Military jet pilots have higher p-wave dispersions compared to the transport aircraft aircrew

Objectives: For the purpose of flight safety military aircrew must be healthy. P-wave dispersion (PWD) is the p-wave length difference in an electrocardiographic (ECG) examination and represents the risk of developing atrial fibrillation. In the study we aimed at investigating PWD in healthy military aircrew who reported for periodical examinations. Material and Methods: Seventy-five asymptomatic military aircrew were enrolled in the study. All the subjects underwent physical, radiologic and biochemical examinations, and a 12-lead electrocardiography. P-wave dispersions were calculated. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 36.15±8.97 years and the mean p-wave duration was 100.8±12 ms in the whole group. Forty-seven subjects were non-pilot aircrew, and 28 were pilots. Thirteen study subjects were serving in jets, 49 in helicopters, and 13 were transport aircraft pilots. Thirty-six of the helicopter and 11 of the transport aircraft aircrew were non-pilot aircrew. P-wave dispersion was the lowest in the transport aircraft aircrew, and the highest in jet pilots. P-wave dispersions were similar in the pilots and non-pilot aircrew. Twenty-three study subjects were overweight, 19 had thyroiditis, 26 had hepatosteatosis, 4 had hyperbilirubinemia, 2 had hypertension, and 5 had hyperlipidemia. The PWD was significantly associated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Serum uric acid levels were associated with p-wave durations. Serum TSH levels were the most important predictor of PWD. Conclusions: When TSH levels were associated with PWD, uric acid levels were associated with p-wave duration in the military aircrew. The jet pilots had higher PWDs. These findings reveal that military jet pilots may have a higher risk of developing atrial fibrillation, and PWD should be recorded during periodical examinations

Gastric perforation in a premature baby

Yenidoğanda mide perforasyonu sıklıkla prematüre bebeklerde gözlenen, nadir ve yaşamı tehdit eden bir sorundur. Burada mide perforasyonu saptanan prematüre bir bebek sunulmuş ve yenidoğanda mide perforasyonlarının klinik özellikleri, tanı ve tedavi yöntemleri tartışılmıştır .Gastric perforation is a rare but life threatening problem that frequently encountered in premature babies. Here in, a premature baby with gastric perforation is presented to discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment modalities of neonatal gastric perforations

On the Classical Paranormed Sequence Spaces and Related Duals over the Non-Newtonian Complex Field

The studies on sequence spaces were extended by using the notion of associated multiplier sequences. A multiplier sequence can be used to accelerate the convergence of the sequences in some spaces. In some sense, it can be viewed as a catalyst, which is used to accelerate the process of chemical reaction. Sometimes the associated multiplier sequence delays the rate of convergence of a sequence. In the present paper, the classical paranormed sequence spaces have been introduced and proved that the spaces are ⋆-complete. By using the notion of multiplier sequence, the α-, β-, and γ-duals of certain paranormed spaces have been computed and their basis has been constructed

Tüp torakostomisi sonrası prilokainin yol açtığı methemoglobinemi: Olgu sunumu

Çocuklarda toraks ampiyemi tedavisi genellikle lokal anestezi altında tüp torakostomisi ile gerçekleştirilir. En sık tercih edilen lokal anestetik ajan olan prilokain, terapötik dozlarda dahi akkiz toksik methemoglobineminin en yaygın nedenidir. Bu yazıda, ampiyem nedeniyle lokal anestezi altında göğüs tüpü takılması sonrası siyanoz gelişen ve toksik methemoglobinemi tanısı konulan 10 yaşında bir erkek çocuk sunuldu. Methemoglobin seviyesi %18.7 olarak ölçülen hasta askorbik asit ile başarıyla tedavi edildi.Treatment of empyema thoracis in children is generally performed via tube thoracostomy under local anesthesia. Prilocaine, the most preferred local anesthetic agent, is also the most common cause of acquired toxic methemoglobinemia even in therapeutic doses. In this article, we present a 10-year-old boy who developed cyanosis after chest tube insertion under local anesthesia due to empyema and diagnosed as toxic methemoglobinemia. Methemoglobin level was measured as 18.7% and patient was successfully treated with ascorbic acid

