Hepatoprotective effect of Alhagi sparsifolia against Alcoholic Liver injury in mice

Overconsumption of alcohol leads to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Natural compounds have been investigated previously for their hepatoprotective activities against liver injury. This study investigated the protective effect of Alhagi sparsifolia on ALD. Alcohol was administered to mice for three consecutive days; either alone or in combination with Alhagi sparsifolia extract (150, 300, 600 mg/kg). Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase as biomarkers of liver injury, the content of malonaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glutathione which indicated the redox status of liver and the antioxidant enzyme activity of super oxide dismutase were detected, respectively. Moreover, the expression of protein cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) the key enzyme of alcohol metabolism, and also tested by western blot experiment. Subsequently, the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors including TNF- α and TLR4 was determined real-time PCR. Results showed that Alhagi sparsifolia significantly alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing serum ALT and AST, inhibiting MDA and H2O2 content, increasing SOD, and GSH level in the liver (P< 0.05). In addition, the Alhagi sparsifolia treatment inhibited the expression of CYP2E1 (P< 0.05). The results suggest that Alhagi sparsifolia could be a promising natural substance for ameliorating acute alcohol-induced oxidative stress and hepatic injury

Protective effect of Alhagi sparsifolia against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice

Purpose: To investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Alhagi sparsifolia extract against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice.Methods: Three doses of Alhagi sparsifolia (600, 300 and 150 mg/kg) were were administered to separate groups of mice orally once a day for three days. One-hour after the last dose, APAP (300 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected. Liver tissue was taken and tested for levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) as biomarkers of liver injury; malonaldehyde (MDA); hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); glutathione (GSH) as an indicator of liver redox; and antioxidant enzyme activity using super oxide dismutase (SOD) assay. Additionally, western blotting was used to measure the expression of protein cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) as the key enzyme of APAP metabolism.Results: Blood serum of ALT and AST and levels of CYP2E1 were markedly reduced, while the levels of MDA, H2O2, and SOD were elevated in a dose-dependent manner in mice treated with Alhagi sparsifolia compared to control group treated with APAP alone.Conclusion: The results demonstrate that Alhagi sparsifolia protects mice liver tissue against APAPinduced hepatic injury partly via decreased oxidative stress and inhibition of CYP2E1 expression.Keywords: Alhagi sparsifolia, Polysaccharide, Acetaminophen, CYP2E1, Antioxidan

Hepatoprotective effect of Alhagi sparsifolia against Alcoholic Liver injury in mice

Overconsumption of alcohol leads to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Natural compounds have been investigated previously for their hepatoprotective activities against liver injury. This study investigated the protective effect of Alhagi sparsifolia on ALD. Alcohol was administered to mice for three consecutive days; either alone or in combination with Alhagi sparsifolia extract (150, 300, 600 mg/kg). Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase as biomarkers of liver injury, the content of malonaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glutathione which indicated the redox status of liver and the antioxidant enzyme activity of super oxide dismutase were detected, respectively. Moreover, the expression of protein cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) the key enzyme of alcohol metabolism, and also tested by western blot experiment. Subsequently, the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors including TNF- α and TLR4 was determined real-time PCR. Results showed that Alhagi sparsifolia significantly alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing serum ALT and AST, inhibiting MDA and H2O2 content, increasing SOD, and GSH level in the liver (P< 0.05). In addition, the Alhagi sparsifolia treatment inhibited the expression of CYP2E1 (P< 0.05). The results suggest that Alhagi sparsifolia could be a promising natural substance for ameliorating acute alcohol-induced oxidative stress and hepatic injury

绿洲—沙漠过渡带柽柳灌丛沙堆表面的蚀、积特征/The Surface Erosion-Deposition Characteristic of Tamarix Ramosissima Nebkhas in Cele Oasis-Desert Ecotone[J]

灌丛沙堆表面的蚀、积特征直接影响着沙堆的形成和发育,是研究灌丛沙堆的重要方面.选择策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带内半固定沙地和流动沙地上的各一个独立柽柳沙堆作为表面蚀、积特征的定点观测对象,运用地形测量结合插钎法对每场大风后沙堆表面的蚀、积量与蚀、积分布状况进行计算分析.结果表明:(1)处于半固定沙地的柽柳沙堆,整体蚀、积空间分布规律不显著且蚀、积量相对较少,以微弱的蚀、积变化为显著特征,形态相对稳定.与之相对,处于流动沙地的柽柳沙堆,整体具有显著的空间分布规律和较高的蚀、积强度,这表明柽柳沙堆所处环境的沙源供给强度是控制沙堆单体规模的主要因素之一.(2)伴随着柽柳灌丛开始萌动到逐渐形成一定的灌丛覆盖,沙堆表面由大面积侵蚀逐步转为积沙,风蚀退缩到沙堆两侧且总体上沙堆体积在年内呈先减小后增大的波动状态.(3)柽柳灌丛沙堆以灌丛内部具有覆盖的保护区域及背风侧大面积稳定积沙,迎风和两侧区域强烈风蚀为主要蚀、积分布特征