CMOS systems and circuits for sub-degree per hour MEMS gyroscopes

The objective of our research is to develop system architectures and CMOS circuits that interface with high-Q silicon microgyroscopes to implement navigation-grade angular rate sensors. The MEMS sensor used in this work is an in-plane bulk-micromachined mode-matched tuning fork gyroscope (M² – TFG ), fabricated on silicon-on-insulator substrate. The use of CMOS transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) as front-ends in high-Q MEMS resonant sensors is explored. A T-network TIA is proposed as the front-end for resonant capacitive detection. The T-TIA provides on-chip transimpedance gains of 25MΩ, has a measured capacitive resolution of 0.02aF /√Hz at 15kHz, a dynamic range of 104dB in a bandwidth of 10Hz and consumes 400μW of power. A second contribution is the development of an automated scheme to adaptively bias the mechanical structure, such that the sensor is operated in the mode-matched condition. Mode-matching leverages the inherently high quality factors of the microgyroscope, resulting in significant improvement in the Brownian noise floor, electronic noise, sensitivity and bias drift of the microsensor. We developed a novel architecture that utilizes the often ignored residual quadrature error in a gyroscope to achieve and maintain perfect mode-matching (i.e.0Hz split between the drive and sense mode frequencies), as well as electronically control the sensor bandwidth. A CMOS implementation is developed that allows mode-matching of the drive and sense frequencies of a gyroscope at a fraction of the time taken by current state of-the-art techniques. Further, this mode-matching technique allows for maintaining a controlled separation between the drive and sense resonant frequencies, providing a means of increasing sensor bandwidth and dynamic range. The mode-matching CMOS IC, implemented in a 0.5μm 2P3M process, and control algorithm have been interfaced with a 60μm thick M2−TFG to implement an angular rate sensor with bias drift as low as 0.1°/hr ℃ the lowest recorded to date for a silicon MEMS gyro.Ph.D.Committee Chair: Farrokh Ayazi; Committee Member: Jennifer Michaels; Committee Member: Levent Degertekin; Committee Member: Paul Hasler; Committee Member: W. Marshall Leac

Technology for a Smarter Planet: The Role of Cognitive Technologies and Open Innovation.

Information technology is making the human race smarter by increasing its cognitive capacity through at least two drivers: Open Innovation and cognitive computing. Open innovation allows leveraging the wisdom of the crowds by bringing in more people into the fold through open innovation platforms, open source development and citizen science. In this sense, open innovation is enabling harnessing of the latent cognitive surplus of the human race. The dawn of the cognitive computing era on the other hand, is affording new uses of computers in organizational decision making. Specifically, IT is now enabling organizations to scan, interpret and learn from larger subsets of their informational environment hitherto considered inaccessible and un-interpretable by computers. As organizations and individuals gain this sixth sense of sorts, they can make better resource allocation decisions. In my dissertation, I study both these technology developments and their role in making organizations smarter and thus better generators of value. The underlying motivation is that better organizational decisions will allow better use of scarcer resources making the planet more sustainable. In chapter 2, a purposive theoretical framework for synthesizing the role of IT in organizational decision making is attempted. The proposed interpretive model of IT, also achieves a clear delineation between the programmable and cognitive computing eras. In chapter 3, the antecedents of predictive analytics usage within firms are explored through an empirical study. In chapter 4, an empirical study of the idea selection process within an open innovation funnel is undertaken to explore the question whether open innovation funnels prefer innovative ideas over conservative ideas.PhDBusiness AdministrationUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113545/1/asharmaz_1.pd

Normative Study on Motor Fitness Test for University Boys

The purpose of the study was to construct a motor fitness test for identification and selection of talent at university level. Various test items were selected in the initial phase which was finally reduced to a four test item battery after scientific evaluation of the items selected. The study involved 258 college boys between the age group of 17-25years belonging to various colleges of Delhi NCR, India. Percentile norms were constructed for the evaluation of motor fitness level, which could be used as standard criteria for identification and selection of potential talent at the university level. Keywords: Motor fitness, physical fitness, motor abilities, university

Production of alkaline pectinase by bacteria (Cocci sps.) isolated from decomposing fruit materials

Bacterial production of commercial enzymes, including pectinase, has always been the industrial choice. Two decomposing fruit materials (apple and oranges) were enriched to isolate pectinase producing bacteria and were screened for their pectinolytic activity. The best producer (O1, i.e. Orange 1) was characterized as Cocci sp. and studied for pectinase activity. The culture conditions were optimized for maximum enzyme production by isolate O1 and was found to be 350C at an alkaline pH of 8.0 with 120 rpm agitation (supporting aerobic conditions) and 72 hours of incubation time and required surfactant for achieving maximum enzyme activity of 13.96 U/ml in crude enzyme extracts. The study provides a strong bacterial candidate for potential industrial production of pectinase

Investigation of the K onig reaction for the determination of cyanide and thiocyanate in biological samples development of a continuous monitoring assay for rhodanese activity in biological samples.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1983

Predictive methodologies for substrate parasitic extraction and modeling in heavily doped CMOS substrates

This thesis presents an automated methodology to calibrate the substrate profile for accurate prediction of substrate parasitics using Green's function based extractors. The technique requires fabrication of only a few test structures and results in an accurate three layered approximation of a heavily doped epitaxial silicon substrate. The obtained substrate resistances are accurate to about 10% of measurements. Advantages and limitations of several common measurement techniques used to measure substrate z-parameters and resistances are discussed. A new and accurate z-parameter based macro-model has been developed that can be used up to a few GHz for P⁺ for contacts that are as close as 2μm. This enhanced model also addresses the limitations of previous models with regards to implementation aspects and ease of integration in a CAD framework. Limitations of this modeling approach have been investigated. The calibration methodology can be used along with the scalable macromodel for a qualitative pre-design and pre-layout estimation of the digital switching noise that couples though the substrate to sensitive analog/RF circuits

Visa Buy Later Pay Later

The present disclosure relates to an automated, secure and reliable payment platform that allows recurrent transactions. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to system and method for supporting recurring payments for retail and commercial purchases in a four party arrangement. The method comprises: initiating (S310) a Visa Schedule Program (VSP) for transactions based on the user’s schedule(s); providing (S320) the user 110 an ability to create, program, and cancel the schedule(s); and generating (S330) an intuitive program schedule 280, due to which the card is not stored as card on file at merchant location, preventing fraud

Machine Learning in Manufacturing: Review, Synthesis, and Theoretical Framework

There has been a paradigmatic shift in manufacturing as computing has transitioned from the programmable to the cognitive computing era. In this paper we present a theoretical framework for understanding this paradigmatic shift in manufacturing and the fast evolving role of artificial intelligence. Policy, Strategic and Operational implications are discussed. Implications for the future of strategy and operations in manufacturing are also discussed. Future research directions are presented