Hipospadiyas Cerrahisinde Askı Dikişine Bağlı Gelişen Komplikasyon

Proksimal ve distal hipospadiyas onarımlarında cerrahın deneyimi ve kullanılan tekniklerdeki gelişmeye karşın komplikasyon oranı hala %1-90 arasında değişmektedir. Literatüre bakıldığında; glans penis ile ilgili meatal darlık, prolapsus ve retraksiyonu içeren az sayıda komplikasyondan söz edilmiştir. Yapılan taramada; hipospadiyas cerrahisi sonrasında tanımlanmış glansın dorsal kısmı ile ilgili herhangi bir yayına rastlanmadı. Glansda askı, stentin tesbitlenmesi ya da her ikisinin kullanımı nedeni ile glansdan geçilen rekraksiyon dikişine bağlı gelişen ameliyat sonrası skar bu komplikasyonlara eklebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; hipospadiyas cerrahisi sırasında kullanılan askı dikişine bağlı glansda skar gelişen dört hastanın sunulmasıdır.The complication rates are still 1-90% both in proximal and distal hypospadias regardless of the surgeon’s experience and the usage of most developed techniques. The literature survey revealed few complications of glans penis including meatal stenosis, prolapsus and retraction. Despite our literature survey, we could not find any article concerning the permanent scar tissue at the dorsal part of glans following hypospadias surgeries. A new complication can be added to these, concerning glans which is the formation of postoperative scar tissue as a reaction to suture material used in traction, stent anchoring or both. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate four cases which had glanular scar due to traction suture following the surgical proce- dures for hypospadias repair

Cytotoxicity of Acrylic Resins, Particulate Filler Composite Resin and Thermoplastic Material in Artificial Saliva with and without Melatonin

There is limited information on the effect of melatonin on the cytotoxicity of dental materials. The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of heat- and auto-polymerized acrylic resin, particulate filler composite resin and a thermoplastic material on L-929 fibroblast cell viability at different incubation periods in artificial saliva without and with melatonin. Disk-shaped specimens were prepared according to each manufacturer's instructions and divided into two groups to be stored either in artificial saliva (AS) and AS with melatonin (ASM). The measurements were performed using an MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide) assay, in which the L-929 mouse fibroblasts cell culture was used. For the MTT test, extracts were examined at 1, 24, 72 h and 1 and 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests. No significant difference was found between groups AS and ASM (F = 0.796; p = 0.373). Incubation period significantly affected all materials tested (p < 0.001). Storing resin-based materials in artificial saliva with melatonin solution for 24 h may reduce cytotoxic effects on the fibroblast cells for which the highest effect was observed. Soaking resin prosthesis or orthodontic appliances in artificial saliva with melatonin at least 24 h before intraoral use or rinsing medium containing melatonin may be recommended for decreasing the cytotoxicity of dental resin materials

Cytotoxicity of Acrylic Resins, Particulate Filler Composite Resin and Thermoplastic Material in Artificial Saliva with and without Melatonin

There is limited information on the effect of melatonin on the cytotoxicity of dental materials. The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of heat- and auto-polymerized acrylic resin, particulate filler composite resin and a thermoplastic material on L-929 fibroblast cell viability at different incubation periods in artificial saliva without and with melatonin. Disk-shaped specimens were prepared according to each manufacturer&rsquo;s instructions and divided into two groups to be stored either in artificial saliva (AS) and AS with melatonin (ASM). The measurements were performed using an MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide) assay, in which the L-929 mouse fibroblasts cell culture was used. For the MTT test, extracts were examined at 1, 24, 72 h and 1 and 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey&rsquo;s tests. No significant difference was found between groups AS and ASM (F = 0.796; p = 0.373). Incubation period significantly affected all materials tested (p &lt; 0.001). Storing resin-based materials in artificial saliva with melatonin solution for 24 h may reduce cytotoxic effects on the fibroblast cells for which the highest effect was observed. Soaking resin prosthesis or orthodontic appliances in artificial saliva with melatonin at least 24 h before intraoral use or rinsing medium containing melatonin may be recommended for decreasing the cytotoxicity of dental resin materials

Lallementia canescens (L.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ve Lallementia peltata (L.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey. fenolik ıçerikleri ve antimikrobiyal, antioksidan ve DNA koruyucu etkileri

