Contribution of the nurses to the clinical practice training according to nurses and students' perspectives

Background: Achievement of clinical learning outcomes in clinical practice training (CPT) is closely related to the support given to education by clinical nurses. Aim: This study aimed to determine the contribution of nurses to the CPT according to nurses' and students' perspectives. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional research. Methods: This research was after the completion of the 2021-2022 academic term. The sample of the study included 277 students who performed CTP in the internal and surgical clinics of a university hospital and 177 nurses actively working in these clinics.  A data collection tool that included nurse behaviors to determine the contribution of the CPT was used. Results: The proportions of students and nurses who reported that the level of nurses' contribution to students' knowledge and skills had good and excellent were 64.6% and 75.9%, respectively (p<0.05). According to 56% of the students and 81.1% of the nurses, nurses were a good and excellent role model for the student (p<0.001).The proportions of performing nursing behaviors including providing clinical orientation, clarification of expectations, encouragement of asking questions, establishing helpful communication, and observation of the skills varied between 26.0% and 54.5% for students and 61.5% and 94.3% for nurses, respectively  (p<0.001).  Conclusion: Student and nurse perspectives were significantly different from each other. This raises the question of "why there is such an inconsistency?". Using routine checklists that determine the contribution level of nurses to CPT may be effective in providing self-control. Sharing the results obtained with both groups can create a driving force for self-awareness and improvement

The infection prevention and control practices of the ambulance service

Objective: The aim of this research was to comprehensively evaluate the infection prevention and control practices of the ambulance service. Methods: This cross section survey was carried out in Izmir between June and September 2010. The study sample consisted of 213 ambulance service workers and all the emergency and rescue station buildings and ambulances. A questionnaire and two check-list forms were used as a means of data collection. Results: According to the employees’ responses, an average of 25 (24.86±4.09) of 40 items of infection prevention and control criteria that are required to be met for the ambulance service were met, while 15 were not. In the observations, it was found that the infection prevention and control criteria for ambulances were met at an average of 32.96±5.22 out of 40. It was found that 33 out of 50 items of the criteria for infection prevention and control in ambulances were met while 17 were not. According to observations, an average of 6 (5.88±1.52) of 17 items of infection prevention and control criteria for emergency and rescue station buildings, were met while 11 were not. Conclusion: The questionnaire responses given by the ambulance personnel and observations made by the researchers in the ambulances and emergency and rescue station buildings suggest that the criteria set for infection prevention and control practices were not met at a satisfactory level, which meant the infection prevention and control practices were not sufficient. It is advised that an IPC guideline should be prepared to include standards and procedures to be followed by ambulance service personnel

Psikolojik Ayrıcalığın Üretkenlik Karşıtı Davranışlara Etkisi: Psikolojik Sözleşmenin İhlal Edilmesinin Aracılık Rolü The Mediating Role of Psychological Contract Violation in Relationship between Psychological Entitlement and Counterproductive Behavior

Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikolojik ayrıcalığın üretkenlik karşıtı davranışlar üzerindeki etkisi ile bu etkide psikolojik sözleşmenin ihlal edilmesinin aracı rolünü belirlemektir. 148 beyaz yakalı işgörenden toplanan veriler, korelasyon, regresyon ve aracı değişkenli regresyon analizleri yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda psikolojik ayrıcalığın üretkenlik karşıtı davranışları anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediği saptanmıştır. Ayrıca psikolojik ayrıcalık ile üretkenlik karşıtı davranışlar arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik sözleşmenin ihlal edilmesinin aracılık etkisine yönelik yapılan regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, psikolojik sözleşmenin ihlal edilmesinin psikolojik ayrıcalık ile üretkenlik karşıtı davranışlar arasındaki ilişkide kısmi aracılık rolü oynadığı belirlenmiştir. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of psychological entitlement on counterproductive behavior and mediating role of psychological contract violation in relationship between psychological entitlement and counterproductive behavior. The date of the study was collected from 148 white collar employees in private organizations in İstanbul. The data was examined with Pearson correlation, regression and mediated regression analysis. According to the results of all analysis it is found that psychological entitlement is positively related with counterproductive behavior. It is also found that there is a partial mediation effect of psychological contract violation between psychological entitlement and counterproductive behavior

