed step by step. The second instructions are about non-daily works. That require more professional abilities and Finnish language skills

幼児における前方宙返りの指導方法に対する一考察

Many studies on motions such as walking, running, throwing and jumping which are fundamental physical movements have been made. There are very few reports, however, on the forward somersault in the air, much less the examples of kindergartens where the forward somersault is given as physical training. The reasons are that teachers do not know the teaching method of forward somersault suited to children\u27s physical development, it can be possible for children to practice it. To make children practice the up-and-down motion in the air is a useful factor for the development of their body. This study is based on the experiment to think out a teaching method of forward somersault by giving exercises to the children of five years old. Four five-year-old children practiced four kinds of exercises twice a week for six weeks. (The average duration of practice is 40 minutes a day.) Respiratory phase and EMG were amplified and recorded with SAN-EI POLYGRAPH 142-8, and analyzed and used as research data. According to the result, the number of practice times of forward somersault is as follows : Child 1 could do it by himself at the 76th trial, Child 2 at the 78th, Child 3 at the 94th, Child 4 at the 98th. The point of this experiment is the use of mini-poline, which played an important part for children with little muscular strength

平均台の前転とびにおける審判判定能力に対する一考察

There is a performance called a handspring forward in compulsory exercises on the balance beam. In the 8th Acquisition Test for an International Judge, it was reported that only 10 precent of the judges recognized that there was an air phase in the handspring forward. However, 90 percent of the remaining judges recognized the handspring forward as the walkover forward in the Barcelona Olympic Games. The handspring forward is used in the Olympics and also in other major championships from 1994 to 1996. This study was carried out to investigate whether a player\u27s performance has the air phase or not. Furthermore, this study investigated whether a judge can judge the air phase accurately or not. Many important things were found in the results. It is really hard to judge during a performance because the handspring forward has speed, and the air phase seems to appear in the handspring forward. To judge accurately whether there is an air phase or not, the judges have to watch repeatedly many performances that have air phases by using video tapes and investigate them. Also, it is very important and necessary that the judges have an ability to distinguish between the air phase and the walkover forward in the performance