ДИСПОЗИЦІЙНІ ФАКТОРИ ВРАЗЛИВОСТІ, ЯКА СПРИЧИНЯЄ НАСИЛЛЯ НА РОБОЧОМУ МІСЦІ ЩОДО МЕДИЧНИХ СЕСТЕР В ШТАТАХ ОНДО І ОСУН, НІГЕРІЯ

International audiencePerceived workplace violence against nurses has become a major concern to scholars, occupational safety and health administrators. However, dispositional factors in nurses’ perception of workplace violence in Nigeria have not been sufficiently explored. This study therefore, examined dispositional factors predicting workplace violence among nurses in Ondo and Osun State, Nigeria.The study adopted the cross-sectional study across the study setting; four hundred and fifteen (415) nurses from 14 health centres consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary health centres were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire which focused on socio-demographic characteristics, perceived workplace violence (α = 0.91), trait anger (TA) (α = 0.67), negative affectivity (NA) (α = 0.96), self control (SC) (α = 0.83) was used. Data was analysed using multiple regression, one-way ANOVA, and independent t-test at p<.05 level of significance.The results reveal that the respondents’ average age was 39.89±12.12 years. Females (83.1%) constituted the larger percentage of the respondents. 64.8% were registered nurses (RN), 28.4% had Nursing degree, 3.4% had Masters’ degree and 2.4% had other qualifications. The nurse worked in the floor shifts (31.6%), critical care (22.9%), intensive care (18.3%) and the operating room (12%) units. Nurses’ trait anger (β = .15), negative affectivity (β = .13) organisational attribution style (β = .15) were significantly associated with frequent experience of perceived workplace violence.In conclusion, nursing staff dispositional traits and attribution styles makes them vulnerable to workplace violence.Понимание насилия на рабочем месте против медсестер стало серьезной проблемой для ученых, администраторов охраны труда и здоровья. Тем не менее, диспозиционные факторы, приводящие к насилием на рабочем месте по медицинских сестер в Нигерии недостаточно изучены. Таким образом, в этом исследовании рассмотрены диспозиционные факторы, которые приводят к насилию на рабочем месте среди медсестер в штате Ондо и Осун, Нигерия.В исследовании было проведено перекрестное исследование по четыреста пятнадцать (415) медсестер с 14 медицинских центров, состоящих из первичных, вторичных и третичных медицинских центров, которые были отобраны с использованием многоступенчатой ​​методики отбора проб. В исследовании были использованы структурированный опросник, который сосредоточен на социально-демографических характеристиках, восприятии насилия на рабочем месте (α = 0,91), гневе признаков (TA) (α = 0,67), отрицательной аффективности (NA) (α = 0 , 96), самоконтроле (SC) (α = 0,83). Данные анализировали с помощью множественной регрессии, односторонней ANOVA и независимого t-теста на р <0,05 уровня значимости.Результаты показывают, что средний возраст респондентов составил 39,89 ± 12,12 лет. Женщины (83,1%) составляли больший процент респондентов. 64,8% были зарегистрированы медсестрами (RN), 28,4% имели степень медсестринства, 3,4% имели степень магистра и 2,4% имели другие квалификации. Медсестра работала в смещениях на полу (31,6%), критической (22,9%), реанимационной (18,3%) и операционной (12%). Состояния гнева медсестер (β = 0,15), негативная аффективность (β = .13) стиля организационной атрибуции (β = .15) существенно ассоциировались с частым опытом восприятия насилия на рабочем месте.Наконец, диспозиционные состояния и характеристики сестринского персонала делают их уязвимыми к насилию на рабочем месте.Розуміння насильства на робочому місці проти медсестр стало серйозною проблемою для науковців, адміністраторів охорони праці та здоров’я. Тим не менш, диспозиційні фактори, що призводять до насильством на робочому місці щодо медичних сестер в Нігерії недостатньо вивчені. Таким чином, у цьому дослідженні розглянуті диспозиційні фактори, які призводять до насильства на робочому місці серед медсестр у штаті Ондо і Осун, Нігерія.У дослідженні було проведено перехресне дослідження щодо чотириста п’ятнадцяти (415) медсестр з 14 медичних центрів, що складаються з первинних, вторинних та третинних медичних центрів, які були відібрані з використанням багатоступеневої методики відбору проб. У дослідженні було використано структурований опитувальник, який зосереджувався на соціально-демографічних характеристиках, сприйнятті насильства на робочому місці (α = 0,91), гніві ознак (TA) (α = 0,67), негативній афективності (NA) (α = 0,96), самоконтролі (SC) (α = 0,83). Дані аналізували за допомогою множинної регресії, односторонньої ANOVA і незалежного t-тесту на р <0,05 рівня значущості.Результати показують, що середній вік респондентів становив 39,89 ± 12,12 років. Жінки (83,1%) становили більший відсоток респондентів. 64,8% були зареєстрованими медсестрами (RN), 28,4% мали ступінь медсестринства, 3,4% мали ступінь магістра та 2,4% мали інші кваліфікації. Медсестра працювала в зміщеннях на підлозі (31,6%), критичній (22,9%), реанімаційній (18,3%) та операційній (12%). Стани гніву медсестр (β = 0,15), негативна афективність (β = .13) стилю організаційної атрибуції (β = .15) суттєво асоціювалися з частим досвідом сприйняття насильства на робочому місці.Нарешті, диспозиційні стани та характеристики сестринського персоналу роблять їх вразливими до насильства на робочому місці