The healing effects of plants are known to stem from the components in their contents. In today's science, the studies on plant contents and biological activities as well as the discovery or development of new therapeutic agents are very popular. In this study, the biological activities of Lallementia canescens (L. canescens) and Lallementia peltata (L. peltata) were investigated to provide valuable data for the literature in the treatment of various diseases and new active substance design. The corresponding plants, which benefits and contents have not been completely elucidated yet, were collected from Bitlis province in Turkey and converted into herbarium material. Ethanol (EtOH) extracts were prepared from the aerial parts (leafs) of the plants using the soxhlet extraction method. The concentrations of 17 phenolic compounds (antioxidants) were determined in these extracts by HPLC. Moreover, the in vitro antioxidant activities of such extracts were compared with the standard antioxidants: Butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA), Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Alpha tocopherol (?-Toc). Hollow agar and agarose gel electrophoresis methods were used to investigate the antimicrobial effects on various microorganisms and protective effects on pBR322 plasmid DNA, respectively. The results showed that some phenolics such as kaempferol, gallic acid, and salicylic acid could not be identified in EtOH extracts, while the extracts showed strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, particularly on the yeasts. On the other hand, DNA protective activities of the extracts were found to be very limited. It can be concluded that the plants are generally rich resources of phenolic compounds. The plants have potential to exhibit strong antioxidant antifungal activities as similar to the standards.Bitkilerin iyileştirici etkilerinin içerdikleri bileşenlerden kaynaklandığı bilinmektedir. Bugünün bilim dünyasında, yeni terapötik ajanların geliştirilmesi ve keşfinde olduğu gibi bitki içerikleri ve biyolojik aktiviteleri üzerine çalışmalar çok popülerdir. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisi ve yeni aktif madde dizaynında literatür için değerli data elde etmek amacıyla, Lallementia canescens (L. canescens) ve Lallementia peltata (L. peltata)’nın biyolojik aktiviteleri araştırıldı. Henüz yararları ve içerikleri tam aydınlatılmamış olan bu bitkiler Bitlis ilinden toplandı ve herbaryum materyaline çevrildi. Bitkilerin toprak üstü kısımları kullanılarak soxalet ekstraksiyon metodu ile etanol (EtOH) özleri hazırlandı ve HPLC kullanılarak bu özlerde 17 fenoliğin konsantrasyonları araştırıldı. Daha sonra standart antioksidan olarak bilinen bütillenmiş hidroksianisol (BHA), bütillenmiş hidroksitoluen (BHT) ve alfa tokoferol (?Toc)’e karşı özlerin in vitro antioksidan aktiviteleri, oyuk agar metodu ile çeşitli mikroorganizmalar üzerindeki antimikrobiyal etkileri ve agaroz jel elektroforezi ile pBR322 plazmid DNA’sı üzerindeki koruyucu etkileri araştırıldı. Kamferol (kaempferol), gallik asit (gallic acid) ve salisilik asit (salycilic acid) gibi bazı fenolikler saptanamasa da genel olarak özlerin zengin antioksidan içeriğe sahip olduğu belirlendi. Bu etkiye paralel olarak bitki özlerinin standartlara yakın in vitro antioksidan aktivite sergilediği belirlendi. Ayrıca özütlerin özellikle mantarlar üzerinde daha güçlü antimikrobiyal etki gösterdikleri ancak sınırlı derecede DNA koruyucu aktiviteye sahip oldukları saptandı

Phenolic contents and biological activities of Tanacetum kotschyi (Boiss.) Grierson and Tanacetum tomentellum (Boiss.) Grierson extracts

