627 research outputs found
Focusing Light through Random Photonic Media by Binary Amplitude Modulation
We study the focusing of light through random photonic materials using
wavefront shaping. We explore a novel approach namely binary amplitude
modulation. To this end, the light incident to a random photonic medium is
spatially divided into a number of segments. We identify the segments that give
rise to fields that are out of phase with the total field at the intended focus
and assign these a zero amplitude, whereas the remaining segments maintain
their original amplitude. Using 812 independently controlled segments of light,
we find the intensity at the target to be 75 +/- 6 times enhanced over the
average intensity behind the sample. We experimentally demonstrate focusing of
light through random photonic media using both an amplitude only mode liquid
crystal spatial light modulator and a MEMS-based spatial light modulator. Our
use of Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS)-based digital micromirror devices
for the control of the incident light field opens an avenue to high speed
implementations of wavefront shaping
Stability of black carrot anthocyanins in the turkish delight (LOKUM) during storage
In this research, traditional Turkish delight (lokum) was colored with black carrot juice concentrate, and the variations in anthocyanin content, during storage at different temperatures (12, 20 and 30C) for 5-month periods, were observed by spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography. Analysis of kinetic data suggested a first-order reaction for the degradation of black carrot anthocyanins in Turkish delight. Degradation rates of anthocyanins of black carrot increased with increasing temperature. It was determined that the degradation rate of black carrot anthocyanins during the storage period at 12C increased faster than that of the other temperatures (20 and 30C). The k values for 12, 20 and 30C were found to be 6.91 × 10 -3, 4.21 × 10 -3and 9.21 × 10 -3/day, respectively. Effects of pH on the thermal stability of black carrot anthocyanins were also determined. Results showed that the stability of anthocyanins decreased as the pH value increased. Increase in pH values correlated well with the decrease in anthocyanin content of the samples during storage. In all of the samples, redness (a*) decreased during the storage at all temperatures; however, lightness (L*) increased. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Most of commercial anthocyanins used as a colorant in foods are obtained from fruits or vegetables such as: red grape, elderberry, blackcurrant, blackberry, raspberry, black chokeberry, red cabbage, black carrot, purple corn, red radish and purple sweet potato. Turkish delight (lokum), one of the most popular traditional food products in Turkey, is a famous Turkish desert known all over the world. Lokum is produced by using sugar, water, starch, citric acid, aromatic compounds, dried fruits and natural colorant. The color of foods, which is one of the initial properties noticed in foods, is one of the most important quality parameters affecting consumers. Because of consumer anxiety over the safety of synthetic food colorants, the demand for natural food colorants has increased. Particularly, there is an increasing request for natural red food colorants as alternatives to the most commonly used synthetic red colorant. Therefore, the availability and the suitability of black carrot juice concentrate as a natural colorant instead of synthetic colorants which are considered to have some negative properties for human health was investigated by this work. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Scattering Lens Resolves sub-100 nm Structures with Visible Light
The smallest structures that conventional lenses are able to optically
resolve are of the order of 200 nm. We introduce a new type of lens that
exploits multiple scattering of light to generate a scanning nano-sized optical
focus. With an experimental realization of this lens in gallium phosphide we
have succeeded to image gold nanoparticles at 97 nm optical resolution. Our
work is the first lens that provides a resolution in the nanometer regime at
visible wavelengths.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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Benchmarking of Different Powder-Bed Metal Fusion Processes for Machine Selection in Additive Manufacturing
In the last decade, additive manufacturing has gained significant interest for direct part
production and started to change the way companies manufacture products; even in very
demanding sectors like aerospace. The biggest challenge for a wider industrial acceptance still
stands as the need for more reliable, repeatable and precise machines for additive manufacturing.
