Medicinal Plants to Calm and Treat Psoriasis Disease

Psoriasis is a chronic and inflammatory multifactorial disease. For psoriasis treatment, topical chemical agents are applied, in spite of inefficient effects or less effectiveness. But medical plants can be one of the alternative treatment methods. In the field, herbal creams are the most used. In fact, they are helping to inhibit leukotriene formation, inflammation and blocks cyclooxygenase enzymes, then heal skin wounds due to the plant\u27s flavonoids and tannins. The aim of this study is the making of new herbal cream for treating psoriasis. In the mentioned cream, synergistic effects of medicinal herbals extracts were evaluate on damaged skin. Some of these extracts include Santalum album, Arctium lappa, Matricaria chamomilla, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Lavandula angustifolia, Avena sativa, Aloe barbadesis, Pinus eldarica and Cydonia seed‐Mucus. Cream was prepared by mixing water‐in‐oil (W/O) and was proposed to five patients who suffer from psoriasis. Results were remarkable. All five patients were satisfied from itching inhibition and skin inflammation in first week. After 2 weeks applying cream, fading skin redness and increasing skin flexibility and repair were noticeable. An important point in this cream was the mixed herbal extract with high effectiveness than each of them alone. In fact, S. album and L. angustifolia were caused softening of skin corneous layer. Flavonoids and tannins in G. glabra, A. lappa, P. eldarica and A. sativa are effective for treating skin lesions such as psoriasis. Polysaccharides in A. barbadensis and mucilage in C. seed‐Mucus not only are healing skin wounds but also their malic acid make peeling skin dead cells. Moreover, pectin and provitamins (A) act as antioxidants and prevent damage of skin healthy cells. Herbal β‐sitosterols are factor of fading skin redness and anti‐itching, a‐bisabolol (M. chamomilla) as anti‐inflammation; blocks cyclooxygenase enzymes and inhibits leukotriene formation to prevent redness. In fact, this treatment cream is effective for collagen synthesis, wound improvement, epidermal‐moisture maintenance, inflammation relief and boost immune system and will inhibit psoriasis common symptoms in shortest time and no side effect

Cytotoxic Effects and Induction of Apoptosis of Cisplatin Loaded on Polybutyl Cyanocryl Nanoparticles on the Growth of Human Cellular Cancer Cell Line In Vitro

Glioma is the most common primary tumor of the brain and CNS tumors and 80% of the malignant brain tumors. The average life time of patients with glioblastoma is 14.6 months due to various therapeutic options, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years, biodegradable polymer nanoparticles have attracted attention as pharmaceutical carriers. Polymeric nanoparticles can be formed by polymerization of monomers or polymers. On the other hand apoptosis or a planned cell death is a regulated normalized cell suicide process that enables the living being to maintain the number of cells and eliminate unwanted cells that threaten existing survival. So, in this study, the effect of cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis nano-cysplatinum was studied. To date, various carriers have been used to deliver cisplatin. We plan to load cisplatin on polybutyl cyanacrylate nanoparticles and compare its effect with the standard drug in the carcinoma cell of the brain C6 and examine its properties in the laboratory environment. Introduction: Cancer is an important issue in modern medicine and is the most common cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Meanwhile, brain cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths among women and men, with the third highest incidence among other cancers. Therefore, chemotherapy drugs aimed at preventing abnormal cell proliferation in certain tissues of the body and, on the other hand, inducing apoptosis in tumor cells are considered important candidates for cancer treatment. Due to the role of apoptosis induction, cisplatin can be used as anticancer therapeutic agent. Methods and Results: The cytotoxic effect and induction of apoptosis cisplatin on brain cancer were investigated. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin by MTT was evaluated on brain cancer cell line (C6).Finally, to evaluate the effect of nanosilver platinum on the apoptosis process, a staining method with a Hawkish color 33258 was used by fluorescent microscope. The results of this study showed that nano-cysplatinum had more cellular cytotoxic activity than free drug and the effect of induction of apoptosis with nano-drug was investigated. Conclusions: Our results showed that synthesized nanorods can be used as a new nano-medicine to replace chemotherapy, and the effect of inducing apoptosis by nano-nutrition has been shown to provide favorable results

Cytotoxicity of Nanoliposomal Cisplatin Coated with Synthesized Methoxypolyethylene Glycol Propionaldehyde in Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Line A2780CP