Bitkiler, iyileştirici etkilerinden dolayı, eski zamanlardan beri tedavi amaçlı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Bitlis ve Van illerinden toplanan Tanacetum kotschyi (Boiss.) Grierson (ateş pireotu) ve Tanacetum tomentellum (Boiss.) Grierson (yıldızlı pireotu)’dan elde edilen etanol ekstraktlarının 14 farklı fenolik içeriği HPLC ile belirlenmiştir. Fenoliklerin geneli antioksidan olarak bilindiğinden dolayı bitkilerin antioksidan özellikleri de bilimsel pek çok çalışmada önemli sayılmıştır. Bu nedenle soxhlet ekstraksiyon metodu ile bu bitkilerden etanol ekstraktları hazırlanmış ve in vitro şartlarda biyolojik aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla ilk olarak bu ekstraktların total antioksidan aktiviteleri, DPPH ve ABTS radikal giderme aktiviteleri, FRAP ve CUPRAC indirgenme metodları ile demir ve bakır indirgeme kuvvetleri ölçülerek antioksidan güçleri, antioksidan oldukları kanıtlanmış çeşitli standartlar (Bütillenmiş hidroksianisol: BHA, Bütillenmiş hidroksitoluen: BHT ve ?-tokoferol: ?-toc) ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Toplumda bitkiler, mikroorganizma kaynaklı pek çok cilt hastalığı başta olmak üzere, günümüzün en önemli hastalıklardan olan kanser gibi DNA hasarına bağlı bazı hastalıklarda da alternatif bir tedavi yöntemi olarak kullanıldığı ve bu yönüyle bitkilerin pek çok farmakolojik araştırmanın ilgi odağı olduğu yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada ekstraktlar, farklı türlerden müteşekkil olan 10 adet mikroorganizma üzerinde denenerek antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri, Pbr322 plazmid DNA’sı üzerinde denenerek DNA koruyucu aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Fenolik sonuçlarına göre T. kotschyi ve T. tomentellum ekstraktlarında gallik asit, T. kotschyi ekstraktında ise salisilik asit varlığı tespit edilememiştir. Buna ek olarak bazı antioksidan aktivite sonuçlarında her iki bitkiden elde edilen etanol ekstraktlarının standartlara benzer aktiviteye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Oyuk agar metodunun kullanıldığı antimikrobiyal aktivite sonuçlarına göre; T. tomentellum ekstraktının Staphylococcus aureus üzerinde, T. kotschyi ekstraktının ise Candida albicans ve Klebsiella pneumonia üzerinde en iyi aktiviteyi sergilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca T. Kotschyi ekstraktı Saccharomyces cereviciae üzerinde herhangi bir aktivite göstermezken, genel olarak ekstraktların bütün test mikroorganizmaları üzerinde antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Son olarak ekstraktların DNA üzerindeki koruyucu etkisi araştırılmıştır. T. kotschyi ekstraktının, plazmid DNA üzerinde koruyucu bir etkisinin olmadığı, T. tomentellum ekstraktının ise H2O2+DMSO’un DNA üzerindeki süpürücü etkisini ortadan kaldırarak kararlı hale gelmesinde etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen veriler, ekstraktların genel olarak güçlü biyolojik aktivitelere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.Plants have been used for therapeutic purposes since ancient times because of their healing effects. In present study, T. kotschyi (Boiss.) Grierson and Tanacetum tomentellum (Boiss.) Grierson plants were collected from Van and Bitlis province and the extracts were prepared from them. Then, 14 different phenolic contents were determined. Since the phenolics are known as antioxidants, the importance of antioxidants properties of the plants is emphasized in many studies. For this purpose, the extracts were prepared from these plants and in vitro biological activities were investigated. Firstly, total antioxidant activities, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities and iron and cupric reduction activities were measured using the extracts and the results were compared with the standard antioxidants (Butylated hidroxyanisole: BHA, Butylated hidroxitoluen: BHT and ?-tocopherol: ?-toc). Today, the plants are used as an alternative treatment in many skin disease caused by microorganism and in the treatment of several diseases such as cancer. In this aspect, it is an undeniable fact that plants are at the focal point of many research. For this purpose, the antimicrobial activities of the extracts on 10 different microorganisms and the DNA protective properties on pBR322 plasmid DNA were determined. According to the phenolic results, In addition to the absence of gallic acid in T. kotschyi and T. tomentellum extracts, salycilic acid could not be detected in T. Kotschyi extract. In vitro antioxidant activities were determined by using total antioxidant activity, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, FRAP and CUPRAC reduction methods and the results were compared with BHA, BHT and ?-tocopherol standard antioxidant results. The ethanol extracts obtained from both plants were found to have close activity to the standards. According to antimicrobial activity results of hollow agar method, T. tomentellum extracts and T. kotschyi were found to have the highest activity on Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumonia respectively. It was observed that the extracts have antimicrobial effect on all test microorganisms. on the contrary, only T. kotschyi extract had no antifungal effect on Saccharomyces cereviciae. Finally, the protective effects of extracts on DNA were investigated. T. kotschyi extract had no protective effect on plasmid DNA however; T. tomentellum extract was able to stabilize the DNA by eliminating the scavenging effect of H2O2 + DMSO. Data from this study show that extracts generally have strong biological activities