Translin facilitates RNA polymerase II dissociation and suppresses genome instability during RNase H2- and Dicer-deficiency

The conserved nucleic acid binding protein Translin contributes to numerous facets of mammalian biology and genetic diseases. It was first identified as a binder of cancer-associated chromosomal translocation breakpoint junctions leading to the suggestion that it was involved in genetic recombination. With a paralogous partner protein, Trax, Translin has subsequently been found to form a hetero-octomeric RNase complex that drives some of its functions, including passenger strand removal in RNA interference (RNAi). The Translin-Trax complex also degrades the precursors to tumour suppressing microRNAs in cancers deficient for the RNase III Dicer. This oncogenic activity has resulted in the Translin-Trax complex being explored as a therapeutic target. Additionally, Translin and Trax have been implicated in a wider range of biological functions ranging from sleep regulation to telomere transcript control. Here we reveal a Trax- and RNAi-independent function for Translin in dissociating RNA polymerase II from its genomic template, with loss of Translin function resulting in increased transcription-associated recombination and elevated genome instability. This provides genetic insight into the longstanding question of how Translin might influence chromosomal rearrangements in human genetic diseases and provides important functional understanding of an oncological therapeutic target

Coronary Artery Bypass grafting (CABG) versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in the treatment of multivessel coronary disease

BackgroundRevascularization for patients who suffer multivessel coronary artery disease is a common procedure around the world. Taking United about 700,000 patients have multivessel coronary revascularization per year ¼ of these patients are diagnosed with diabetes. AimsTo summarize the current evidence that compare CABG to PCI in multivessel coronary disease‎ in form of ‎cardiac death, stroke, MI and unplanned devascularization.‎Methods This is a systematic review was carried out, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO that examining randomized trials of treatment of multivessel coronary disease to summarize the major RCT concerning this topic.Results The review included five randomized studies that compare coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention. The findings showed that CABG show better result with less mortality rate.ConclusionThis review concluded that there revascularization in treating coronary artery disease could be conducted either by CABG or PCI, CABG show better result as it cause less death, MI and revascularization rates, but the usage of new additions such as second generation DES, can also improve the safety and efficacy of PCI when added to it

A novel In2O3-doped ZnO decorated mesoporous carbon nanocomposite as a sensitive and selective dopamine electrochemical sensor

Dopamine (DA), a critical biomolecule involved in neurotransmission, is implicated in a variety of neurological disorders. Therefore, accurate detection of DA is crucial for the swift diagnosis of conditions arising from abnormal DA levels. Consequently, we utilized a novel nanocomposite material comprising In2O3-doped ZnO decorated on mesoporous carbon (In2O3·ZnO@MC) as the active nanomaterial for the fabrication of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The structural and morphological properties of In2O3·ZnO@MC were comprehensively analyzed utilizing a variety of characterization techniques to confirm its functionality as the sensing nanomaterial. This innovative sensor demonstrates the ability to detect a wide range of DA concentrations, ranging from 0.5 to 2056 μM, in a neutral phosphate buffer solution, exhibiting a high sensitivity of 0.2153 μAμM−1cm−2 and an acceptable detection limit of 0.024 μM. This sensor enables precise DA level measurements in real samples due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, it is a dependable and trustworthy sensor for DA measurement due to its outstanding reproducibility, repeatability, and stability

Influence of hydrogenated diesel/H2O2 blend fuel on diesel engine performance and exhaust emission characterization

Abstract The oxygenated hydro diesel (OHD) is prepared from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), acetone, and seaweed polysaccharide. A long-term study was carried out on the OHD fuel blend stability for about a year at various temperatures. The long-term stability shows very stable properties, no easy emulsion breaking, and a long storage period. The neat diesel and blend fuel performance test was conducted at various engine speeds, 1700–3100 RPM the diesel blend with 5 wt.% and 10 wt. % of H2O2 revealed the best fraction for reducing smoke and emissions. The blend contains 15 wt.% H2O2, revealing a significant reduction in exhaust temperature without considering the engine's performance. Moreover, the performance of the OHD also revealed an economizing rate, decreasing environmental pollution and prolonging the engine’s service life. The diesel engine performance and environmental evaluation leading to exhaust emissions characterization ( $${\mathrm{CO}}_{\mathrm{X}}$$ CO X , $${\mathrm{SO}}_{\mathrm{X}}, {\mathrm{NO}}_{\mathrm{X}}$$ SO X , NO X , and others). Based on the results, the various concentrations of H2O2 are an effective method for reducing the emission of diesel engines. Decreased CO, SO2, unburned hydrocarbons, and NO2 were also observed as percentages of H2O2. Due to increased oxygen content, water content and cetane number, the number of unburned hydrocarbons from diesel fuel decreased with the addition of H2O2. Therefore, the OHD blend can significantly curtail the exhaust emission of conventional diesel fuel, which will help reduce the harmful greenhouse gas emissions from diesel fuel sources