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of pegylated nanoliposomal cisplatin on human ovarian cancer cell line A2780CP.Methods: Synthesized methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) propionaldehyde was characterized by 1Hnuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and used as coating agent for the preparation of liposomal nanodrug formulation by reverse phase evaporation method. The characteristics of the nanoparticles were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Encapsulation efficiency was determined spectrometrically at 214.42 nm by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The cytotoxicity of both pegylated nanoliposomal and free cisplatin were evaluated by 3- [4, 5 dimethyl-2-thiazolyl] -2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and expressed as half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50).Results: The mean diameter and zeta potential of drug-loaded liposomal particles and empty nanoliposomes were 125 ± 2.9 nm and -16.6 mV, 108 ± 2.2 nm and -27.2 mV, respectively, while the cytotoxicity (IC50) of free cisplatin and nanodrug formulation were 93.6 ± 3.1 μg/mL and 67.8 ± 2.3 μg/mL, respectively. In vitro toxicological results indicate that the formulation exhibited approximately 1.4-fold cytotoxicity compared with the free drug. Drug encapsulation efficiency of the nanoliposomes was approximately 98 ± 1 %.Conclusion: The findings show that the cytotoxicity of pegylated nanoliposomal cisplatin is higher than that of free cisplatin in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780CP. In vivo studies are, however, required to ascertain its therapeutic potentials.Keywords: Liposome, Nanodrug, Ovarian cancer, Polyethylene glycol, Cisplatin, Drug delivery, Cytotoxicit

Anticancer effect of the IgY that produced against a small peptide with 15 amino acids of human DR5 on MCF7 cell line

Tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) plays an important role in diverse cellular events such as septic shock, induction of other cytokines, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is currently attracting great interest as a potential anticancer drug. TRAIL could selectively induce apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo by a death receptor-mediated process. TRAIL shows a high degree of promiscuity as it binds to the DR5 receptor and it  is generating considerable interests as a possible anticancer therapeutic agent. Use of TRAIL or its antagonist could be a good anticancer treatment in future. The extracellular domain of DR5 human protein which has the attachment part of this ligand to TRAIL ligand is considerable domain of it. We produced a small peptide with just 15 aminoacids from this domain, with peptide synthesizer. Then inject them to hens to immunize them and achieve high affinity IgY. At least, obtained IgYs specially recognize DR5 protein and in vitro start exclusively to induce death in the MCF7 cell line, and interestingly not on normal cells.

Generation of truncated recombinant form of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 to produce cancer vaccine

Purpose: To produce truncated recombinant form of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) and CRD3 regions of the receptor were generated using pET28a and E. coli/BL21.Methods: DNA coding sequence of CRD2 and CRD3 was cloned into pET28a vector and the corresponding protein was expressed under induction of isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as 6×His tagged using E.coli BL21 (DE3) expression system. The protein was then purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The fragment insertion, expression of recombinant protein and the yield of expression were evaluated.Results: Protein expression was achieved by identifying a band with molecular weight of 1488.3 Da. The recombinant protein of CRD2 and CRD3 was most efficiently expressed in 0.5 mM IPTG and 3 h of incubation at 37 °C with high yield equal to 0.3 μg/μl. Also, the highest concentration of imidazole for purification of the recombinant protein was 250 mM.Conclusion: A truncated form of TNFR-1 has been successfully expressed in a bacterial expression system and purified on affinity column. The purified protein can be used in in vivo experiments to prepare specified agonist antibodies for TNFR-1.Keywords: Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR-1), Cysteine rich domain 2 (CRD2), Cysteine rich domain (CRD3), Apoptosis, Cancer vaccine, Antibodies, Recombinant protein, pET28

Isolation of a Penicillin Acylase Producing E.coli and Kinetic Characterization of the Whole Cell Enzyme Activity

ABSTRACT Penicillin acylase (EC 3.5.1.11) has been a target of study for a long time because of its pivotal role in the deacylation of the penicillin into the 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and the side-chain organic acids. This property of penicillin acylase has been exploited commercially for large scale production of 6-APA, which is the key intermediate in the manufacture of semi-synthetic penicillins. Due to the worldwide demand for semi-synthetic penicillins, production of 6-APA has been increased up to 7000 tons in recent years. In this study, Sixty-five strains of E. coli were investigated for penicillin acylase activity using fluorescamine method. The 6-aminopenicillanic acid formed in the reaction mixture was developed on thin layer chromatography. One-minute beta-lactamase test was carried out to follow any trace of penicillinase activity. Only one sample designated as E.coli PPA78 was found to be penicillin acylase producer. The optimal pH and temperature of penicillin acylase activity of the whole cells were determined to be 8.0 and 57°C, respectively. Km value and activation energy of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of penicillin G by intracellular enzyme were estimated as 0.004 mmol and 6.2 Kcal/mol, respectively. Iran. Biomed. J. 6 (2 & 3): 93-96, 200