Analysis of Global Research Trends on BIM Studies in the Field of Architecture

This paper reveals the results of a bibliometric analysis on BIM and architecture to analyze and determine how the current research trends in BIM literature have evolved and diversified in the discipline of architecture. Although there are currently bibliometric analysis reviews of BIM in the literature, these studies take either the BIM process from a general perspective or the engineering-construction sectors, urban design scale. This state-of-the-art study explains a bibliometric analysis of the literature's relationship between architecture and BIM.  Through analyzing the data including keywords, authors, journals, institutions, citation rate etc., the relationship between BIM and architecture in all times till today has been mapped and visualized by using Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science database and VOS viewer program. In addition, analyzing the current literature published between 2017-2022 was highlighted and the emerging fields in architectural research were revealed. Emerging fields today in architectural research under the scope of BIM have clustered according to the keywords and these keywords are mostly related to information technologies and automation. The goal of revealing these findings extensively is to inspire future research based on the gaps and missing information in the existing literature. The unique importance of this study is to generate a knowledge base for the relationship between BIM and architecture studies based on the data including keywords, authors, journals, universities, citation rate, etc., adopting the bibliometric approach. This study provides valuable information to BIM studies in architecture research for researchers and practitioners. The current state of the research field, trend topics, and the key scholars and universities were identified

An alternative approach for daily perineal care of patients with indwelling urinary catheterization: Photodynamic inactivation with cationic porphyrin derivatives

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) constitute a significant portion of healthcare-associated infections. Using antiseptic for routine daily perineal care of patients with IUC may reduce CAUTIs. Aim: This study aimed to examine antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) against clinical isolates for use in the daily perineal care of patients with IUC. In addition, it was also aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of aPDI and 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate. Methods:  In this in-vitro study, cationic porphyrin derivatives (CPDs) were used as photosensitizers in the experiments. CPDs, named PM, PE, PN, and PL were synthesized by the researchers. A diode laser device emitting light with a wavelength of 450 nm (blue light) was used as the light source. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with multidrug-resistant (MDR) properties and Candida albicans were used.  Photosensitizer (PS), aPDI, light (L), and control (C) groups in aPDI experiments; control (C) and chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% groups were used in the chlorhexidine gluconate experiments. Survival was calculated based on CFU/mL in the control group. Results: In experiments, combinations of 25 J/cm² with 6.25 and 3.125 µM PM, PE reduced E. coli, K. pneumoniae, MRSA, and C. albicans survival in the range of 8.70 to 11.53 log₁₀. In aPDI experiments performed with 6.25 and 3.125 µM PN and PL concentrations at the same energy density, reductions in the range of 4.41 to 0.17 log₁₀ were observed in all four clinical isolates. In experiments where 1.5625 µM concentration was used, survival decreased in the range of 8.29 to 10.87 log₁₀ in PM and PE, while antimicrobial activity was limited in PN and PL. In the 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate experiments, the survival reduction in all four clinical isolates ranged from 8.87 to 10.24 log₁₀. Conclusion: For PM and PE, a very strong aPDI was obtained in C. albicans, E.coli, K. pneumoniae, and MRSA at low concentrations and energy density. The same antimicrobial activity was found in experiments using 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate. In this context, we would like to inform you that aPDI to be performed with a combination of 25 J/cm² at 6.25 and 3.125 µM concentrations of PM and PE has the potential to be an antiseptic in the daily perineal care of patients with IUC

Customer Satisfaction Factor in Digital Content Marketing: Isparta Province as an Example

All visual, written and auditory contents designed according to the benefit of the consumers enable consumers to build a link between brand and product and therefore informative content regarding brand, business, product and services about the brand and the businesses themselves through digital channels can be defined as digital content marketing. Accordingly, companies are striving to create an effective and reliable content on the internet in order to gain new customers and secure existing ones. In this context, influencing consumers with content marketing is the main objective. The consumers realizing the content become the customer with the positive effect from the content. With the created content, customer satisfaction level is believed to increase as well. In the theoretical part of the study, a detailed review of the literature was presented concerning the definition of content and digital content marketing concepts, customer satisfaction factor in digital content marketing and its importance. In the administration of the study, 3rd and 4th grade students studying in Business Administration in Süleyman Demirel University located in Isparta were used as samples and an analysis of the questions belonging to content marketing perception and the customer satisfaction scales in content marketing were conducted. According to the results of the research, it is seen that the accurate and reliable content created by businesses builds high satisfaction on customers. In addition, despite the low awareness of the concept of content marketing, consumers consider features of content marketing as a key element in meeting demands and needs they require. As a result, it is understood that digital content marketing has a high significant impact on consumers, and it is thus a marketing type which needs to be focused on meticulously by brands or companies. The creation of customer loyalty with traditional marketing methods is rather difficult; however, understanding the customer, eliminating his/her needs and communicating with him/her become possible with the usage of digital content marketing. Because the aim is not to sell in digital content marketing but to stay in touch with frequent and potential customers

Phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters and nursing carePeriferik intravenöz kateterle ilişkili flebit ve hemşirelik bakımı

Phlebitis, defined as inflammation of the tunica intima, is most important of complications associated with peripheral intravenous catheters and, occurs between 0.1% and 63.3% of patients with peripheral intravenous catheter.  Phlebitis can be originated mechanical, chemical and, bacterial.  Whatever the reason, phlebitis extends the duration of hospitalization, raise the cost of treatment, causes bacteremia. There are reported to be effective some factors such as  type of catheter material, catheter size, dwell time of catheterisation, anatomical region used for catheterisation, health personnel’s ability to place the catheter, liquid flow rate, using infusion pumps, number of intravenous medication, on the development of mechanical phlebitis. Chemical phlebitis, developes due to characteristics such as pH and osmolarity of the drug and fluid infused which caused irritation of the endothelial layer through the cannula. Bacterial phlebitis, which is occured a bacterial infection of vein intima, can be a source of serious systemic infections including bacteremia. As a result, phlebitis is a complication of intravenous application, can be avoided as long as working in accordance with certain principles. The risk development of phlebitis can be minimized, in case of compliance with the standards during peripheral intravenous catheter insertion and throughout of catheterization. In this article was focused on phlebitis definition, epidemiology, risk factors and prevention of the development phlebitis for risk factors and patient care with phlebitis. ÖzetVenin tunika intima tabakasının enflamasyonu olarak tanımlanan flebit, periferik intravenöz kateterlerle ilişkili komplikasyonların en önemlisi olup, periferik intravenöz kateter takılan hastaların %0.1-%63.3’ünde görülmektedir. Flebit mekanik, kimyasal ve bakteriyel kaynaklı olabilir. Flebit nedeni ne olursa olsun hastaların yatış süresini uzatmakta, tedavi maliyetini yükseltmekte ve bakteriyemiye neden olmaktadır. Kateter materyalinin tipi, kateteterin boyutu, kateterin vende kalış süresi, kullanılan anatomik bölge, kateteri yerleştiren kişinin becerisi, sıvı akış hızı, infüzyon pompalarının kullanımı, verilen ilaçların sayısı gibi faktörlerin mekanik flebit oluşumunda etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Kimyasal flebit, kanül boyunca infüze edilen ilaç ve sıvıların pH’sı ve osmolaritesi gibi özelliklerinden dolayı venin endoteyal katmanını tahriş etmesi sonucunda gelişir. Ven intimasının bakteriyel enfeksiyonu sonucu gelişen bakteriyel flebit bakteriyemi gibi ciddi sistemik enfeksiyonların kaynağı olabilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, flebit belirli ilkelere uygun çalışıldığında intravenöz uygulamaların önlenebilir bir komplikasyonudur. Periferik intravenöz kateter takma ve izlem sırasında belirlenen standartlara uyulma hassasiyeti gösterildiği taktirde flebit gelişimi minimize edilebilir. Bu makalede, flebitin tanımı, epidemiyolojisi, risk faktörleri ve risk faktörlerine yönelik flebit gelişimini önleme önerileri ve flebit gelişen hastanın bakımı üzerinde odaklanılmıştır

Job Insecurity and Affective Commitment in Seasonal Versus Permanent Workers

Abstrac

Metastatik safra yolu kanseri olan yaşlı hastalarda optimal tedavi yaklaşımları ve prognostik faktörler