Personality Traits and Ethical Belief as Factors Influencing Fraud Intent Behaviour Among Bank Employees in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Fraud is an ever-growing problem for financial institutions in Nigeria, with criminals using a wide variety of methods. Unfortunately, employees were fingered in most of these fraudulent activities. Previous studies focused on contextual and organizational antecedents of motivating engagement in fraudulent practices and less on employees' dispositional factors. This study examined the role of personality traits and ethical beliefs on fraudulent behaviour among bank employees. The study was a cross-sectional study. Three hundred and fifty-three (353) employees in the middle to junior level management cadre were selected through stratified sampling technique from banking organisations operating in the Ibadan metropolis. The respondents responded to a self-report questionnaire measuring fraudulent behaviour intention and red flags; personality traits and Ethical position questionnaire. Two hypotheses were tested using multiple regression, Pearson correlation analysis and ANOVA at p≤0.05. Results demonstrated that conscientiousness personality trait was the only predictor of fraud intent behaviour among the personality variables. Employees with Absolutist ethical principles reported lower fraud intent behaviour than those with subjectivist ethical philosophy. The study concludes that personality traits and ethical beliefs were powerful motivators for fraud behavior. Thus, fraud and HR experts were enjoined to utilize psychological profiles in fraud investigations and selection of employees

Right Heart Transvalvular Embolus with High Risk Pulmonary Embolism in a Recently Hospitalized Patient: A Case Report of a Therapeutic Challenge

Thrombus-in-transit is not uncommon in pulmonary embolism but Right Heart Transvalvular Embolus (RHTVE) complicating this is rare. A 54-year-old obese male with recent hospitalization presented with severe dyspnea and collapse. Initial investigations revealed elevated d-dimer and troponin. CTA showed saddle pulmonary embolus and bedside echocardiogram revealed right ventricular (RV) pressure overload and dilatation (RV > 41 mm), McConnell’s sign, and mobile echodensity attached to tricuspid valve. Patient was immediately resuscitated and promptly transferred for surgical embolectomy under cardiopulmonary bypass. A long segment of embolus traversing through the tricuspid valve and extensive bilateral pulmonary artery embolus were removed. IVC filter was placed for a persistent right lower extremity DVT. Hypercoagulable work-up was negative. Patient continued to do well after discharge on Coumadin. Open embolectomy offers great promises where there is no consensus in optimal management approach in such patients. Bedside echocardiogram is vital in risk stratification and deciding choice of advanced PE treatment