Pegylated niosomal nanoparticles loaded with vincristine: Characterization and in vitro evaluation

Purpose: To investigate the effect of pegylated niosomal vincristine (VCR) on enhanced performance, drug resistance and prolonged blood circulation time.Methods: Pegylated niosomal VCR was synthesized by reverse phase evaporation. The mean diameter, size distribution, and zeta potential of pegylated niosomal VCR were evaluated using a Zetasizer. The half-maximal concentration (IC50) values of pegylated niosomal VCR and standard VCR were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The impact of pegylated niosomal VCR on apoptosis and cell cycle of BCL1 lymphoma cancer cells were investigated.Results: The mean diameter, size distribution and zeta potential of pegylated niosomal VCR were 220 nm, 0.4, and –18.8 mV, respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay. The IC50 values of pegylated niosomal VCR and standard VCR were 1.6 and 3.5 μg/mL, respectively, after a 24-h incubation. The cytotoxicity of pegylated niosomal VCR was twice that of standard VCR. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle showed that pegylated niosomal VCR induced greater mitotic arrest than did standard VCR.Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the effective antitumor activity of pegylated niosomal VCR compared with standard VCR.Keywords: Niosome, Anti-tumour, Polyethylene glycol, Vincristine,   Encapsulation, Lymphom

A multivariate morphometric investigation to delineate stock structure of gangetic whiting, Sillaginopsis panijus (Teleostei: Sillaginidae)

This study was conducted to delineate the stock structure of Sillaginopsis paniijus based on morphometric characters of the species. A total of 194 specimens were collected from the Meghna, Tentulia and Baleswar rivers located in the southern coastal zone of Bangladesh. Data were subjected to univariate ANOVA, multivariate ANOVA, discriminate function analysis (DFA), and principal component analysis. Mean variations of ten morphometric characters; HD, HBD, LBD, PsOL, ED, SnL, SPrDL, HAF, LSDB and LPB showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among 27 morphometric traits that were selected for the study. In DFA, the overall assignments of individuals into their correctly classified original groups were 71.1 and 70.6 % for male and female, respectively. A scatter plot of the first two discriminant functions was used to visually depict the discrimination among the populations. The results showed different stocks of S. panijus in the rivers of Baleswar, Tentulia and Meghna in southwest coast of Bangladesh

Effects of Curcumin in Combination with doxorubicin in Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main cancer related morbidity wordwidth. New therapeutic strategies are required for CRC. Anthracycline drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) remain one of the most active wide-spectrum and cost-effective drugs in cancer therapy. However, colorectal cancer (CRC) cells are inherently resistant to anthracyclines. Curcumin, the active component and yellow pigment, has been considered as anti-cancer agents with anti-proliferation, anti-invasion, and anti-angiogenesis properties. Previous data show that curcumin may played main role as therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer. We aimed to assess the possible sensitizing effects of curcumin in HCT-116 CRC cells treated with DOX. Methods;HCT-116 cells were treated with different doses of curcumin and DOX in increasing concentrations and cytotoxicity were evaluated after 48 h by Water Soluble Tetrazolium Salts(WST-1) method. In double combination treatments (48 h), the mentioned concentration were utilized;   D( Curcumin; 20 µM;DOX;5µM) C( Curcumin; 10 µM;DOX ;2.5µM ), B(Curcumin; 5 µM;DOX;1µM) and  A(Curcumin; 2.5 µM;DOX;0.5µM).  Results; HCT-116 cells treatments with various concentrations of single agents (DOX and curcumin) decreased the cellular viability in a dose-dependent pattern. Here, we show that treatment of HCT-116 CRC cells with curcumin increases the efficacy of DOX-induced death in HTCT-116 cells. Curcumin treatments also results in higher cytotoxicity of DOX and the cell death percent in compared to higher doses in single treatments. Conclusion; It could be concluded that Curcumin could acts as chemosensitiser towards the DOX therapy. So it might be used as adjuvant therapy to enhance DOX sensitivity in CRC cells