New York High Line as Urban Catalyst: Impact to Neighbourhood

[EN] The High Line, an abandoned elevated railway structure on Lower Manhattan's West-side, converted into the public park is among the most innovative urban renovation projects. The meatpacking district with industrial taste, transformed to one of the most fashionable areas in New York would not be realized without the impact of this unique Urban Park, the high Line. The story of how it came to be is a remarkable one: two young citizens with no prior experience in planning and development collaborated with their neighbors, elected officials, artists, local business owners, and leaders of burgeoning movements in horticulture and landscape architecture to create a park celebrated worldwide as a model for creatively designed, socially vibrant, ecologically sound public space. 5 millions of visitors are counted annually. The research will clarify the process of the High Line’s execution, its mechanism of urban transform, and impact to the neighborhood chronologically, and will discuss and theorize this urban regeneration as an outcome of catalytic effect of Urban Green Space.Aitani, K.; Sathaye, V. (2018). New York High Line as Urban Catalyst: Impact to Neighbourhood. En 24th ISUF International Conference. Book of Papers. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1665-1672. https://doi.org/10.4995/ISUF2017.2017.5882OCS1665167

Mathematical Modelling Method Application for Optimisation of Catalytic Reforming process

The application of mathematical modelling method monitoring of catalytic reforming unit of Komsomolsk oil-refinery is proposed. The mathematical model-based system “Catalyst's Control” which takes into account both the physical and chemical mechanisms of hydrocarbon mixture conversion reaction as well as the catalyst deactivation was used for catalytic reforming installation monitoring. The models created can be used for optimization and prediction of operating parameters (octane number, reactors outlet temperature and yield) of the reforming process. It is shown, that the work on the optimal activity allows increasing product output with a constant level of production costs, and get the information about Pt-Re catalyst work efficiency

Inhibitory effect of green coffee bean extract on fat accumulation and body weight gain in mice

BACKGROUND: An epidemiological study conducted in Italy indicated that coffee has the greatest antioxidant capacity among the commonly consumed beverages. Green coffee bean is rich in chlorogenic acid and its related compounds. The effect of green coffee bean extract (GCBE) on fat accumulation and body weight in mice was assessed with the objective of investigating the effect of GCBE on mild obesity. METHODS: Male ddy mice were fed a standard diet containing GCBE and its principal constituents, namely, caffeine and chlorogenic acid, for 14 days. Further, hepatic triglyceride (TG) level was also investigated after consecutive administration (13 days) of GCBE and its constituents. To examine the effect of GCBE and its constituents on fat absorption, serum TG changes were evaluated in olive oil-loaded mice. In addition, to investigate the effect on hepatic TG metabolism, carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) activity in mice was evaluated after consecutive ingestion (6 days) of GCBE and its constituents (caffeine, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid and feruloylquinic acid mixture). RESULTS: It was found that 0.5% and 1% GCBE reduced visceral fat content and body weight. Caffeine and chlorogenic acid showed a tendency to reduce visceral fat and body weight. Oral administration of GCBE (100 and 200 mg/kg· day) for 13 days showed a tendency to reduce hepatic TG in mice. In the same model, chlorogenic acid (60 mg/kg· day) reduced hepatic TG level. In mice loaded with olive oil (5 mL/kg), GCBE (200 and 400 mg/kg) and caffeine (20 and 40 mg/kg) reduced serum TG level. GCBE (1%), neochlorogenic acid (0.028% and 0.055%) and feruloylquinic acid mixture (0.081%) significantly enhanced hepatic CPT activity in mice. However, neither caffeine nor chlorogenic acid alone was found to enhance CPT activity. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GCBE is possibly effective against weight gain and fat accumulation by inhibition of fat absorption and activation of fat metabolism in the liver. Caffeine was found to be a suppressor of fat absorption, while chlorogenic acid was found to be partially involved in the suppressive effect of GCBE that resulted in the reduction of hepatic TG level. Phenolic compounds such as neochlorogenic acid and feruloylquinic acid mixture, except chlorogenic acid, can enhance hepatic CPT activity

