Leadership on Performance vs. Mediating Effect on Job Satisfaction: Evidence From Higher Educational Institutions in Pakistan

This study aims to determine how transactional leadership influences organizational performance with a mediating effect on employees’ job satisfaction. The theoretical and numerical link between these variables of the research topic is highlighted in this study. Quantitative information is gathered for the study utilizing a random sampling method. The HODs of the academic institutions in the Gujranwala region filled out 290 questionnaires that were used to collect the data. Two hundred seventy-two can be used while the remaining are partly filed. Smart PLS 4 was used to examine the data’s validity and verify the correlations between the research variables. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire, which was used to gather the data, may be assessed by how precisely the findings were analyzed. Based on data generated by the “smart PLS 4 program,” an organization’s success depends on its leadership practices, and the mediating variable positively correlates with transactional leadership. This is a unique study for the educational sector of the Gujranwala region, Pakistan, and it calls for more research on leadership and organizational performance

Molecular characterization of Pakistani wheat cultivars using random markers

The genetic diversity among fifteen varieties of wheat was studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA  (RAPD) analysis. By applying 20 RAPD primers, 182 fragments were amplified, out of which 118 were  polymorphic (64.84%). The number of fragments amplified per primer ranged from 10 to 24 with an average of  17 fragments per primer. Primer K-17 produced the maximum number of fragments (24) and all the fragments  were polymorphic. Range of polymorphism percentage was from as low as 0% (I to 15) to as high as 100%  (K-11). The number of fragments produced per wheat genotype varied from 36 to 56 with an average of 47.2  fragments per genotype. The variety Shahkar-95 produced maximum number of fragments (56). Cluster  analysis classified fifteen varieties of wheat into two main groups; three varieties were placed in group I and  the rest of the varieties were placed in group II. Second group (group II) was further divided into three  subgroups; IIA, IIB and IIC. The pair wise similarity values ranged from 54.88 to 82.93% and showed that  genotypes Kohinoor-83 and Pak-81 were the closest with highest similarity value (82.93%), while genotypes Kohinoor-83 and Kohistan-97 were most distinct with minimum similarity value (54.88%).Key words: Cultivar, polymorphism, random amplification of polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (RAPD), cluster analysis, genotype

Women in the Whirlpool: Traversing the Tie-up of Personality and Work-Life Balance of Pakistani Academicians

This research strives to explain the impact of personality type on the work-life balance of women academicians. With the positivist paradigm and quantitative approach, this study has been conducted with a survey methodology. Data was collected from 362 women academicians on adopted instruments and analyzed with multiple regression and ANOVA tests. Results revealed a positive effect of agreeableness, extraversion, and openness personality types on work-life balance. Those women academicians who are with agreeableness personalities are more in a capacity to manage their work-life balance. The results also show a difference in managing the work-life balance between those who are single and married, those who belong to a nuclear family, and those who belong to joint or extended families. This study will facilitate them to develop the personality type which has more capacity to manage work-life balance. It will help policymakers to facilitate women academicians to ensure better work-life balance.JEL Classification: M12How to Cite:Shahin, S., Baloch, M. N., Shaikh, N., Ibrahim, I., & Abbassi, A. A. (2021). Women in the Whirlpool: Traversing the Tie-up of Personality and Work-Life Balance of Pakistani Academicians. Etikonomi, 20(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.17272

Loading of anticancer drug anastrozole using Fe3O4@SiO2

Anastrozole is a prescription drug that is used to treat hormone-dependent breast cancer, mostly in women who have gone through menopause. Once a day, it is taken by mouth. Anastrozole stops the activity of an enzyme called aromatase, which changes androgens into oestrogens. But taking the drug often comes with side effects that depend on how much you take, such as tiredness, diarrhea, hot flashes, nausea, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and so on. Anastrozole has also been linked to other side effects and more bone loss. To overcome the side effects of anastrozole and for their efficient delivery anastrozole must be loaded on the surfaces which is biocompatible and stable towards human body. So, the co-precipitation method was used to make iron oxide nanoparticles, which were then covered with silica using the Stober method. The made Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposite was taken out as a black powder and studied using FTIR, EDX, and SEM. The SEM picture showed that the Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles size ranges were between 30 and 45 nm and 55 to 70 nm respectively. We also looked at how contact time, pH, and the amount of nanocomposite affected the loading of the drug. The best adsorption (85.6%) happened when the reaction lasted 12 h, the pH was 4, and the adsorbent dose was 10 mg