Obstructive sleep apnea and dyslipidemia: evidence and underlying mechanism

Introduction Over the past half century, evidence has been accumulating on the emergence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most prevalent sleep-disordered breathing, as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A significant body of research has been focused on elucidating the complex interplay between OSA and cardiovascular risk factors, including dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus that portend increased morbidity and mortality in susceptible individuals. Conclusion Although a clear causal relationship of OSA and dyslipidemia is yet to be demonstrated, there is increasing evidence that chronic intermittent hypoxia, a major component of OSA, is independently associated and possibly the root cause of the dyslipidemia via the generation of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1 and reactive oxygen species, peroxidation of lipids, and sympathetic system dysfunction. The aim of this review is to highlight the relationship between OSA and dyslipidemia in the development of atherosclerosis and present the pathophysiologic mechanisms linking its association to clinical disease. Issues relating to epidemiology, confounding factors, significant gaps in research and future directions are also discussed

Analysis of STEMI and NSTEMI in a Community Cohort of Marijuana Users

BACKGROUND: Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States. Current research has yet to come to a consensus on its association with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Herein, we aimed to analyze how marijuana use relates to acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI). METHODS: Using a retrospective study design, we gathered data from August 2014 to September 2020 on all percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) done at Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center (BUHMC) in patients with NSTEMI and STEMI. To compare marijuana users (MUs) with non-users, t-tests and Chi-square tests were used. A total of 195 patients were included, with mean age at presentation of 47 years old; 59 were females (30.3%) and 136 were males (69.7%). We identified 37 patients who were MUs. MUs were younger than non-users (P < 0.01), had higher rates of alcohol (P = 0.025), opiate (P = 0.004) and cigarette (P ≤ 0.001) use. On admission, MUs had lower creatinine (P = 0.031), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0.031), pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (PBNP) (P = 0.052), BMI (P = 0.014) and lower right coronary artery (RCA) disease (P = 0.026). RESULTS: After logistic regression analyses, results showed that the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and admission diagnosis of STEMI or NSTEMI were not found to be significantly related to marijuana use. Age, alcohol, cigarette, creatinine, BUN, PBNP, BMI and RCA disease were significantly related to marijuana use. There was a negative correlation between marijuana use and RCA disease (MUs = 29.7% vs. non-users = 50%, P = 0.026). There was no significant association with STEMI, NSTEMI or the severity of CAD. CONCLUSION: As daily cannabis use is on the rise, more researches are needed to further determine the effects of marijuana use on CAD

Relationship between the Soluble F11 Receptor and Annexin A5 in African Americans Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, increased thrombogenicity, and inflammation. The soluble human F11 receptor (sF11R) and annexin A5 (ANXA5) play crucial roles in inflammatory thrombosis and atherosclerosis. We examined the relationship between circulating sF11R and ANXA5 and their impact on endothelial function. The study included 125 patients with T2DM. Plasma levels of sF11R and ANXA5 were quantified by ELISA. Microvascular function was assessed using the vascular reactivity index (VRI). Large artery stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was assessed by B-mode ultrasound imaging. The mean age of patients in the study was 59.7 &plusmn; 7.8 years, 78% had hypertension, 76% had dyslipidemia, and 12% had CKD. sF11R correlated positively with ANXA5 levels (&beta; = 0.250, p = 0.005), and correlated inversely with VRI and total nitic oxide (NO), (&beta; = &minus;0.201, p = 0.024; &beta; = &minus;0.357, p = 0.0001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that sF11R was independently associated with ANXA5 in the total population and in patients with HbA1c &gt; 6.5% (&beta; = 0.366, p = 0.007; &beta; = 0.425, p = 0.0001, respectively). sF11R and ANXA5 were not associated with vascular outcome, suggesting that they may not be reliable markers of vascular dysfunction in diabetes. The clinical significance of sF11R/ANXA5 association in diabetes warrants further investigation in a larger population