Introduction: There is a lack of evidence of the outcomes in elderly patients advanced stage biliary tract cancer due to the patients aged over 65 years are less than 25% in many prospective trials. We designed a retrospective multicenter study to evaluate the factors affecting treatment and survival in elderly patients with advanced-stage biliary tract cancer. Materials and methods: A total of 116 patients with advanced stage biliary tract cancer aged ≥65 years were included, and the treatment responses, survival, and toxicity rates were evaluated with respect to age groups Results: There was no significant difference between age and response to treatment, survival, or toxicity. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 5.3, and 11.8 months respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that ECOG PS (p<0.001 CI95% 1.5-3.7) and PNI (p<0.001 CI 95% 0.14-0.41) were significant independent prognostic factors for PFS. The independent prognostic factors for OS were choice of frontline regimen, NLR and PNI (p=0.007 CI 95% 0.71 – 0.94, p=0.006 CI 95% 1.2 – 3.1, p=0.001 CI 95% 0.35 – 0.91, respectively). Discussion: This study confirms the general prognostic relevance of inflammatory parameters and the importance of frontline treatment in elderly patients with advanced-stage biliary tract tumors. Additionally, getting older does not indicate that treatment will be avoided or that they will have a worse prognosis and suffer from more toxicities.Giriş: 65 yaş üzeri hastaların klinik çalışmaların %25’inden daha azını oluşturması nedeniyle biliyer sistem kanseri olan ileri yaş hastaların yönetimi konusunda kanıt eksiği bulunmaktadır. Bu amaçla, metastatik safra yolu kanseri tanılı yaşlı hastalarda tedaviyi ve sağkalımı etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirmek için retrospektif çok merkezli bir çalışma tasarladık. Gereç ve yöntemler: Çalışmaya 65 yaş ve üzeri, ileri evre safra yolu kanseri tanısı almış, 116 hasta dahil edildi ve yaş gruplarına göre tedavi yanıtları, sağkalım ve toksisite oranları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Median yaşa göre gruplandırılıdğında; yaş ile tedaviye yanıt, sağkalım, toksisite arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Tüm populasyonda medyan progresyonsuz sağkalım (PSK) ve genel sağkalım (GSK) sırasıyla 5.3, 11.8 aydı. Multivariate analizde, PSK için bağımsız prognostik faktörler preformans durumu(ECOG PS) (p<0.001 CI95% 1.5-3.7) ve Prognostik nutrisyonel indek (PNI) (p<0.001 CI 95% 0.14-0.41) olarak bulundu. GSK için ise bağımsız prognostik faktörler, birinci sıra tedavi seçimi, Notrofil Lenfosit oranı (p=0,007 CI %95 0,71 – 0,94) ve PNI (p=0,001 CI %95 0,35 – 0,91) olarak bulundu. Tartışma: Metastatik safra yolu kanseri olan yaşlı hastalarda prognozu etkileyen temel faktöreler inflamatuar parametreler ve birinci basamakta seçilen kemoterapi rejimidir. İleri yaş ile sağkalım, toksiste profili ve tedavi toleransı farklılık göstermemektedir

Differential Bilateral Primary Motor Cortex tDCS Fails to Modulate Choice Bias and Readiness in Perceptual Decision Making

One of the critical factors that guide choice behavior is the prior bias of the decision-maker with respect to different options, namely, the relative readiness by which the decision-maker opts for a specific choice. Although previous neuroimaging work has shown decision bias related activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, in a recent work by Javadi et al. (2015), primary motor cortex was also implicated. By applying transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), they have revealed a causal role of the primary motor cortex excitability in the induction of response time (RT) differences and decision bias in the form of choice probability. The current study aimed to replicate these recent findings with an experimental design that contained a sham group to increase experimental control and an additional testing phase to investigate the possible after-effects of tDCS. The conventional decision outputs such as choice proportion and RT were analyzed along with the theory-driven estimates of choice bias and non-decision related components of RTs (e.g., motor implementation speed of choices made). None of the statistical comparisons favored the alternative hypotheses over the null hypotheses. Consequently, previous findings regarding the effect of primary motor cortex excitability on choice bias and response times could not be replicated with a more controlled experimental design that is recommended for tDCS studies (Horvath et al., 2015). This empirical discrepancy between the two studies adds to the evidence demonstrating inconsistent effects of tDCS in establishing causal relationships between cortical excitability and motor behavior