The intra-EU child abduction regime : necessity or caprice? : empirical study of the effectiveness of child abduction provisions in the Brussels IIBis regulation : the added value of the new intra-EU child abduction regime

The key instrument providing for a worldwide regulation of international parental child abduction has long been the Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child.  The Convention has been in force since 1983 and has proved a phenomenal success. Within the European Union, the operation of the 1980 Convention has been modified by certain provisions of the Council Regulation (EC) No. 2201/2003 of 27 November 2003 concerning Jurisdiction and the Recognition and Enforcement of Judgements in Matrimonial Matters and the Matters of Parental Responsibility, repealing Regulation (EC) No. 1347/2000.  The Regulation entered into force on 1 March 2005 and applies to child abduction cases between the EU Member States except for Denmark.  This regional instrument aims at creating even more ambitious rules on child abduction by imposing stricter obligations to assure the prompt return of a child. Despite the ambitious goal of strengthening the deterrence of child abduction within the borders of the Union, the new child abduction regime did not receive a warm welcome by commentators. The thesis aims at critically evaluating the evolution of the new intra-EU child abduction regime, and examining to what extent the European Union complied with its standards of good legislative drafting during the negotiations on the Brussels II<i>bis</i> Regulation.  It also seeks to demonstrate that there was no real legal need for the involvement of the European Union in the area of child abduction, and tightening the 1980 Hague Convention return mechanism. Not less importantly, the thesis aspires to reveal how effectively the new return mechanism operates and what are the points of concern in respect to the functioning of the new child abduction scheme.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Szerokość rozkładu objętości płytek i płytkokryt: nowe biomarkery zawału serca z uniesieniem odcinka ST u młodych pacjentów

Background: Platelets play a central role in myocardial infarction, and platelet activity can be evaluated with platelet indices, including platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT). These indices have been demonstrated as markers of prothrombotic state in cardiovascular diseases. Aim: Therefore, we aimed to investigate, the usefulness of these biomarkers in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in young patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 565 subjects who were classified into three groups: group 1 (168 young patients with STEMI), group 2 (173 non-young patients with STEMI), and group 3 (224 age-matched controls with angiographically normal coronary arteries). Male patients aged under 45 years and female patients aged under 55 years were defined as young STEMI. Results: In group 1, PDW and PCT (17.2 ± 0.67, 0.249 ± 0.05, respectively) were significantly higher than the other groups (group 2, 16.4 ± 0.56, 0.231 ± 0.04; group 3, 15.1 ± 0.63, 0.227 ± 0.04). PDW and PCT had moderate negative correlation (r = –0.305, r = –0.330, respectively) with age and moderate positive correlation with peak creatine kinase MB (r = 0.259, r = 0.320, respectively). At multivariate analysis, adjusted for other factors, 1 fL increase in PDW levels was 13.5% more likely to be associated with young STEMI, and similarly, a 1% increase in PCT levels was 18.9% more likely associated with young STEMI. Conclusions: Platelet distribution width and plateletcrit levels seem to be independent markers of STEMI in young patients and may reflect prothrombotic state in this specific population.Wstęp: Płytki krwi odgrywają podstawową rolę w zawale serca, a ich aktywność można ocenić na podstawie wskaźników płytkowych, takich jak wskaźnik rozpiętości rozkładu objętości płytek (PDW) i płytkokryt (PCT). Wykazano, że wskaźniki te są markerami stanu prozakrzepowego w chorobach sercowo-naczyniowych. Cel: Celem pracy było zbadanie użyteczności tych wskaźników w zawale serca z uniesieniem odcinka ST (STEMI) u młodych pacjentów. Metody: W tym przekrojowym badaniu uczestniczyło 565 osób, które podzielono na trzy grupy: grupa 1 — 168 młodych pacjentów ze STEMI, grupa 2 — 173 starszych chorych ze STEMI i grupa 3 — 224 dopasowanych pod względem wieku osób z prawidłowym obrazem tętnic wieńcowych w koronarografii (grupa kontrolna). Za młodych pacjentów ze STEMI uznawano mężczyzn w wieku poniżej 45 lat i kobiety poniżej 55 lat. Wyniki: W grupie 1 wartości PDW i PCT (odpowiednio 17,2 ± 0,67; 0,249 ± 0,05) były istotnie wyższe niż w innych grupach (odpowiednio grupa 2: 16,4 ± 0,56; 0,231 ± 0,04; grupa 3: 15,1 ± 0,63; 0,227 ± 0,04). Wskaźniki PDW i PCT wykazywały umiarkowanie silną ujemną korelację (odpowiednio r = –0,305 i r = –0,330) z wiekiem i umiarkowanie silną dodatnią korelację z maksymalnym stężeniem frakcji MB kinazy kreatynowej (odpowiednio r = 0,259; r = 0,320). W analizie wieloczynnikowej, po skorygowaniu względem innych zmiennych, wykazano, że zwiększenie o 1 fl wartości PDW wiązało się z większym o 13,5% prawdopodobieństwem zawału w młodym wieku. Podobnie przy 1-procentowym wzroście wartości PCT prawdopodobieństwo STEMI u młodych osób zwiększało się o 18,9%. Wnioski: Wskaźniki PDW i PCT są niezależnymi markerami STEMI u młodych osób i mogą być wyznacznikiem stanu prozakrzepowego w tej szczególnej populacji pacjentów.

The relationship between monocyte HDL-C ratio and reduced left ventricular systolic function in patients among acute myocarditis

Myocarditis contributes to the global burden of cardiovascular disease mainly through sudden death and chronic cardiomyopathy in young age groups. Monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) has developed as a new inflammation biomarker. In this study has investigated that relationship between admission MHR levels and the reduced left ventricular systolic functions after acute myocarditis. The study included a total of 156 consecutive cases wanted by their doctors to undergo cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for acute myocarditis as the clinical diagnosis between 2009 and 2017 at our hospital. Study participants were split into two groups; group I patients (patients with LVEF [Med-Science 2021; 10(2.000): 304-9