The Changing Landscape of International Migration : Evidence from Rural Households in Bangladesh, 2000-2014

Using unique data on rural households in Bangladesh for the period 2000–2014, this study aims to explore whether the socio-economic characteristics of the beneficiary households of international migration have changed over time. Our analysis shows that household education and asset levels are important determinants of international migration, particularly in earlier years. We also find that less educated and less wealthy households did take part in migration, albeit slowly, in recent time. In addition, social network facilitating migration within community is a key contributor to migration, but its predictive power declines over time. These findings suggest that entry barriers to international migration, resulting from paucity of financial, human and social capital endowment, have decreased over time. We also explore possible causes for such changes, including persistent demand for low-skilled workers in major destination countries, increasing domestic demand for educated workers, and increasing access to loans and grants to finance migration.This work was supported by the JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15J11506.http://www.grips.ac.jp/list/jp/facultyinfo/otsuka_keijiro

Narratives of a Fallen Army: Japanese Veterans' Concepts of Defeat and War Crimes Responsibility in World War Two

The Japanese military experienced different types of defeat in World War Two (WWII) both during and after the war, including loss in battles and war crimes trials. This dissertation analyses Japanese veterans’ postwar narratives in relation to the concepts of defeat and addresses the issue of war crimes responsibility, particularly for civilian massacres during WWII. My thesis focuses on former Japanese infantry regiments whose members committed civilian massacres in the Malaya Peninsula, the Philippines, and Burma and were tried by the British and US/Philippine forces between 1946 and 1948. My dissertation examines group narratives of these regiments, utilising war crimes trial records and postwar regimental histories (rentaishi) and war memoirs (rentaisenki) compiled from the 1970s to the 1990s. Despite the different times of compilation, these regiments present similar recurring themes in their narratives, including glorious deeds, operational justification, rectification of the Allied trials, sacrificial dedication to their country, living through the deadly battleground, and glorious ends of regiments. Behind these narratives was the continuation of wartime military values into the postwar period, which had helped to justify war crimes both during and after the war. This thesis shows that different types of defeat shaped their postwar narratives in such a way as to alleviate negative sentiments resulting from defeat and, for some group narratives, avoid accepting responsibility for war crimes. My research contributes to the cultural history of military defeat by illustrating Japanese veterans’ responses to the issue of responsibility for war crimes. Analysis of their postwar narratives in the frame of the military defeat can provide a deep understanding of the inadequacy of some Japanese veterans in acknowledging atrocities as groups.European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) grant agreement No. 313382, Travel and Research Grants from St Catharine’s College, Graduate Support Funds from Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation Research Grant (No. 4598), Aoi Global Research Award, John Crump Studentship of the British Association for Japanese Studie

The Changing Landscape of International Migration: Evidence from Rural Households in Bangladesh, 2000-2014

While international migration is increasingly recognized as a key driver of development, evidence suggests that the poor cannot readily take part in international migration due to the high placement cost. Using unique data on rural households in Bangladesh for the period 2000–2014, this study explores whether the socio-economic characteristics of the beneficiary households of international migration have changed over time. Our analysis shows that household education and asset levels are important determinants of international migration, particularly in earlier years. We also find that less educated and less wealthy households did take part in migration, albeit slowly, in recent time. In addition, social network facilitating migration within community is a key contributor to migration, but its predictive power declines over time. These findings suggest that entry barriers to international migration, resulting from paucity of financial, human and social capital endowment, have decreased over time. We also explore possible causes for such changes, including persistent demand for low-skilled workers in major destination countries, increasing domestic demand for educated workers, and increasing access to loans and grants to finance migration

The Changing Landscape of International Migration: Evidence from Rural Households in Bangladesh, 2000-2014

While international migration is increasingly recognized as a key driver of development, evidence suggests that the poor cannot readily take part in international migration due to the high placement cost. Using unique data on rural households in Bangladesh for the period 2000–2014, this study explores whether the socio-economic characteristics of the beneficiary households of international migration have changed over time. Our analysis shows that household education and asset levels are important determinants of international migration, particularly in earlier years. We also find that less educated and less wealthy households did take part in migration, albeit slowly, in recent time. In addition, social network facilitating migration within community is a key contributor to migration, but its predictive power declines over time. These findings suggest that entry barriers to international migration, resulting from paucity of financial, human and social capital endowment, have decreased over time. We also explore possible causes for such changes, including persistent demand for low-skilled workers in major destination countries, increasing domestic demand for educated workers, and increasing access to loans and grants to finance migration

Exploring factors associated with frequency of positive reframing for workers : A longitudinal study

本研究では, 労働者の肯定的再解釈コーピングを促進する要因について, 探索的に検討した。中国地方のエネルギー関連会社に勤務する労働者97名を対象に, 2週間の間隔を置いて, 2回の質問紙調査を実施した(T1, T2)。T1時点における各変数間の相関分析の結果, ストレッサーでは仕事の適性度が高いほど, 心理的ストレス反応では抑うつ感が低く, 活気, ポジティブ感情が高いほど, ソーシャルサポートでは配偶者・家族・友人からのサポートが多いほど, 肯定的再解釈が実行されやすいことが明らかになった。T1時点の仕事の適性度, 抑うつ感, ポジティブ感情, 配偶者・家族・友人からのサポートを説明変数, T2時点の肯定的再解釈を基準変数とする共分散構造分析の結果, ポジティブ感情から肯定的再解釈への有意な正の直接効果のみが認められた。以上のことから, 肯定的再解釈の実行には, 特にポジティブ感情が促進的な効果を及ぼしている可能性が示唆された

Social skills and the number of playmates among elementary school students

The relationship between social skills and the number of playmates among elementary school students was investigated. Elementary school students (n = 147) were asked about their social skills and the number of their playmates, as well as about the contents of their play. Social skills were classified into three categories: "empathic and supportive skills," "active and assertive skills," and "teasing and obstructive skills." Structural equation modeling was performed with the three categories of social skills as independent variables and the number of playmates as the dependent variable. Results indicated that empathic and supportive skills, as well as teasing and obstructive skills had a positive relationship, whereas active and assertive skills had a negative relationship with the number of playmates. We conclude that empathic and supportive skills are useful for increasing the number of playmates among elementary school students

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Risk of Adverse Skin Reactions to Radiation in Patients Undergoing Breast-conserving Therapy: Single-institution Analysis

Abstract category: TR-11 Translational research- biomarkersASTRO\u27s 53th Annual Meetin