95 research outputs found
Evaluation of laboratory tests for determining the lethal temperature of Vitis labruscana BAILEY Concord roots exposed to subzero temperatures
The roots of 1-year-old dormant Concord plants were subjected to subzero temperatures in a cold box programmed to lower the temperature at -2 °C/h. Temperatures down to -30 °C with -5 °C decrements and -20 °C with -2 °C decrements were used. Electrical conductivity (EC), triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction (TTC), and tissue browning (TB) tests were conducted on roots of 1-3 and 4-6 mm in diameter. Growth and survival tests were also conducted. Based on these tests, the lethal temperature of Concord roots was near -5 °C. The plants exposed to -10 °C grew but subsequently died. Lethal temperature of roots indicated by EC and TTC was comparable to that obtained from the survival test. TB tests, though qualitative, were useful in evaluating root injury to tissues and can be used in conjunction with other tests
Integrated solar energy and absorption cooling model for HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) applications in buildings
The demands in production and associate costs at power generation through non renewable resources are increasing at an alarming rate. Solar energy is one of the renewable resource that has the potential to minimize this increase. Utilization of solar energy have been concentrated mainly on heating application. The use of solar energy in cooling systems in building would benefit greatly achieving the goal of non-renewable energy minimization.
The approaches of solar energy heating system research done by initiation such as University of Wisconsin at Madison and building heat flow model research conducted by Oklahoma State University can be used to develop and optimize solar cooling building system.
The research uses two approaches to develop a Graphical User Interface (GUI) software for an integrated solar absorption cooling building model, which is capable of simulating and optimizing the absorption cooling system using solar energy as the main energy source to drive the cycle.
The software was then put through a number of litmus test to verify its integrity. The litmus test was conducted on various building cooling system data sets of similar applications around the world. The output obtained from the software developed were identical with established experimental results from the data sets used.
Software developed by other research are catered for advanced users. The software developed by this research is not only reliable in its code integrity but also through its integrated approach which is catered for new entry users.
Hence, this dissertation aims to correctly model a complete building with the absorption cooling system in appropriate climate as a cost effective alternative to conventional vapor compression system
Selaras kempen kami prihatin
Sejak akhir-akhir ini kes pembuangan bayi dan penderaan kanak-kanak semakin banyak diperkatankan media dan masyarakat. Penderitaan dan kesengsaraan kanak-kanak dan bayi yang tidak berdosa ini sangat perit sehingga ada yang hilang nyawa. Ia sungguh meruntun perasaan
Identification of anthocyanidin pigments in three varieties of Pelargonium hortorum by chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods
Call number: LD2668 .T4 1961 A4
Forex perniagaan kontroversi
PASTINYA ramai di antara kita pernah terjebak dan mendengar dan terjebak dalam perdagangan matawang asing atau lebih dikenali sebagai 'forex'
Cryogenic Memory Technologies
The surging interest in quantum computing, space electronics, and
superconducting circuits has led to new developments in cryogenic data storage
technology. Quantum computers promise to far extend our processing capabilities
and may allow solving currently intractable computational challenges. Even with
the advent of the quantum computing era, ultra-fast and energy-efficient
classical computing systems are still in high demand. One of the classical
platforms that can achieve this dream combination is superconducting single
flux quantum (SFQ) electronics. A major roadblock towards implementing scalable
quantum computers and practical SFQ circuits is the lack of suitable and
compatible cryogenic memory that can operate at 4 Kelvin (or lower)
temperature. Cryogenic memory is also critically important in space-based
applications. A multitude of device technologies have already been explored to
find suitable candidates for cryogenic data storage. Here, we review the
existing and emerging variants of cryogenic memory technologies. To ensure an
organized discussion, we categorize the family of cryogenic memory platforms
into three types: superconducting, non-superconducting, and hybrid. We
scrutinize the challenges associated with these technologies and discuss their
future prospects.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
CMOS-based Single-Cycle In-Memory XOR/XNOR
Big data applications are on the rise, and so is the number of data centers.
The ever-increasing massive data pool needs to be periodically backed up in a
secure environment. Moreover, a massive amount of securely backed-up data is
required for training binary convolutional neural networks for image
classification. XOR and XNOR operations are essential for large-scale data copy
verification, encryption, and classification algorithms. The disproportionate
speed of existing compute and memory units makes the von Neumann architecture
inefficient to perform these Boolean operations. Compute-in-memory (CiM) has
proved to be an optimum approach for such bulk computations. The existing
CiM-based XOR/XNOR techniques either require multiple cycles for computing or
add to the complexity of the fabrication process. Here, we propose a CMOS-based
hardware topology for single-cycle in-memory XOR/XNOR operations. Our design
provides at least 2 times improvement in the latency compared with other
existing CMOS-compatible solutions. We verify the proposed system through
circuit/system-level simulations and evaluate its robustness using a 5000-point
Monte Carlo variation analysis. This all-CMOS design paves the way for
practical implementation of CiM XOR/XNOR at scaled technology nodes.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
Compact Model of a Topological Transistor
The precession of a ferromagnet leads to the injection of spin current and
heat into an adjacent non-magnetic material. Besides, spin-orbit entanglement
causes an additional charge current injection. Such a device has been recently
proposed where a quantum-spin hall insulator (QSHI) in proximity to a
ferromagnetic insulator (FI) and superconductor (SC) leads to the pumping of
charge, spin, and heat. Here we build a circuit-compatible Verilog-A-based
compact model for the QSHI-FI-SC device capable of generating two topologically
robust modes enabling the device operation. Our model also captures the
dependence on the ferromagnetic precision, drain voltage, and temperature with
an excellent (> 99%) accuracy
Cryogenic Neuromorphic Hardware
The revolution in artificial intelligence (AI) brings up an enormous storage
and data processing requirement. Large power consumption and hardware overhead
have become the main challenges for building next-generation AI hardware. To
mitigate this, Neuromorphic computing has drawn immense attention due to its
excellent capability for data processing with very low power consumption. While
relentless research has been underway for years to minimize the power
consumption in neuromorphic hardware, we are still a long way off from reaching
the energy efficiency of the human brain. Furthermore, design complexity and
process variation hinder the large-scale implementation of current neuromorphic
platforms. Recently, the concept of implementing neuromorphic computing systems
in cryogenic temperature has garnered intense interest thanks to their
excellent speed and power metric. Several cryogenic devices can be engineered
to work as neuromorphic primitives with ultra-low demand for power. Here we
comprehensively review the cryogenic neuromorphic hardware. We classify the
existing cryogenic neuromorphic hardware into several hierarchical categories
and sketch a comparative analysis based on key performance metrics. Our
analysis concisely describes the operation of the associated circuit topology
and outlines the advantages and challenges encountered by the state-of-the-art
technology platforms. Finally, we provide insights to circumvent these
challenges for the future progression of research
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