The Changing Role of Urdu News Media with Digital Communication in Pakistan

The growing use of digital media has influenced significantly the communication channels of society during recent years in the globe. The media and communication in Pakistan is transforming with information technology. The marvelous boost of digital media devices has changed the communication channels. With digital media revolution, the people in society who formerly had no chance to participate, now they have a great opportunity of to contribute. They can give feedback on news content, comment on stories and share information. If we talk about Urdu news in Pakistan, technology has not left it unchanged. The great revolution in technological field has modified the way public receives information on various aspects. This research work will boost our understanding of how effects of fast spreading technological means have affected traditional modes of Urdu news. During the past decades, western world has got a great benefit from immense development in information communication technology. Furthermore, developing world is widely seen accepting access to internet computer and mobile phone technology. Today's media organizations are extensively using various technological sources. This study also explore the phenomenon of adoption of information technology, role played by media in this digital age and to address the global audience and news collection, influence of internet and extent of freedom of expression to which it has impacted todays media in accessing and delivering information. Though traditional modes of information have got a great jolt by new digital platform and have brought great opportunities for information gathering ofUrdu news in Pakistan.</p

Go Together: Bridging the Gap between Learners and Teachers

After the pandemic, humanity has been facing different types of challenges. Social relationships, societal values, and academic and professional behavior have been hit the most. People are shifting their routines to social media and gadgets, and getting addicted to their isolation. This sudden change in their lives has caused an unusual social breakdown and endangered their mental health. In mid-2021, Pakistan's first Human Library was established under HelpingMind to overcome these effects. Despite online sessions and webinars, HelpingMind needs technology to reach the masses. In this work, we customized the UI or UX of a Go Together Mobile Application (GTMA) to meet the requirements of the client organization. A very interesting concept of the book (expert listener or psychologist) and the reader is introduced in GTMA. It offers separate dashboards, separate reviews or rating systems, booking, and venue information to engage the human reader with his or her favorite human book. The loyalty program enables the members to avail discounts through a mobile application and its membership is global where both the human-reader and human-books can register under the platform. The minimum viable product has been approved by our client organization

Parametric analysis of wax printing technique for fabricating microfluidic paper-based analytic devices (µPAD) for milk adulteration analysis

Accurate prediction of hydrophobic–hydrophilic channel barriers is essential in the fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices. This research presents a detailed parametric analysis of wax printing technique for fabricating µPADs. Utilizing commonly used Grade 1 filter paper, experimental results show that the wax spreading in the paper porous structure depends on the initially deposited wax line thickness, a threshold melting temperature and melting time. Initial width of the printed line has a linear relationship with the final width of the barrier; however, a less pronounced effect of temperature was observed. Based on the spreading behavior of the molten wax at different parameters, a generalized regression model has been developed and validated experimentally. The developed model accurately predicts wax spreading in Whatman filter paper: a non-uniform distribution of pores and fibers. Finally, tests were carried out for calorimetric detection of commonly used adulterants present in milk samples

Elucidation of Seismic Soil Liquefaction Significant Factors

The paper develops a framework to analyze the interactions among seismic soil liquefaction significant factors using the interpretive structural model (ISM) approach based on cone penetration test. To identify the contextual relationships among the significant factors, systematic literature review approach was used bearing in mind the selection principle. Since multiple factors influence seismic soil liquefaction, determining all factors in soil liquefaction would be extremely difficult, as even a few seismic soil liquefaction factors are not easy to deal with. This study highlighted two main characteristics of seismic soil liquefaction factors. First, the seismic soil liquefaction factors–peak ground acceleration F2 (amax), equivalent clean sand penetration resistance F5 (qc1Ncs), and thickness of soil layer F11 (Ts) influenced soil liquefaction directly and were located at level 2 (top level) in the ISM model, meaning they require additional seismic soil liquefaction factors except thickness of soil layer F11 (Ts) to collaboratively impact on soil liquefaction potential. The multilevel hierarchy reveals that depth of soil deposit F10 (Ds) is formed the base of ISM hierarchy. Secondly, Matrice d’impacts croisés multiplication appliqués à un classement (MICMAC) analysis has been employed for evaluating these identified factors in accordance with driving power and dependence power. Factors with a higher driving power should be given special consideration. Autonomous soil liquefaction factors have no reliance on other soil liquefaction factors and interfere less. In order to identify the significant factors that affect seismic soil liquefaction susceptibility, the model built in this study clearly illustrates the complex relationships between factors and demonstrates the direct and indirect relationships

Sectorial study of technological progress and CO 2 emission: Insights from a developing economy

ABSTRACT(#br)Many studies have stated that technological progress is an important driver of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and energy consumption. However, the sectorial differences in the relationship between CO 2 emission and technological progress have been understudied by scholars. This study attempts to fill such gap by empirically investigating the impact of technological progress on CO 2 emissions. A quantile regression method and balanced national data from Pakistan covering the period of 1991–2017 are used to establish relationships among the variables. The results and analysis reveal that the agriculture and services sectors have a negative impact on CO 2 emissions, whereas the construction, manufacturing, and transportation sectors greatly contribute to these emissions. The lower, medium, and upper-level emitters are used to understand the percentile conditions of each variable. A scenario analysis is also performed to forecast the reduction proportion of CO 2 emissions for the best understanding and policy implication in 2030, 2035, and 2040. The results of this study provide useful insights into the relationship between technological progress and CO 2 emissions and suggest different scenarios for reducing CO 2 emissions in the future that can support policy makers and planners