Maximization of propylene in an industrial FCC unit

YesThe FCC riser cracks gas oil into useful fuels such as gasoline, diesel and some lighter products such as ethylene and propylene, which are major building blocks for the polyethylene and polypropylene production. The production objective of the riser is usually the maximization of gasoline and diesel, but it can also be to maximize propylene. The optimization and parameter estimation of a six-lumped catalytic cracking reaction of gas oil in FCC is carried out to maximize the yield of propylene using an optimisation framework developed in gPROMS software 5.0 by optimizing mass flow rates and temperatures of catalyst and gas oil. The optimal values of 290.8 kg/s mass flow rate of catalyst and 53.4 kg/s mass flow rate of gas oil were obtained as propylene yield is maximized to give 8.95 wt%. When compared with the base case simulation value of 4.59 wt% propylene yield, the maximized propylene yield is increased by 95%

Experimental Studies on Double and Triple Drug Resistant Tubercle Bacilli 2. The percentage of three drug resistant clone of the so-called triple resistant strains appearing in three different media

In order to find out the actual percentage of the triple resistant clones of the so-called three-drug resistant strains, isolated from 15 patients, the author conducted a series of culture of these bacilli by the combined medium method and also by the cross culture method of a single clone, and obtained the following results. 1. The percentage of the three-drug resistant clone in the three drug medium proved to be 4.2 per cent in the medium composed of 10γ SM-1γ PAS-1γ INH; 7.2 per cent in the medium of 100γ SM-10γ PAS-1γ INH; and 2.0 per cent in the medium of 100γ SM-100γ PAS-10γ INH, demonstrating the percentage lower than in the case of the double resistant strain as described in the previous report. 2. In the case with the cross culture of a single clone, the percentage of the triple resistant bacilli is 10.0 per cent in the medium of 10γ SM-1γ PAS-1γ INH; 6.0 per cent in the medium of 100γ SM-10γ PAS-1γ INH; and 2.5 per cent in the medium of 100γ SM-100γ PAS-10γ INH, showing the values close to those in the combined medium culture. 3. The percentage of each triple resistant strain is a little less than the product of the percentage of three individual clones. 4. It is difficult to carry on the successive transplantation of any one of these triple resistant strains, and this seems to be due to a marked decrease in their proliferating power

Experimental Studies on Double and Triple Drug Resistant Tubercle Bacilli 3. A study on the virulency of double and triple drug resistant tubercle bacilli

With the purpose to study the degree of virulency of various drug resistant tubercle bacilli, the author injected true double and triple resistant tubercle bacilli obtained from tuberclous patients and also H(37)Rv double and triple resistant strain intraperitoneally into guinea pigs and compared their virulency. 1. On comparing the results of the group inoculated with double resistant bacilli with those in the group injected with susceptible tubercle bacilli, the virulency in the former group was markedly diminished. As for the difference in the virulency of double resistant bacilli according to the combination of drugs, a considerable fall in the virulency can be recognized in the combination of SM-PAS, but the decrease in the virulency is still greater in such combinations as SM-INH and PAS-INH that include INH. In other words, the virulency is controlled and represented by PAS resistance in the case of SM-PAS, whereas it is by INH resistance in the case of SM-INH and PAS-INH. In addition, in the combinations of SM-INH and PAS-INH about the some degree of the decrese in virulency can be recognized on the contrary to expectation, showing hardly any difference between the two. 2. There can be seen about the same degree of the fall in the virulency of the group inoculated with the double resistant bacilli obtained from patients and in that injected with H(37)Rv double resistent strain, showing on significant difference. 3. In the group inoculated with triple resistant bacilli the fall in the virulency is still greater than in the case with double resistant bacilli. Especially so in the triple resistant bacilli that is more resistant to INH. 4. There can be recognized no significant difference in the fall of virulency between the group inoculated with bacilli obtained from patients and the group injected with H(37)Rv triple resistant bacilli. 5. Really, the fall in the virulency of double or triple resistant bacilli is dependent on the drug resistance of the bacilli against INH or PAS, especially on the resistance against INH