This paper presents a comprehensive benchmarking study for the selection of an additive
manufacturing machine for powder-bed metal fusion process, i.e. Selective Laser Melting or
Direct Metal Laser Sintering or Laser Cusing. Four different machine vendors for the same
technology to be employed for aeroengine part manufacturing using Inconel 625 powder have
been involved for comparing different machine specifications. Many aspects such as dimensional
accuracy, surface quality, need of support structures, density, hardness and process limits
(minimum wall thickness, overhang surfaces, inclinations and curvatures, etc.) are addressed in
the paper. The state-of-the-art in machines for powder-bed metal fusion process is presented
aiming at understanding the current limitations of the technology available today.Mechanical Engineerin
Primary extranodal Non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma presenting as painful gingval swelling
Primary extra-nodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) constitute 25–40% of NHL but less than 1% arises in oral cavity. Here in 53-year-old man with stage IE gingival diffuse large B cell lymphoma who was treated successfully with chemotherapy and radiotherapy was presented
Exotic Smoothness and Quantum Gravity
Since the first work on exotic smoothness in physics, it was folklore to
assume a direct influence of exotic smoothness to quantum gravity. Thus, the
negative result of Duston (arXiv:0911.4068) was a surprise. A closer look into
the semi-classical approach uncovered the implicit assumption of a close
connection between geometry and smoothness structure. But both structures,
geometry and smoothness, are independent of each other. In this paper we
calculate the "smoothness structure" part of the path integral in quantum
gravity assuming that the "sum over geometries" is already given. For that
purpose we use the knot surgery of Fintushel and Stern applied to the class
E(n) of elliptic surfaces. We mainly focus our attention to the K3 surfaces
E(2). Then we assume that every exotic smoothness structure of the K3 surface
can be generated by knot or link surgery a la Fintushel and Stern. The results
are applied to the calculation of expectation values. Here we discuss the two
observables, volume and Wilson loop, for the construction of an exotic
4-manifold using the knot and the Whitehead link . By using Mostow
rigidity, we obtain a topological contribution to the expectation value of the
volume. Furthermore we obtain a justification of area quantization.Comment: 16 pages, 1 Figure, 1 Table subm. Class. Quant. Grav
Parabolic oblique derivative problem in generalized Morrey spaces
We study the regularity of the solutions of the oblique derivative problem
for linear uniformly parabolic equations with VMO coefficients. We show that if
the right-hand side of the parabolic equation belongs to certain generalized
Morrey space than the strong solution belongs to the corresponding generalized
Sobolev-Morrey space
A novel algorithm for dynamic student profile adaptation based on learning styles
The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.E-learning recommendation systems are used to enhance student performance and knowledge by providing tailor- made services based on the students’ preferences and learning styles, which are typically stored in student profiles. For such systems to remain effective, the profiles need to be able to adapt and reflect the students’ changing behaviour. In this paper, we introduce new algorithms that are designed to track student learning behaviour patterns, capture their learning styles, and maintain dynamic student profiles within a recommendation system (RS). This paper also proposes a new method to extract features that characterise student behaviour to identify students’ learning styles with respect to the Felder-Silverman learning style model (FSLSM). In order to test the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, we present a series of experiments that use a dataset of real students to demonstrate how our proposed algorithm can effectively model a dynamic student profile and adapt to different student learning behaviour. The results revealed that the students could effectively increase their learning efficiency and quality for the courses when the learning styles are identified, and proper recommendations are made by using our method
The statistical analysis of some volumetric measurements in the japanese quails" head with different feather color: a computed tomography study
Computing Amplitudes in topological M-theory
We define a topological quantum membrane theory on a seven dimensional
manifold of holonomy. We describe in detail the path integral evaluation
for membrane geometries given by circle bundles over Riemann surfaces. We show
that when the target space is quantum amplitudes of non-local
observables of membranes wrapping the circle reduce to the A-model amplitudes.
In particular for genus zero we show that our model computes the
Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. Moreover, for membranes wrapping calibrated homology
spheres in the , we find that the amplitudes of our model are related to
Joyce invariants.Comment: 26 page
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