Development of Low Shrinkage Curing Techniques for Unsaturated Polyester and Vinyl Ester Reinforced Composites

This work investigated low shrinkage curing techniques and characterization of unsaturated polyester (UPE-8340) and vinyl ester (VE-922) reinforced composite. The reinforced polymeric composite was composed using various amounts (0.1 vol.% to 0.5 vol.%) of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) and the proportion of UPE and VE (5 vol.%) was kept fixed throughout the study. The epoxy matrix was formed using a 3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) dumbbell shape mold and the specimen was cured in the presence of air and an inner gas (carbon dioxide) using a customized ambient closed chamber system. The influence of MEKP on UPE and VE reinforce composites was studied by investigating curing kinetics, shrinkage, tensile properties, contact angle, and thermal stability. The CO2-cured results show a significant lower shrinkage rate and higher tensile strength and flexural modulus of UPE and VE reinforced composite articles compared with air-cured reinforced composite. These macro-scale results correlate with the air-cured structure, an un-banded smooth surface was observed, and it was found that the lowest amount of MEKP revealed significant improvement in the contact angle of UPET and VE reinforced composites

Low-Temperature Industrial Waste Heat (IWH) Recovery Using a New Design for Fast-Charging Thermal Energy Storage Units

The dynamic melting of CuO–coconut oil was addressed in a latent-heat thermal energy storage unit loaded with copper foam. In a new design, the thermal storage unit is made of a shell-tube-shaped chamber, in which a liquid flow of hot phase-change material (PCM) is allowed to enter the chamber from a port at the bottom and exit at the top. A fin is mounted in the chamber to forward the entrance PCM liquid toward the solid regions. The control equations were solved using the finite element method. The impact of foam porosity, inlet pressure, fin length, and the concentrations of CuO nanoparticles on the thermal charging time of the chamber was investigated. A fast-charging time of 15 min with a foam porosity of 0.95 was achieved. A porosity of 0.95 can provide a maximum thermal charging power of 15.1 kW/kg. The inlet pressure was a significant parameter, and increasing the inlet pressure from 0.5 kPa to 4 kPa reduced the melting time by 2.6 times. The presence of the fin is not advantageous, and even a long fin could extend the thermal charging time. Moreover, dispersed nanoparticles were not beneficial to dynamic melting and extended the thermal charging time

Core Proteomics and Immunoinformatic Approaches to Design a Multiepitope Reverse Vaccine Candidate against Chagas Disease

Chagas disease is a tropical ailment indigenous to South America and caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which has serious health consequences globally. Insect vectors transmit the parasite and, due to the lack of vaccine availability and limited treatment options, we implemented an integrated core proteomics analysis to design a reverse vaccine candidate based on immune epitopes for disease control. Firstly, T. cruzi core proteomics was used to identify immunodominant epitopes. Therefore, we designed the vaccine sequence to be non-allergic, antigenic, immunogenic, and to have better solubility. After predicting the tertiary structure, docking and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) were performed with TLR4, MHC-I, and MHC-II receptors to discover the binding affinities. The final vaccine design demonstrated significant hydrogen bond interactions upon docking with TLR4, MHC-I, and MHC-II receptors. This indicated the efficacy of the vaccine candidate. A server-based immune simulation approach was generated to predict the efficacy. Significant structural compactness and binding stability were found based on MDS. Finally, by optimizing codons on Escherichia coli K12, a high GC content and CAI value were obtained, which were then incorporated into the cloning vector pET2+ (a). Thus, the developed vaccine sequence may be a viable therapy option for Chagas disease